Evaluating the effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) venom on the expression of insulin sensitivity and inflammation-related genes in co-culture of adipocytes and macrophages

Kim Hee‐Yeon,Jo Min Jeong,Nam So Yung,Kim Kwang Min,Choi Moon Bo,Lee Yong‐Ho 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.5

Obese adipose tissue is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy and a massive macrophage infiltration. The interaction between macrophages with mature adipocytes releases pro-inflammatory cytokines. This chronic inflammatory state can contribute to obesity-related complications, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we can attempt to prevent and treat obesity-related diseases by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and blocking their interaction with adipocytes. Honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom (BV) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. Although BV is used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, few studies have addressed its use in obesity-associated inflammation. This study examines the inhibitory effects of BV on lipid accumulation in differentiating preadipocytes, inflammation, and insulin resistance in macrophages and adipocyte-macrophage co-culture system. We treated 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes with BV during differentiation. We later measured lipid accumulation and gene expression of master adipogenic transcription factors. After RAW264.7 and 3 T3-L1 cells were pretreated with BV, RAW264.7 cells were activated with LPS or co-cultured with pretreated 3 T3-L1 cells. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin sensitizing genes was measured in these cells. BV inhibited lipid accumulation and C/EBPα and PPARγ gene expression during intermediate and late 3 T3-L1 cell differentiation. BV also suppressed gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (COX-2, iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and in co-culture of 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages. However, adiponectin and GLUT-4 expression were both significantly increased by BV in co-culture. These findings demonstrate that BV attenuates adipocyte hypertrophy and improves obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in obese adipose tissue.

응급실에서 시행된 기관내 삽관의 현황

김병철,강보승,송형곤,이정훈,송근정,정연권 대한응급의학회 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Background : The purpose of this study was to analyze the endotracheal intubation cases performed in the emergency department. Methods : We investigated retrospectively 326 cases of endotracheal intubation performed in the emergency department of a tertiary care center form April 1, 1998 to March 31, 1999. We focused on operators, medications used, its success rate and immediate complications, and the relationship between its success rate and medications. Results : Of 326 consecutive intubations, 193 patients(59.2%) were done by emergency medicine residents or attending physician. While 320 patients(98.2%) were successfully intubated, 6 patients could not be intubated and 2 patients underwent tracheostomy. Of 50 cases of intubations(15.3%) attempted with paralyzing agents, 48 cases were done with succinylcholine and 46 cases underwent by emergency physicians. Intubations with neuromuscular paralysis resulted in high success rates at the first attempt. Of 55 immediate adverse events were encountered in 47 patients(desaturation=17, bronchial intubation=15, hypotension=8, bradycardia=4, cardiac arrest=2, others=5). Conclusion : At this institution, paralyzing agents were used infrequently, but almost all of them were used by emergency physicians.

파킨슨氏 病 患者에서 副腎 髓質-尾狀核 自家 移植術 後 發生한 器質性 妄想 障碍 2例

金寶淵,李昶旭,韓辰熙 서울醫大 1991 精神醫學 Vol.16 No.4

Clomipramine을 투여하여 치료된 강박장애 2례

김보연,이규환,채영래,이철,백인호 최신의학사 1990 最新醫學 Vol.33 No.1

製造方法에 따른 PZN-PNN-PT-PZ계 세라믹스의 壓電特性

김연보,이기태 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 産業技術硏究 Vol.12 No.-

The quarternary system ceramics 0.5 [xPb(Zm_(⅓)ㅊNb_(⅔))O₃] - 0.5 [yPbTiO₃-(1-y)PbZrO₃) were prepared by conventional, columbite and flux methods and compared their piezoelectric properties with each others. Piezoelectric properties of sample prepared by columbite and flux methods were improved phase boundary of the samples shifted to more Zr-rich composition and showed a drop in piezoelectric properties.

2-2형 압전복합체의 전기적 특성

김연보,류정탁 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2003 情報通信硏究 Vol.1 No.2

In this study, we have investigated on the development of ultrasonic transducers with 2-2 mode piezocomposites that have better piezoelectric activity and lower acoustic impedance than those of conventional piezoceramics. The piezocomposite ultrasonic transducer can solve the traditional acoustic impedance mismatching problems without the help of matching layers. In this study we have designed optimal material properties of the piezocomposite, and volume fraction and geometric shape of the piezoceramic. The accoustic impedance of 2-2 mode piezocomposite was linearly decreased with PZT volume fraction. The electromechanical coupling factor(kt) was uniformed about 0.68 in the 0.2 to 0.6. When the volume fraction of PZT was 0.2 the accoustic impedance was 3.2 Mrayl.

반응성염료와 건염염료의 홀치기염 효과에 관한 연구 : 착색발염기법을 중심으로

김호연,문보영 弘益大學校 2001 미술디자인 논문집 Vol.- No.6

For all of the complex methods and various working processes in Colored Discharge dyeing, it has enormous potential for designing textiles. Also, it has been appreciated for the variety of applications, the high quality of color, and good color fastness. In relation to these advantages of the Colored Discharge method, this thesis explores how it can be utilized in designing textiles for interior spaces and clothes through experiments with tie-dyeing. In doing so, first the thesis analyzes the general characteristics of reactive and vat dyes. Which include their different dyeing methods and processes observed through tie-dyeing with the Colored Discharge method. Then, it examines the various results and changes of patterns brought on by the way the fabrics are manipulated, and even explains how to pattern these results in the actual cloth. By comparing and analyzing the various effects of the colored discharge in experiments, this thesis provides the practical knowledge and instructions that are required for tie-dyeing with the Colored Discharge. In tie-dyeing with the Colored Discharge, the various patterns can be created from how the fabrics are tied. For example, the methods of tieing can create an organic pattern. The methods of folding are effective in making a repetitive pattern. For a more elaborate and precise pattern, the method of sewing is appropriate. One can also place the fabric between two boards that are clamped together which will dictate the pattern. One thing that is worth while to pay attention to is the halation that appears on the verge of the tie-dyed resisted area of the fabric while using vat dyes. Halation is a kind of unexpected effect from the Colored Discharge, and can produce a multiplicity of motifs with great profundities when it is applied in proper ways. Also, vat dyes in the Colored Discharge make it possible for the colors to be free to shift, from the light to the dark, or vice versa. Thanks to this color shifting, one can easily adjust the color, or use several colors together, or even re-dye the fabric according to the design intent and the state of the fabric after dyeing. As suggested in the process of Colored Discharge, modern dyeing calls for both the creativity and artistic sense of a designer and for the development of technology. Therefore, a constant effort should be made for the improvement of both fields.

等方性 Ba-ferrite 磁石의 混合方法에 따른 特性의 變化

김연보 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1985 産業技術硏究 Vol.4 No.-

The effects of Mixing Methods on the solid-state reaction in the system BaCO₃-Fe₂O₃ and magnetic properties of Barium Ferrite Magnets were studied. Mixtures were prepared by partial precipitation mixing and ball mill mixing methods using two different Fe₂O₃ powders. The samples of cylindrical shape were calcined at temperature 1000℃ for 4 hours and fired in the air 2 hours each between 1100℃ and 1300℃ at 50℃ intervals. Techniques used were Thermo gravimetry and DC Magnetic hysteresis loop tracter. Volume shrinkage, fired density, variation in weight and some magnetic properties were studied in two differant mixing methods. It is shown that the mixing methods have marked effects on the solid-state reaction and magnetic properties during calculation. as also on subsequents firing.

자연의 아름다움과 고급스러움이 공존하는 마임 비에타 쇼룸 제안 -오감 (시각, 청각, 후각, 촉각, 미각)을 중심으로-

김보현,이서연,은다솜,엄연정,이진민,장미정,이성애 숙명여자대학교 산업디자인연구소 2017 숙명디자인학 연구 Vol.24 No.-

본 연구는 국내 브랜드 ‘마임'의 뷰티와 연계한 뷰티 쇼룸을 제안함에 있어서 공간속에 오감을 담아내는 일련의 프로세스를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 이는 브랜드가 소유하고 있는 다양한 감각과 가치가 결여된 채 시각적 요소만이 담긴 브랜드 뷰티 쇼룸이 대다수를 차지하는 오늘날, 이에 대한 문제를 해결하기 위해 ’융합 연출 디자인'적 시점에서 폭넓게 바라보고 브랜드의 정신과 오감의 결합을 통해 이를 해결하고자 하였다. 이에 본 연구는 2017년 3월~6월 15주간 숙명여대 환경디자인학과 <융합연출 디자인>수업에서 진행된 수업의 결과물로서 산학 연계된 화장품 브랜드의 쇼룸디자인 개발 프로세스를 제안한다. 또한 본 연구의 범위는 오감을 담고 있는 뷰티 쇼룸(4D)이 되기까지의 과정 전체로 한다. 그 결과, 마임 뷰티쇼룸은 공간 디자인과 오감을 융합하여 영상에서 공간에 이르기까지 오감의 조화와 브랜드의 정신을 녹여내고 확장시켰다. 끝으로 본 연구는 뷰티 쇼룸 공간 디자인을 제안함에 있어서 오감을 활용하여 통합된 시점에서 그래픽·제품·공간을 개발 및 제시한 것에 의의가 있다. 또한 향후 이와 관련된 쇼룸 공간 개발에 있어서 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

멜트오프(melt-off)기법과 진공 열 처리를 이용한 텍스타일 연구 : 주니치 아라이(Junichi Arai)작품을 중심으로 melt-off and Vacuum heat process

김호연,문보영 홍익대학교 산업디자인 연구소 2002 미술디자인 논문집 Vol.- No.7

Junichi Arai is a artist and designer who has produced textiles using the slit-yarn technique, a fruit of high technologies, has studied new materials through various chemical experiments, and prepared a developing basis for the textile and fashion industry by combining art with his research. The purpose of this research was to study textiles made using the melt-off technique and the vacuum heat process, and the textiles shown in the works of Junichi Arai were analyzed. Junichi Arai has produced textiles by developing the slit-yarn technique by which metals such as aluminum are plated onto polyester in a vacuum. He has also experimented with various metal textiles using the slit-yarn method and other metals such as titanium, and chrome, etc. He invented the melt-off technique by which aluminum and alkali are chemically reacted on textiles composed of those materials, and new textile patterns by applying the tie-dyed fabrics and resist printing technique. Though it is an artificial technique, it can produce accidental and natural patterns. This transparent textile perceiving light shows a kind of future textiles. Heating fibers is a method by which various changes in the process of making textures can be expected. Using this method, Junichi Arai developed tactile textiles using the vacuum heat transfer printing and the vacuum heat setting. He manufactured textiles with peculiar patterns by transferring dyes onto wrinkled textiles by using the feature of wrinkles on polyester and nylon being fixed permanently. Junichi Arai has manufactured more tactile and lively textures by transforming woven structures by inputting textiles into steamers. This was done by his peculiar experiments, which were different from fixed concepts about existing finishing processes. The textiles of Junichi Arai are applied to the fashion markets as well as textile works. His textiles can be regarded as materials, which give various senses to modern people by combining mechanically produced textiles and human handicrafts. By analyzing the working process of Junichi Arai, a pioneer in developing new materials, the possibility of designing textiles in which various fields are grafted was studied. Through this research, more peculiar and modern design patterns can be expected.