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김주훈,오덕근 한국지리정보학회 2004 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.7 No.2
본 연구는 강우-유출 침식성 인자의 빈도별에 따른 토양유실량을 평가하고 이를 바탕으로 유역의 토양침식 위험지역을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. RUSLE는 토양침식량을 분석하는데 이용하였다. 연구지역은 섬진강 수계의 관촌유역을 선정하였다. 빈도별 강우-유출 침식성인자를 얻기 위하여 39년간의 일일최대 강우량 자료를 이용하였다. 확률강우량은 Normal 분포, Log-Normal 분포, Pearson type Ⅲ 분포, Log-Pearson type Ⅲ 분포 및 Extreme-Ⅰ분포를 이용하였다. 이 중 적합도가 가장 높은 것으로 판단되는 Log-Pearson type Ⅲ 분포를 채택하였다. Log-Pearson type Ⅲ 분포는 24시간 확률 강우량을 산정하는데 이용하였고, 빈도별 강우-유출 침식성 인자는 Huff 분포비로 평가하였다. 분석결과 2년빈도에서 200년 빈도까지 토양유실량은 평균 12.8~68.0towha·yr로 분석되었다. 유역의 토양운실량 분포를 4개 분류등급으로 구분하여 토안침식 위험지역을 분석하였으며, 침식발생 위험지역으로 판단되는 지역은 분류등급 Ⅳ로 하였다. 분류등급 Ⅳ의 면적은 0.01~5.28㎢로 전체 농경지 면적의 0.02~9.06%로 나타났다. 특히, 200년빈도의 경우 분류등급 If에서 밭작물 재배지역이 전체 농경지 면적의 77.1%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 농경지의 경작상태에 따라 토양유실이 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to estimate soil loss amount according to the rainfall-runoff erosivity factor frequency and to analyze the hazard zone that has high possibilities of soil erosion in the watershed. RUSLE was used to analyze soil loss quantity. The study area is Gwanchon that is part of Seomjin river basin. To obtain the frequency rainfall-runoff erosivity factor, the daily maximum rainfall data for 39 years was used. The probability rainfall was calculated by using the Normal distribution, Log-normal distribution, Pearson type Ⅲ distribution, Log-Pearson type Ⅲ distribution and Extreme-Ⅰ distribution. Log-Pearson type Ⅲ was considered to be the most accurate of all, and used to estimate 24 hours probabilistic rainfall, and the rainfall-runoff erosivity factor by frequency was estimated by adapting the Huff distribution ratio. As a result of estimating soil erosion quantity, the average soil quantity shows 12.8 and 68.0 ton/ha yr, respectively from 2 years to 200 years frequency. The distribution of soil loss quantity within a watershed was classified into 4 classes, and the hazard zone that has high possibilities of soil erosion was analyzed on the basis of these 4 classes. The hazard zone represents class Ⅳ. The land use area of class Ⅳ shows 0.01 - 5.28㎢, it ranges 0.02 - 9.06% of total farming area. Especially, in the case of a frequency of 200 years, the field area occupies 77.1% of total farming area. Accordingly, it is considered that soil loss can be influenced by land cover and cultivation practices.
심순보,김주훈,오덕근 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 2004 建設技術論文集 Vol.23 No.1
The purpose of this study is to analyze soil erosion quantity of a basin by using DEM, soil map and landuse map, and to find a soil erosion hazard zone in a basin. In this study, RUSLE was used to analyze soil loss quantity of Gwanchon subbasin, which is the subbasin Seumjin river basin, was chosen as a research area. This study used a maximum daily precipitation during 40 years of Gwanchon Observation, and DEM of US DMA and the soil map of the Institute fo Agricultural Science were used as the data concerned with topographical charateristics. The subject map was drawn to analyze soil erosion hazard zone by using the above data and maps. According to the results of the analysis, a lot of soil loss shows in a farmland area. The analysis of the above gave the result that from 0.65% to 33.5% of farmland area was found to have a higher chance of soil erosion for each frequency.
만성 심부전환자의 혈액에서 측정한 Tumor necrosis factor-α 및 Interleukin-6의 임상적 의의
김명구,김성구,박상호,한대희,강진환,변정득,심규혁,최병조,방덕원,온영근,현민수,권영주 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2
Background and objectives: Many conditions are responsible for the pathophysiology and progressive mechanisms of congestive heart failure. More recently, it has also become evidence that another class of biologycally activated molecules generically reffered to as cytokine these are also over expressed in congestive heart failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6) in mild to severe symptoms of heart failure and compare their values with those found in normal control and analysed correlation relationship between cytokine level, clinical findings and hemodynamic indicies. Subjects and Methodology: Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured on pulmonary artery during cardiac catheterization in heart failure patients(n=32) and normal subjects(n=8) as well as physical examination and echocardiogram. Cytokines assay were performed on plasma using commercially available ELISA(Enazyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kits. Results: Although the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 tend to increase in congestive heart failure group, the cytokines level was not made significantly statistical difference between congestive heart failure group and controls. When analyzing the correlation between the levels of PCWP(pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) and cytokines(TNF-α, IL-6), respectively, there were statistically significant correlation coefficient 0.32,(p<0.05), 0.39(p<0.01). The cytokine IL-6 and pressure of pulmonary artery were significant correlation.(correlation coefficient 0.36, p<0.02) More significantly, there was correlated with TNF-α and IL-6.(correlation coefficient 0.57, p<0.001) Conclusions: There was tended toward high concentration of TNF-α & IL-6 in congestive heart failure and significant difference for PCWP between TNF-α & IL-6, thus may be correlated with development and progression in congestive heart failure.
In Vitro Expansion of Homogeneous Neural Precursor Cells Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Deuk-Chae Na,Sehee Kim,Won-Ik Choi,Hyun-Jin Hwang,Inho Han,Jae-hwan Kim,Keun-Hong Park,Hyung-Min Chung,Seong-Jun Choi 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.4
Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation embryo and have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells in the body. Hence, these cells may potentially be an indefinite source of cells for cell therapy in various degenerative diseases including neuronal disorders. For clinical applications of human ES cells, directed differentiation of these cells would be necessary. The objective of this study is to develop the culture condition for the expansion of neural precursor cells derived from human ES cells. Human ES cells were able to differentiate into neural precursor cells upon a stepwise culture condition. Neural precursor cells were propagated up to 5000-fold in cell numbers over 12-week period of culture and evaluated for their characteristics. Expressions of sox1 and pax6 transcripts were dramatically up-regulated along the differentiation stages by RT-PCR analysis. In contrast, expressions of oct4 and nanog transcripts were completely disappeared in neural precursor cells. Expressions of nestin, pax6 and sox1 were also confirmed in neural precursor cells by immunocytochemical analysis. Upon differentiation, the expanded neural precursor cells differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. In immunocytochemical analysis, expressions of type III β-tubulin and MAP2ab were observed. Presence of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes were also confirmed by expressions of GFAP and O4, respectively. Results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of long-term expansion of human ES cell-derived neural precursor cells in vitro, which can be a potential source of the cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.