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Risk factors for severity of colonic diverticular hemorrhage
Ken Kinjo,Toshiyuki Matsui,Takashi Hisabe,Hiroshi Ishihara,Toshiki Kojima,Kenta Chuman,Shigeyoshi Yasukawa,Tsuyoshi Beppu,Akihiro Koga,Satoshi Ishikawa,Masahiro Kishi,Noritaka Takatsu,Fumihito Hirai,K 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.3
Background/Aims: Colonic diverticular hemorrhage (DH) was a rare disease until the 1990s, and its incidence has increased rapidly since 2000 in Japan. In recent years, colonic DH has been the most frequent cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). Nearly all cases of DH are mild, with the bleeding often stopping spontaneously. Some cases, however, require surgery or arterial embolization. In this study, using a cohort at Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, we investigated factors associated with severe colonic DH. Methods: Among patients with LGIB who underwent colonoscopy at our hospital between 1995 and 2013, DH was identified in 273 patients. Among them, 62 patients (22.7%) were defined as having severe colonic DH according to recurrence of bleeding in a short period, and/or the necessity of transfusion, arterial embolization, or surgery. We then evaluated risk factors for severe DH among DH patients in this retrospective cohort. Results: Among the 273 patients with DH, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (odds ratio [OR], 2.801; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.164–6.742), Charlson Risk Index (CRI) ≥2 (OR, 3.336; 95% CI, 1.154–7.353), right-sided colonic DH (OR, 3.873; 95% CI, 1.554–9.653), and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion (such as light-headedness, dizziness, or syncope) (OR, 2.926; 95% CI, 1.310–6.535) showed an increased risk of severe DH even after controlling for other factors. Conclusions: Severe DH occurred in 23% of DH patients, and NSAID use, CRI ≥2, right-sided colonic DH, and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion are suggested to be predictors of severe DH.
Cheon, Myeong-Sook,Yoon, Tae-Sook,Yasukawa, Ken,Yu, So-Yeon,Kim, Seung-Ju,Choi, Go-Ya,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Lee, A-Yeong,Choo, Byung-Kil,Kim, Ho-Kyoung The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.2
The roots of both Aralia continentalis and Angelica biserrata, known as 'Dokwhal' in Korea, have been used widely as a traditional oriental medicine to treat inflammation and thrombosis. However, the pharmacological differences between A. continentalis and A. biserrata have not been fully established. In the present study, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of 70% ethanolic extracts of A. continentalis (ACE) and A. biserrata (ABE) on the production of inflammatory mediators and secondary swelling from chemically induced ear edema. In RAW264.7 macrophages, both ACE and ABE significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide, prostaglandin $E_2$, interlukin-lbeta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in a dose dependent manner. In addition, the swelling from TPA-induced edema in mouse ears was reduced by ACE and ABE. Overall, ACE showed stronger activities than ABE in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that A. continentalis roots possess stronger anti-inflammatory activity than A. biserrata roots.
이도연 ( Do Yeon Lee ),최고야 ( Go Ya Choi ),윤태숙 ( Tae Sook Yoon ),전명숙 ( Myeong Sook Cheon ),김승주 ( Seung Ju Kim ),야스카와켄 ( Ken Yasukawa ),유소연 ( So Yeon Yu ),김호경 ( Ho Kyoung Kim ) 대한본초학회 2008 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.23 No.4
Objectives: Notopterygium incisum (N. incisum) and Saposhnikovia divaricata (S. divaricata) have been clinically used in traditional oriental medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Also, a herbal mixture prepared with N. incisum and S. divaricata has been strongly linked to the anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we evaluate the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of N. incisum and S. divaricata. Methods: For evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of a herbal mixture of N. in incisum and S. divaricata in vivo, we measured the changed ear thickness in 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema model after topical application of herbal mixture. In addition, the levels of markers for inflammation, such as tumore necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and nitric oxide (NO), were determined by ELISA assay in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Results: We reported that water extracts of N. incisum and S. divaricata combination significantly inhibited the mouse ear edema induced by TPA. Moreover, the water extracts of N. incisum and S. divaricata combination exhibited synergistic effects in down-regulating IL-1β level, but not TNF-α and NO. Conclusions: These results suggest that combined treatment of N. incisum and S. divaricata, based on seven methods in prescription compatibility, has a synergistic effect in down-regulating inflammatory response both in vivo and in vitro models. Especially, it seems that IL-1β is a one of main target of the mixture of N. incisum and S. divaricata on anti-inflammatory activity.
Myeong Sook Cheon,윤태숙,Seung Ju Kim,Goya Choi,문병철,A-Yeong Lee,Byung Kil Choo,Ho Kyoung Kim,So Yeon Yu,Ken Yasukawa 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.52 No.2
The roots of both Aralia continentalis and Angelica biserrata, known as ‘Dokwhal’ in Korea, have been used widely as a traditional oriental medicine to treat inflammation and thrombosis. However, the pharmacological differences between A. continentalis and A. biserrata have not been fully established. In the present study, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of 70% ethanolic extracts of A. continentalis (ACE) and A. biserrata (ABE) on the production of inflammatory mediators and secondary swelling from chemically induced ear edema. In RAW264.7 macrophages, both ACE and ABE significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interlukin-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in a dose dependent manner. In addition, the swelling from TPA-induced edema in mouse ears was reduced by ACE and ABE. Overall, ACE showed stronger activities than ABE in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that A. continentalis roots possess stronger anti-inflammatory activity than A. biserrata roots.