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USING ORBITAL EFFECTS TO BREAK THE CLOSE/WIDE DEGENERACY IN BINARY-LENS MICROLENSING EVENTS
Shin, I.-G.,Sumi, T.,Udalski, A.,Choi, J. Y.,Han, C.,Gould, A.,Abe, F.,Bennett, D. P.,Bond, I. A.,Botzler, C. S.,Chote, P.,Freeman, M.,Fukui, A.,Furusawa, K.,Harris, P.,Itow, Y.,Ling, C. H.,Masuda, K. IOP Publishing 2013 The Astrophysical journal Vol.764 No.1
<P>Microlensing can provide an important tool to study binaries, especially those composed of faint or dark objects. However, accurate analysis of binary-lens light curves is often hampered by the well-known degeneracy between close (s < 1) and wide (s > 1) binaries, which can be very severe due to an intrinsic symmetry in the lens equation. Here, s is the normalized projected binary separation. In this paper, we propose a method that can resolve the close/wide degeneracy using the effect of a lens orbital motion on lensing light curves. The method is based on the fact that the orbital effect tends to be important for close binaries while it is negligible for wide binaries. We demonstrate the usefulness of the method by applying it to an actually observed binary-lens event MOA-2011-BLG-040/OGLE-2011-BLG-0001, which suffers from severe close/wide degeneracy. From this, we are able to uniquely specify that the lens is composed of K- and M-type dwarfs located similar to 3.5 kpc from the Earth.</P>
Involvement of S6K1 in mitochondria function and structure in HeLa cells
Park, J.,Tran, Q.,Mun, K.,Masuda, K.,Kwon, S.H.,Kim, S.H.,Kim, D.H.,Thomas, G.,Park, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Cellular signalling Vol.28 No.12
The major biological function of mitochondria is to generate cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation. Apart from cellular respiration, mitochondria also play a key role in signaling processes, including aging and cancer metabolism. It has been shown that S6K1-knockout mice are resistant to obesity due to enhanced beta-oxidation, with an increased number of large mitochondria. Therefore, in this report, the possible involvement of S6K1 in regulating mitochondria dynamics and function has been investigated in stable lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells. Interestingly, S6K1-stably depleted HeLa cells showed phenotypical changes in mitochondria morphology. This observation was further confirmed by detailed image analysis of mitochondria shape. Corresponding molecular changes were also observed in these cells, such as the induction of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1). Oxygen consumption is elevated in S6K1-depeleted HeLa cells and FL5.12 cells. In addition, S6K1 depletion leads to enhancement of ATP production in cytoplasm and mitochondria. However, the relative ratio of mitochondrial ATP to cytoplasmic ATP is actually decreased in lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells compared to control cells. Lastly, induction of mitophagy was found in lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells with corresponding changes of mitochondria shape on electron microscope analysis. Taken together, our results indicate that S6K1 is involved in the regulation of mitochondria morphology and function in HeLa cells. This study will provide novel insights into S6K1 function in mitochondria-mediated cellular signaling.
Research Activities on a MIR-FEL and Table-Top THz Generation in Kyoto University
H. Ohgaki,T. Kii,K. Masuda,M. A. Bakr,K. Higashimura,R. Kinjo,S. Ueda,T. Sonobe,Y. U. Jeong,K. Yoshida 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.21
Free Electron Lasers (FEL), which could be useful for developing energy materials, have been exploited at the Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University. A mid-infrared FEL has been developed, and FEL gain saturation at 13.2 µm was achieved for the first time in May 2008. A FEL beam characterization was performed. A macro pulse energy of 5 mJ/pulse and a peak power of about 3 MW were achieved. A FEL beam transport system was constructed in the user room. Furthermore a tabletop THz FEL amplifier for the spectral range from 150 to 300 µm, which consists of a photocathode RF gun and an undulator, has been proposed to strengthen the materials research. For evaluation of the proposed design, a start-to-end simulation was carried out. An output power of about 350 kW is expected with the proposed system. Free Electron Lasers (FEL), which could be useful for developing energy materials, have been exploited at the Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University. A mid-infrared FEL has been developed, and FEL gain saturation at 13.2 µm was achieved for the first time in May 2008. A FEL beam characterization was performed. A macro pulse energy of 5 mJ/pulse and a peak power of about 3 MW were achieved. A FEL beam transport system was constructed in the user room. Furthermore a tabletop THz FEL amplifier for the spectral range from 150 to 300 µm, which consists of a photocathode RF gun and an undulator, has been proposed to strengthen the materials research. For evaluation of the proposed design, a start-to-end simulation was carried out. An output power of about 350 kW is expected with the proposed system.
Mahmoud Bakr,R. Kinjo,Y. W. Choi,M. Omer,K. Yoshida,S. Ueda,M. Takasaki,K. Ishida,N. Kimura,H. Zen,T. Sonobe,T. Kii,K. Masuda,H. Ohgaki 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.51
The heating property of LaB_6 and CeB_6 cathodes is investigated against the Back Bombardment (BB) effect in thermionic RF guns using numerical calculation of the stopping range and deposited heat power inside the cathode materials. Then the change in a cathode temperature and corresponding change of current density during 5.5 μs pulse duration are determined by solving two differential equations. The simulation results show that, the change of current density during the macropulse for LaB_6 two times higher than for CeB_6, hence, the effect of the BB electrons in CeB_6 is less than for LaB_6.
Iron fortification of rice seeds through activation of the nicotianamine synthase gene
Lee, S.,Jeon, U. S.,Lee, S. J.,Kim, Y.-K.,Persson, D. P.,Husted, S.,Schjorring, J. K.,Kakei, Y.,Masuda, H.,Nishizawa, N. K.,An, G. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2009 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.106 No.51
<P>The most widespread dietary problem in the world is mineral deficiency. We used the nicotianamine synthase (NAS) gene to increase mineral contents in rice grains. Nicotianamine (NA) is a chelator of metals and a key component of metal homeostasis. We isolated activation-tagged mutant lines in which expression of a rice NAS gene, OsNAS3, was increased by introducing 35S enhancer elements. Shoots and roots of the OsNAS3 activation-tagged plants (OsNAS3-D1) accumulated more Fe and Zn. Seeds from our OsNAS3-D1 plants grown on a paddy field contained elevated amounts of Fe (2.9-fold), Zn (2.2-fold), and Cu (1.7-fold). The NA level was increased 9.6-fold in OsNAS3-D1 seeds. Analysis by size exclusion chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy showed that WT and OsNAS3-D1 seeds contained equal amounts of Fe bound to IP6, whereas OsNAS3-D1 had 7-fold more Fe bound to a low molecular mass, which was likely NA. Furthermore, this activation led to increased tolerance to Fe and Zn deficiencies and to excess metal (Zn, Cu, and Ni) toxicities. In contrast, disruption of OsNAS3 caused an opposite phenotype. To test the bioavailability of Fe, we fed anemic mice with either engineered or WT seeds for 4 weeks and measured their concentrations of hemoglobin and hematocrit. Mice fed with engineered seeds recovered to normal levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit within 2 weeks, whereas those that ate WT seeds remained anemic. Our results suggest that an increase in bioavailable mineral content in rice grains can be achieved by enhancing NAS expression.</P>
Masuda, T.,Taniguchi, T.,Suzuki, K.,Sakai, T.,Morichi, T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.3
The rapid formation of a cream line cannot be observed in raw goat's milk standing at a low temperature. Although the poor creaming ability of goat's milk has been considered to be due to the small size of milk fat globules and the lack of euglobulin capable of being adsorbed on milk fat globules, there is much left to study. The present work attempted to elucidate a factor for poor creaming ability of goat's milk. The creaming ability of the experimental milks reconstituted from creams and skim milks separated from cow's milk or goat's milk was measured by the volume of the cream layer and the fat content of bottom layer. The polypeptides composition of the P1 the fraction (i.e., the high molecular weight fraction eluted near the void volume obtained by the gel filtration of whey) and milk fat globule membrane prepared from both milks were compared. It was found that the promotion of creaming originated from goat's skim milk was lower than that from cow's skim milk. The P1 fraction in goat's skim milk was less than that in cow's skim milk. The polypeptide (M.W. $4.3{\times}10^4$), found in the P1 fraction of cow's milk was not found in the P1 fraction of goat's milk. It is suggested that the poor creaming ability of goat milk is caused mainly by the difference from cow milk in the amount and the composition of the P1 fraction.
Study of KS0 pair production in single-tag two-photon collisions
Masuda, M.,Uehara, S.,Watanabe, Y.,Adachi, I.,Ahn, J. K.,Aihara, H.,Al Said, S.,Asner, D. M.,Atmacan, H.,Aulchenko, V.,Aushev, T.,Ayad, R.,Babu, V.,Badhrees, I.,Bansal, V.,Behera, P.,Berger, M.,Bhardw American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.97 No.5