Monitoring of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from laboratory animals

Jun-Seo Goo,Mee-Kyung Jang,Sun-Bo Shim,Seung-Wan Jee,Su-Hae Lee,Chang-Jun Bae,Songhee Park,Kwang-Je Kim,Ji-Eun Kim,In-Sik Hwang,Hye-Ryun Lee,Sun-Il Choi,Young-Ju Lee,Chul-Joo Lim,Dae-Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2012 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.28 No.2

The drug resistance of microorganisms isolated from laboratory animals never treated with antibiotics is being reported consistently, while the number of laboratory animals used in medicine, pharmacy, veterinary medicine, agriculture, nutrition, and environmental and health science has increased rapidly in Korea. Therefore, this study examined the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from laboratory animals bred in Korea. A total of 443 isolates (7 species) containing 5 Sphingomonas paucimobilis, 206 Escherichia coli, 60 Staphylococcus aureus, 15 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 77 Enterococcus faecalis, 27 Citrobacter freundii, 35 Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from the nose, intestine, bronchus and reproductive organs of ICR mice and SD rats. Of these species, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterococcus faecalis showed significant antimicrobial resistance according to the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) in E-test. In case of Acinetobacter baumannii, several isolates showed MIC values 16-128 ㎍/mL for cefazolin and cefoxitin, and higher resistance (128-512 ㎍/mL) to nitrofurantoin than that of standard type. Resistance to cefazolin, cefoxitin and nitrofurantoin was detected in 17.14, 20.00, and 8.57% of the Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, respectively. In addition, 44.1% of the Enterococcus faecalis isolates collected from the laboratory animals were resistant to oxacillin concentration of 16-32 ㎍/mL range, while MIC value of standard type was below oxacillin concentration of 6 ㎍/mL. These results suggest that in rodent species of laboratory animals, Acinetobacter baumannii are resistance to cefazolin, cefoxitin and nitrofurantoin, whereas those of Enterococcus faecalis were resistance to oxacillin.

IoT 기술을 활용한 콘크리트 초기 품질관리 시스템(CIMS)의 개발

서항구 ( Seo Hang-goo ),신세준 ( Sin Se-jun ),이영준 ( Lee Young-jun ),현승용 ( Hyun Seung-yong ),한민철 ( Han Min-cheol ),한천구 ( Han Cheon-goo ) 한국건축시공학회 2019 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.19 No.1

With development of IT technology, the ubiquitous has been realized in various industry. In construction industry, as well, end-edge techniques have been introduced such as managing technique the temperature and compressive strength of the concrete placed in structure in domestic and abroad project sites. However, several problems were found during application at the actual field regarding difficulties of connecting Bluetooth communication due to the short communication range, diffuse reflection caused by aluminum formwork, and high cost by using one-time sensor. Therefore to recover these shortages, and improve the performances, the wireless sensor network based concrete IoT management system for concrete early-age quality management was developed.

Gasification Characteristics of Rapid Thermal Pyrolyzer Residue in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Seo, Myung Won,Guahk, Young Tae,Rho, Nam Sun,Yoon, Sang Jun,Ra, Ho Won,Koo, Geon Hoe,Kim, Yong Ku,Kim, Jae Ho,Lee, Jae Goo,Kim, Sang Done American Chemical Society 2014 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.28 No.5

<P>A novel process has been developed at KIER (Korea Institute of Energy Research) for upgrading extra-heavy oil fractions. This process uses a rapid thermal pyrolysis (RTP) of extra-heavy oil with a gasifier/combustor of RTP residue to produce syngas as well as to supply heat to the pyrolyzer. Unreacted carbon in RTP residues from the pyrolyzer are used as a feedstock to the gasifier/combustor. The RTP residue is mostly sand with 1 wt % of petroleum coke.The possibility that product gas from the gasifier/combustor can supply heat to the pyrolyzer is examined. A continuous fluidized bed reactor with the maximum capacity of 10 kg/h (0.05 m I.D. × 1.2 m high) was designed and constructed for RTP residue gasification/combustion. Air, oxygen, and steam were used as gasifying agents. The results of gasification are evaluated, including product gas composition, carbon conversion, gas yield, and heating value of the product gases. In air-blown gasification, the HHV (higher heating value) of the product gas ranges from 72.3 to 303.2 kcal/m<SUP>3</SUP>, which is lower than that of typical gasification. The carbon conversion is below 0.37, due to the low reactivity of petroleum coke and the diluting effects of nitrogen. In contrast, carbon conversion was greater than 0.93 with a higher equivalence ratio (ER = 1.0) in the O<SUB>2</SUB>-blown gasification mode. Product calorific values of up to 3739 kcal/m<SUP>3</SUP> can be obtained, with the steam serving as a gasifying agent.</P>

STEAM REFORMING OF MODEL BIOMASS TAR OVER RUTHENIUM CATALYSTS

Seo Yun PARK,Kun Woong OH,Sang Jun YOON,Jae Goo LEE 한국신재생에너지학회 2013 AFORE Vol.2013 No.-

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMMERCIAL CATALYSTS FOR TAR STEAM REFORMING

Seo Yun PARK,Kun Woong OH,Sang Jun YOON,Jae Goo LEE 한국신재생에너지학회 2014 AFORE Vol.2014 No.-

A Case of Pleural Paragonimiasis Confused with Tuberculous Pleurisy

( Jun Whi Song ),( Goo Hyeon Hong ),( Jae Uk Song ),( Woo Youl Kim ),( Seo Goo Han ),( You Sang Ko ),( Bok Soon Chang ),( Byeong Ho Jeong ),( Jung Seop Eom ),( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Byung Woo Jhun ),( Kyeon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.4

Here, we report a case of pleural paragonimiasis that was confused with tuberculous pleurisy. A 38-year-old man complained of a mild febrile sensation and pleuritic chest pain. Radiologic findings showed right pleural effusion with pleural thickening and subpleural consolidation. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in the pleural effusion was elevated (85.3 IU/L), whereas other examinations for tuberculosis were negative. At this time, the patient started empirical anti-tuberculous treatment. Despite 2 months of treatment, the pleural effusion persisted, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with pleural paragonimiasis based on the pathologic findings of chronic granulomatous inflammation containing Paragonimus eggs. This case suggested that pleural paragonimiasis should be considered when pleural effusion and elevated ADA levels are observed.

Natural Toxin의 안전성 평가연구 : Ochratoxin A의 표적장기독성 Target organ toxicity of ochratoxin A

서경원,김효정,김준규,조대현,박창원,이윤숙,김태완,정세영,이인수,김정구,문화회 식품의약품안전청 1997 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.1 No.-

곰팡이 독소인 ochratoxin A(OTA)는 신장독성, 최기형성, 발암성 및 면역독성을 나타내며, 식품, 곡류 및 정육등에 잔류한다고 알려져 있다. 최근 우리나라의 된장, 간장 등 발효식품에서도 OTA의 전반적인 위해성 평가의 일환으로 OTA의 독성 표적장기인 신장에 초점을 맞추어 신장독성 감소 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 신장독서을 감소시키기위한 대상물질로는 1) 기존에 독성 감소 물질로 알려진 phenylalanine(Phe)2) phenylalanine과 aspartic acid로 구성된 가미료인 아스파탐(Asp),3)녹차의 성분이며 free radical scavenger 및 antioxdant 작용이 있는 polyphenol 70ㄴ(PP),4)최근수명연장 효과가 있고 특히 신장질환에 대한 예방효과가 있다고 알려진 알로에 추출물(AE)을 선택하였다. 신장독성을 유발시키기 위하여 OTA를 2.0mg/kg의 용량으로 2주간 연속 경구추여하였다. Phe (40mg/kg,i.p.)과 Asp(25mg/kg,p.o)은 OTA(2.0mg/kg,p.o)와 병용투여하였으며, PP(200mg/kg,p.o.)는 OTA 투여 2주전부터 AE (501ng/kg, i.v.)은 3일전부터 전처리하여 OTA (2.Omg간9, f.a)와 2주간 병용투여하였다. 신장독성의 확안은.혈청중 BUN, creatinine치 및 뇨중 y-glutamyltranspeptidase와 』ㄴacetyl-,5-D-slucoaarninidase의 팔성을 측정하였고 신장에 대한 조직병리 검사를 실시하였다. 실험결과, OTA를 2주간 2.Omg/kg용량으로 투여한 결과 신장 독성이 유발되었으며,독성 감소물질로 사용한 4개의 화합물 모두 혈액 및 뇨 중 신장독성 지표를 유의성 있게 감소시켰다. 조직병리 검사 결과 OTA에 좌하여 신장의 근위세뇨관에 변성이 유발되었으며, 4개의 화합물 처리군에서는 변성이 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 결과펄부터 Phe, Asp, PP 및 A료는 모두 OTA에 의한 신장독성을 감소션킬 수 있으며, OTA에 의한 신장독성 유발에는 Phe콘 대한 경쟁작용 및 free radical 생성치 관여되어 있음을 확글할 수 있었다. Oehratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by f3rergiffHa ocaraceHs as well ar molds. It is a natural contaminant of mouldy food and feed. OTA has a number of toxic effects,premiBant being nephrotoxicity. Futherraore, OTA is immubosuppressiue, genotoxic,impossible to avoid contamin,ation of foodstuffs by toBic fungi, detoxification and detoxication of OTA are needed. In this study we investigated the protective effects of aspartame (Asp), phenylalanine(Phe), polrphenoB 705(PP) and aloe estract (AE ) on the nephrotoxicity induced by subacute exrolurewere admiai'ftered to Spragu,e-Dawley rats simultaneously with 07,c, (2.Omg/kg, f.a) for 2 weeks. PP (200mg/kg, f,o.) and AE (SOmg/Etg, i. u.) were pretreated before adminfstration of OTA, for 2 weeks and3 days, respectivelf. Using e]Ixymuria, BUN level, creatfneinia and histophathologic examination as indices of renal damage, we observed that all of four compvnds preveBted the nephrotoxic effects inducedby OTA. It seems that stnlct,ural analogues of OTA such as Asp and Phe have better protective effecton the nephrotoxicity of OTf. than aBtioxidants. These results indicate that 1) formation of free radicaland lipid peroxidation are like?y to be involved in the nephrotoxicity of OTA in vivo,2) Asp, PP and AEare might be used for prevent,ion of renal lesions in cases of ochratoxicosis.

Tuning the Reactivity of Chromium(III)-Superoxo Species by Coordinating Axial Ligands

Goo, Yi Re,Maity, Annada C.,Cho, Kyung-Bin,Lee, Yong-Min,Seo, Mi Sook,Park, Young Jun,Cho, Jaeheung,Nam, Wonwoo American Chemical Society 2015 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.54 No.21

<P>Metal-superoxo species have attracted much attention recently as key intermediates in enzymatic and biomimetic oxidation reactions. The effect(s) of axial ligands on the chemical properties of metal-superoxo complexes has never been explored previously. In this study, we synthesized and characterized chromium(III)-superoxo complexes bearing TMC derivatives with pendant pyridine and imidazole donors, such as [Cr-III(O-2)-(TMC-Py)](2+) (1, TMC-Py = 4,8,11-trimethyl-1-(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) and [Cr-III(O-2)(TMC-Im)](2+) (2, TMC-Im = 4,8,11-trimethyl-1-(2-methylimidazolmethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane). The reactivity of chromium(III)-superoxo complexes binding different axial ligands, such as 1, 2, and [Cr-III(O-2)(TMC)(Cl)](+) (3, TMC = 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane), was then investigated in CH bond activation and oxygen atom transfer reactions. Kinetic studies revealed that the reactivity of the Cr(III)-superoxo complexes depends on the axial ligands, showing the reactivity order of 1 > 2 > 3 in those electrophilic oxidation reactions. It was also shown that there is a good correlation between the reactivity of the chromium(III)-superoxo complexes and their redox potentials, in which the redox potentials of the chromium(III)-superoxo complexes are in the order 1 > 2 > 3. DFT calculations reproduced the reactivity order between 1 and 3 in both C-H bond activation and oxygen atom transfer reactions, and the latter reaction is described using orbital interactions. The calculations are also in agreement with the experimentally obtained redox potentials. The present results provide the first example showing that the reactivity of metal-superoxo species can be tuned by the electron-donating ability of axial ligands bound trans to the metal-superoxo moiety.</P>

Time-resolved three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in patients who have undergone a Fontan operation or bidirectional cavopulmonary connection: Initial experience

Goo, Hyun Woo,Yang, Dong Hyun,Park, In-Sook,Ko, Jae Kon,Kim, Young Hwee,Seo, Dong-Man,Yun, Tae-Jin,Park, Jeong-Jun RADIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA INC 2007 Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.25 No.4

<B>Purpose</B><P>To evaluate the usefulness of time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) using diluted contrast agent (CA) in patients who had undergone a Fontan operation or bidirectional cavopulmonary connection (BCPC).</P><B>Materials and Methods</B><P>Time-resolved 3D MRA (10 dynamic data sets, two seconds per dynamic data set) using parallel imaging and keyhole data sampling was performed on 15 patients (median age = 10 years, range = 1–20 years) who had undergone a Fontan operation (N = 11) or BCPC (N = 4). Diluted gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent (CA) was intravenously injected into the arm and/or leg veins. The flow dynamics and morphology of pulmonary circulation, and lung perfusion were assessed.</P><B>Results</B><P>Preferential or balanced pulmonary blood flow from each systemic vein was visualized on time-resolved 3D MRA in all patients. In addition, occlusion/stenosis of the central thoracic vein (N = 4) and pulmonary artery (N = 6), systemic venous (N = 5) and arterial (N = 6) collaterals, and lung perfusion defect (N = 4) were identified. Persistent hepatic venous plexus, pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, and axillary arteriovenous fistula were delineated in three patients, respectively.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Time-resolved 3D MRA with diluted CA is useful for evaluating patients who have undergone a Fontan operation or BCPC because it can reveal the flow dynamics and morphology of pulmonary circulation, and lung perfusion status. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>

식품중의 성분이 글루타치온 포합반응에 미치는 영향 : Phenethylisothiocyanate가 glutathione-S-transferases의 유도와 아세트아미노펜에 의한 간독성에 미치는 영향 Effects of Phenethylisothiocyanate on the induction of glutathione-S-transferases and hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen

서경원,김효정,김준규,조대현,박창원,이윤숙,김태완,송연정,김상건,김정구,문화회 식품의약품안전청 1997 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.1 No.-

Phenethflisothiocyanate (P:EITC)는 양배추, 딸기, 포도 둥의 야채 및 과일에 존재하는 천연물로서 폐암,간앙 등의 증식을 억제하는 효과가 있다고 알려져 있으며, 최근 이러한 PEITC의 항암작용이 발알물질의 활성화 억제와 해독대사의 증가와관련되어 있다는 꼬고가 있었다. 본 연구에서는해독대사중 글루타치온 (GS보) 포함반응에 초잠을 맞추어 PEITC가 e-5-transferases (GSTs)의 유도발현과 GSH 포합반응을 증가시캐는지를 살펴보았으며, G읖H 포쓸반응의 증가를 통하쳐 독성물질의 독설발현을 억제할 수 있는지를 쪼사하였다. PEITC를 SD계 수컷 랫 드에 0,3.16, 10,31.6, 100 및 29c1mg/kg의 용량으로 3일간 경구투여한 결과, eST의 효소활성은 100과 200m9/kg에서 유의성있는 증가를 보였으며, GSTYa,Yb,, Yba와 Yc의 단백질량은 용량의존적으로 증가하였고 Ya에 대한 유도효과가 가장 뚜렷하였다. PETT(:를 동일 용량으로 1일 투여한 후 실시한 northern blot 결과에서도 31.6u9/kg용량부터 Ya와 Yb,의 mRNA band의 강도가 증가하였으며 100과 200mg/g에서 뚜편한 증가를 보였다. 간의GSH 함량은 3.16과 10rng/kg의 용량에서는 유의성있게 감소하다 용량의 증가애 따라 증가하여 200mg/t19의 용량 에서는 대조군의 2배로 현저한 증가를 나타내었다. 담즙중 배설되는 아세트아미노펜 (AA) G즈H 포합체의 총량은 - 100rag/kg의 투여군에서는 대조군에 비하여 약 2배의 유의성있는 증가를보였으나, 200mg/kg의 용량에서는 대조쿤과 유의성 있는 변화가 없었다. 마우스를 이용한 간독성시험에서는 PEITC 100과 200mg/kg를 전처리한 결과, AA에 의한 간독성과 치사율이 뚜켠하게 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 1) PETTC는 GST의 효소될성과 Protein 창을 중가시키켜 이는 transcriotional 단계에서 일어나는 현상이고, 2) PEITC에 의한 AA의 독성감소 효과는 GST의 유도발현이 부분적으로 관련되어 있음을 시사한다. Phenethylisothiocyanate (PEITC), a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to inhibit the metabolism and carcinogenicity of nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in various organs of the rats and mice. The mechanisms of cancer protection by this agent are not clear, but may involve the modulation of the enzyme systems responsible for the activation or detoxification of chemical carcinogens. In this study we have investigated the effects of PEITC on the expression of hepatic glutathio:ae-S-transferases (GSTs) and the capacity of GSH conjugation in rats, and determined whether hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (AA) can be inhibited through the induction of GSTs expression in mice. The hepatic GST activity and GSTs (Ya, Yb,, Yb2 and Yc) protein levels elevated in dose-dependent manner after treatment of PEITC (0, 3.16, 10, 31.6, 100 and 200mg/kg, 3 days) in Sprague-Dawley rats. A single dose of PEITC (0, 3.16, 10, 31.6, 100 and 200mg/kg) enhanced marked ly the mRNA levels of Ya and Yb, at 100 and 200mg/kg after 24h treatment. The hepatic GSH content was slightly decreased at 3.16 and 10mg/kg of PEITC, but gradually recovered by a significant increase to 200% of control at 200mg/kg of PEITC. The pretreatment of PEITC 100mg/kg enhanced significantly the biliary excretion of AA-GS conjugates to 2-fold, whereas treatment with 200mg/kg of PEITC did not affect the excretion of AA--GS in bile. When pretreated to ICR mice, PEITC (100 and 200mg/kg) de creased markedly the lethality and hepatotoxicity caused by AA. These results indicate that 1) the in duction of GSTs by PEITC is presumably under the transcriptional regulation, 2) the decrease of AA hepatotoxicity by PEITC may be brought about partly by inducing GSTs