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Effect of Phenylalanine on Differentiation of Myoblast C1C12 and L6 Cells Into Myocytes
Hyun Woo Jeong,Jong Hyun Kim,Chan-Su Rha,Sohn Jonghee,Wangi Kim,Jonghwa Roh 건강기능식품미래포럼 2023 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.3 No.4
In the present study, we aimed to find any essential amino acids (EAAs) that can promote muscle protein synthesis. For this purpose, we examined how the removal of each EAA from the differentiation-inducing medium (Diff.) that is the Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium with 2% horse serum affects the differentiation of C2C12 (mouse myoblasts) or L6 (rat myoblasts) cells into mature myocytes. This method was chosen because muscle protein synthesis is significantly enhanced during the differentiation process. This rationale was confirmed by the observation that C2C12 cells showed increased expressions of myosin heavy chain when induced to differentiate by culturing them in the Diff.. When we induced the C2C12 or L6 cells in the Diff. with each EAA depletion, we found that their differentiation rate and the expression of myogenic marker proteins (MyoD and MyoG) was blunted. This decreases were most noticeable when cultured in the Diff. with phenylalanine removed (Diff.-Phe). This effect was comparable to that of leucine. Further, the phenylalanine-removing effect could be recovered by supplementing this EAA back to the Diff.-Phe but not by adding tyrosine, indicating that the effect on differentiation is due to phenylalanine itself. These findings suggest that phenylalanine plays a role in the differentiation of myoblasts, particularly when muscle protein synthesis is enhanced, implying that phenylalanine could contribute to the promotion of muscle protein synthesis. Based on these findings, it is expected that phenylalanine, like leucine, could provide benefits in preventing the loss of muscle mass.
Enhanced and balanced efficiency of white bi-directional organic light-emitting diodes.
Lee, Jonghee,Cho, Hyunsu,Koh, Tae-Wook,Yun, Changhun,Hofmann, Simone,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Yong Hyun,L?ssem, Bj?rn,Lee, Jeong-Ik,Leo, Karl,Gather, Malte C,Yoo, Seunghyup Optical Society of America 2013 Optics express Vol.21 No.23
<P>We report on the characteristics of enhanced and balanced white-light emission from bi-directional organic light-emitting diodes (BiOLEDs) enabled by the introduction of micro-cavity effects. The insertion of an additional metal layer between the indium tin oxide anode and the hole transporting layer results in similar light output of our BiOLEDs in both top and bottom direction and in reduced distortion of the electroluminescence spectrum. Furthermore, we find that by utilizing MC effects, the overall current efficiency can be improved by 26.2% compared to that of a conventional device.</P>
Lee, Jonghee,Kim, Yong Hyun Elsevier 2018 Synthetic metals Vol.242 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report high performance white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on high conductivity poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films optimized by a solvent post treatment. The device stack is carefully optimized with high efficiency tandem structures including red, yellow/green, and blue emissive materials. The OLED with the PEDOT:PSS transparent electrode achieves a high power efficiency of 26.1 lm/W and an external quantum efficiency of 19.3%, which are comparable to the reference indium tin oxide (ITO)-based OLEDs. In addition, it is observed that the angular emission characteristic of PEDOT:PSS-based OLEDs is closer to Lambertian distribution compared to that of the ITO-based OLED. We show that the optimized device stack together with post-treated PEDOT:PSS transparent electrodes can realize high performance ITO-free white OLEDs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Efficient ITO-free white OLEDs prepared with conductive polymers are presented. </LI> <LI> The device efficiency is boosted by using the optimized tandem structure. </LI> <LI> The optimized device stack results in the high efficiency of ITO-free white OLEDs. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Jonghee,Koh, Tae-Wook,Cho, Hyunsu,Hofmann, Simone,Reineke, Sebastian,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Jeong-Ik,Yoo, Seunghyup,Leo, Karl,Gather, Malte C. Elsevier 2015 Organic Electronics Vol.26 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are one of the most promising technologies to realize future solid-state lighting with high power efficiency, broad and adjustable spectral coverage, and area emission for more effective and natural illumination. In this work, we report a new method of tuning the correlated color temperature (CCT) of WOLEDs via spatially controlling the degree of the micro-cavity effect in an OLED. Varying the width of thin Ag strips deposited on top of a transparent electrode leads to changes in both intensity and phase of reflection at the anode, hence significantly altering emission spectra of proposed WOLEDs. CCT of the implemented WOLEDs span a wide range, from 3000K to 8000K, demonstrating that our proposed approach helps to meet the need for lighting with various CCTs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We report a correlated color temperature (CCT) tunable white OLEDs. </LI> <LI> Micro-cavity (MC) effect in an OLED was controlled with a striped thin metal layer. </LI> <LI> MC effect alters emission spectra and intensity of white OLEDs. </LI> <LI> CCT of the implemented white OLEDs span a wide range, from 3000K to 8000K. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are one of the most promising technologies to realize future solid-state lighting with high power efficiency, broad and adjustable spectral coverage, and area emission for more effective and natural illumination. In this work, we report a new method of tuning the correlated color temperature (CCT) of WOLEDs via spatially controlling the degree of the micro-cavity effect in an OLED. Varying the width of thin Ag strips deposited on top of a transparent electrode leads to changes in both intensity and phase of reflection at the anode, hence significantly altering emission spectra of proposed WOLEDs. CCT of the implemented WOLEDs span a wide range, from 3000K to 8000K, demonstrating that our proposed approach helps to meet the need for lighting with various CCTs.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Chan Hyun Lee,Byeong Wan Kwon,Joo Hyeng Oh,Suji Kim,Jonghee Han,Suk Woo Nam,Sung-Pil Yoon,Ki Bong Lee,함형철 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.105 No.-
With growing interest in the bulk production of the alternative energy carrier hydrogen, dry-reforming ofmethane using carbon dioxide has attracted great interest as one of the possible carbon capture and utilization(CCU) technologies and hydrogen production methods. An integrated system combining the dryreformingand water gas shift reactions is suggested to improve the productivity of hydrogen, and a systemhas also been developed for high-purity hydrogen production from a single system using thesorption-enhanced reaction concept. To realize the proposed system, we develop the Ru-dopedSr0.92Y0.08TiO3 perovskite catalysts and investigate their characteristics using various analyses. The preparedcatalysts exhibit excellent CH4 conversion of 92.2% for the dry-reforming reactions at 800 C withoutperformance degradation by coke formation. Moreover, high-purity hydrogen (>99.5%) is directlyproduced by the proposed integrated system using anthropogenic greenhouse gases as reactants, andthe efficiency is further enhanced by recycling the captured CO2 to the dry-reforming reactor.
Gunel Huseynova,Jonghee Lee,Jae-Hyun Lee,Won Mok Kim,Yong Hyun Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.6
A highly transparent nanostructured light outcoupling system integrated with a solution-processed polymer anode is proposedfor enhancing the light outcoupling of tandem white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) anode with an internal outcoupling structure (IOS) was easily prepared on aglass substrate via rapid and cost-eff ective fabrication methods. The nanostructures for the IOS were constructed based onzinc tin oxide (ZTO) prepared by Zn and Sn sputtering followed by thermal annealing. The refractive index matching andinternal light scattering led to remarkably reduced waveguided and substrate modes in the OLEDs. The external quantumeffi ciency (EQE), current effi ciency (CE), and luminance effi ciency (LE) of the tandem white OLEDs fabricated using thePEDOT:PSS/IOS system were superior to those of the devices based on the conventional ITO and PEDOT:PSS electrodeswithout the IOS. With the application of the ZTO-based IOS, the tandem devices achieved EQE, CE, and LE 20.6%,42 cd/A, and 23.3 lm/W, respectively, showing a 1.4-fold EQE enhancement over that of the ITO-based device without theIOS. Moreover, the EQE of the devices increased by a factor of 2.3 upon combining the ZTO IOS with a hemispherical lensplaced on the backside of the substrate. Remarkably, the ZTO IOS-based devices exhibited outstanding white color stabilityover large viewing angles. The simple and low-cost IOS developed in this study can potentially be a practical technique forenhancing the light outcoupling effi ciency of tandem white OLEDs.