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Yoojin Lee,Siqi Hu,Young-Ki Park,Ji-Young Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.24 No.2
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases with a prevalence of ∼25% worldwide. NAFLD includes simple hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, which can further progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, effective strategies for the prevention of NAFLD are needed. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complicated due to diverse injury insults, such as fat accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, lipotoxicity, and apoptosis, which may act synergistically. Studies have shown that carotenoids, a natural group of isoprenoid pigments, prevent the development of NAFLD by exerting antioxidant, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and insulin-sensitizing properties. This review summarizes the protective action of carotenoids, with primary focuses on astaxanthin, lycopene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, fucoxanthin, and crocetin, against the development and progression of NAFLD.
Lee, Jimin,Noh, Yoojin,Shin, Sooyoung,Lim, Hong-Seok,Park, Rae Woong,Bae, Soo Kyung,Oh, Euichaul,Kim, Grace Juyun,Kim, Ju Han,Lee, Sukhyang Dove Medical Press 2016 THERAPEUTICS AND CLINICAL RISK MANAGEMENT Vol.12 No.-
<P>Statin therapy is beneficial in reducing cardiovascular events and mortalities in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Yet, there have been concerns of increased risk of diabetes with statin use. This study was aimed to evaluate the association between statins and new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) utilizing the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims database. Among adult patients with preexisting IHD, new statin users and matched nonstatin users were identified on a 1:1 ratio using proportionate stratified random sampling by sex and age. They were subsequently propensity score matched further with age and comorbidities to reduce the selection bias. Overall incidence rates, cumulative rates and hazard ratios (HRs) between statin use and occurrence of NODM were estimated. The subgroup analyses were performed according to sex, age groups, and the individual agents and intensities of statins. A total of 156,360 patients (94,370 in the statin users and 61,990 in the nonstatin users) were included in the analysis. The incidence rates of NODM were 7.8% and 4.8% in the statin users and nonstatin users, respectively. The risk of NODM was higher among statin users (crude HR 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.93–2.10; adjusted HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.63–2.09). Pravastatin had the lowest risk (adjusted HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.32–1.81) while those who were exposed to more than one statin were at the highest risk of NODM (adjusted HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.93–2.37). It has been concluded that all statins are associated with the risk of NODM in patients with IHD, and it is believed that our study would contribute to a better understanding of statin and NODM association by analyzing statin use in the real-world setting. Periodic screening and monitoring for diabetes are warranted during prolonged statin therapy in patients with IHD.</P>
Egg phospholipids exert an inhibitory effect on intestinal cholesterol absorption in mice
Lee, Yoojin,Han, Catherine Y.,Bae, Minkyung,Park, Young-Ki,Lee, Ji-Young The Korean Nutrition Society 2019 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.13 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Consumption of cholesterol-rich foods, such as eggs, has a minimal effect on circulating cholesterol levels in healthy humans. To gain insight, we investigated whether phospholipids rich in eggs (EPL) interfere with intestinal cholesterol absorption in vivo. MATERIALS/METHODS: To investigate the acute effect of EPL on intestinal cholesterol absorption, male C57BL/6J mice were orally administered with 6, 11, or 19 mg of EPL for three days. We also tested the effect of chronic EPL consumption on cholesterol metabolism in the small intestine and the liver in mice with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high fat/high cholesterol (HF/HC; 35% fat, 0.25% cholesterol, w/w) diet for 4 weeks to induce hypercholesterolemia, and subsequently the mice were either fed 0, 0.4 or 0.8% (w/w) of EPL for 6 weeks. RESULTS: Intestinal cholesterol absorption was significantly decreased by the highest dose of acute EPL administration compared to control. Chronic EPL supplementation did not significantly alter intestinal cholesterol absorption nor plasma levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the small intestine and the liver, EPL supplementation minimally altered the expression of genes which regulate cellular cholesterol levels. CONCLUSION: Although chronic EPL consumption was not able to counteract hypercholesterolemia in HF/HC-fed mice, acute EPL administration decreased intestinal cholesterol absorption. This study provides in vivo evidence that acute administration of PLs in eggs prevent cholesterol absorption in the intestine, suggesting a mechanism for a minimal effect of egg consumption on circulating cholesterol levels.
Lee, Yoojin,Bae, Seonghyun,Hwang, Byungil,Schroeder, Marc,Lee, Yongwoo,Baik, Seunghyun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.7 No.39
<P>There have been significant improvements in conductive stretchable fibers and fabrics over the last few decades. However, the durability against washing (<I>i.e.</I>, washability) still remains as a challenging issue hindering practical applications for wearable electronics. In this study, the water and oil washability of conductive stretchable nanocomposite fibers were significantly improved by the covalent functionalization with trichloro(1<I>H</I>,1<I>H</I>,2<I>H</I>,2<I>H</I>-perfluorooctyl)silane (FOTS). The highly conductive (∼14 600 S cm<SUP>−1</SUP>) stretchable AgPU fibers were synthesized by the wet spinning technology using flower-shaped silver nanoparticles and polyurethane (PU). The PU surface of the fiber was firstly treated by Ar plasma to induce reactive hydroxyl groups for the covalent binding with the silane molecules. The vapor-phase FOTS deposition was then carried out to synthesize FOTS-AgPU fibers. Both hydrophobicity and oleophobicity significantly improved after the functionalization. There was negligible change in the electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and rupture strain of the FOTS-AgPU fiber after 8 thorough detergent water washing cycles, demonstrating almost perfect water washability with laundry detergent. The thermal conductivity slightly decreased by 10% since it was more challenging to maintain the phononic thermal transport than the electrical transport. The oil washability was also improved although perfect passivation could not be achieved. The FOTS layer could also be directly functionalized on the AgPU fabric, instead of the AgPU fibers, demonstrating the possibility of facile up-scale post-functionalization. The conductive stretchable fibers and fabric with improved water and oil washability may find immediate applications for wearable electronics.</P>
Lee Kyu-Chong,Lee Kee-Hyoung,Kang Chang Ho,Ahn Kyung-Sik,Chung Lindsey Yoojin,Lee Jae-Joon,Hong Suk Joo,Kim Baek Hyun,Shim Euddeum 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.12
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and clinical efficacy of a hybrid Greulich-Pyle (GP) and modified Tanner-Whitehouse (TW) artificial intelligence (AI) model for bone age assessment. Materials and Methods: A deep learning-based model was trained on an open dataset of multiple ethnicities. A total of 102 hand radiographs (51 male and 51 female; mean age ± standard deviation = 10.95 ± 2.37 years) from a single institution were selected for external validation. Three human experts performed bone age assessments based on the GP atlas to develop a reference standard. Two study radiologists performed bone age assessments with and without AI model assistance in two separate sessions, for which the reading time was recorded. The performance of the AI software was assessed by comparing the mean absolute difference between the AI-calculated bone age and the reference standard. The reading time was compared between reading with and without AI using a paired t test. Furthermore, the reliability between the two study radiologists’ bone age assessments was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and the results were compared between reading with and without AI. Results: The bone ages assessed by the experts and the AI model were not significantly different (11.39 ± 2.74 years and 11.35 ± 2.76 years, respectively, p = 0.31). The mean absolute difference was 0.39 years (95% confidence interval, 0.33– 0.45 years) between the automated AI assessment and the reference standard. The mean reading time of the two study radiologists was reduced from 54.29 to 35.37 seconds with AI model assistance (p < 0.001). The ICC of the two study radiologists slightly increased with AI model assistance (from 0.945 to 0.990). Conclusion: The proposed AI model was accurate for assessing bone age. Furthermore, this model appeared to enhance the clinical efficacy by reducing the reading time and improving the inter-observer reliability
BLOCK-TEXT MAPPING PROGRAMMING EDUCATION SYSTEM DESIGN
LEE YounJae,PARK Seungho,LEE Yoojin 한국디자인학회 2015 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
Recently, the importance of computer education has been emphasized world-widely, even requiring software development beyond just understanding the computer. It requires programming education, but novice learners feel a lot of difficulties in the process of learning a programming language. In analysis of conventional programming education systems, block-based system has been used for beginners, while text-based tutorial system has been used for specialized training. This study asserts that the block- based programming interface should be applied to the education system for beginners and proposes a new programming education system that combined the text-based tutorial system together.
Lee Ji Joo,Choe Young June,Jeong Hyeongseop,Kim Moonsu,Kim Seonggon,Yoo Hanna,Park Kunhee,Kim Chanhee,Choi Sojin,Sim JiWoo,Park Yoojin,Huh In Sil,Hong Gasil,Kim Mi Young,Song Jin Su,Lee Jihee,Kim Eun- 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.50
In November 2021, 14 international travel-related severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant of concern (VOC) patients were detected in South Korea. Epidemiologic investigation revealed community transmission of the omicron VOC. A total of 80 SARS-CoV-2 omicron VOC-positive patients were identified until December 10, 2021 and 66 of them reported no relation to the international travel. There may be more transmissions with this VOC in Korea than reported.