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자동착유시스템 설치농가의 설치 후 만족도에 관한 실태조사
기광석,김종형,정영훈,김윤호,박성재,김상범,이왕식,이현준,조원모,백광수,김현섭,권응기,김완영,여준모,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Jong-Hyeong,Jeong, Young-Hun,Kim, Yun-Ho,Park, Sung-Jai,Kim, Sang-Bum,Lee, Wang-Shik,Lee, Hyun-June,Cho, Won-Mo,Baek, Kwang- 한국축산환경학회 2011 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.17 No.1
본 시험은 국내에 도입되기 시작한 AMS에 대하여 설치 동기, 설치 후 우유생산량과우유품질, AMS 설치계기 및 설치 후 만족도, AMS 운영상 애로점 및 건의사항 등을 조사 분석하였다. 설치 계기가 무엇인가에 대한 응답비율은 노동력 부족 44%, 체험목장으로 전환 25%, 소들의 고능력화에 대응 19% 순이었으며 기타 6%였다. AMS 설치농가의 사육경력은 평균 24.9년, 평균 연령은 53.2세로 나타났으며 가족노동력만으로 경영하는 목장이 조사농가의 38%, 고용+자가노동력 형태의 목장이 63%로 나타났다. 목장의 산유능력은 두당 평균 유량은 1일 $30.9{\ell}$, 평균 유지율 3.9%, 세균수는 9.1천개/$m{\ell}$ 수준이었다. 후계자 육성에 대한 질문에 매우 그렇다라고 응답한 비율은 68%였으며, 보통 18%, 아니다와 매우 아니다라고 응답한 비율은 18%로 나타났다. 시스템 운영현황 및 애로사항을 파악하기 위하여 AMS의 프로그램 주운영자에 대한 질문에 본인 44%, 부인 6%, 자녀 또는 후계자사람이 44%, 기타 6%나 되었다. AMS 운영상 가장 어려운 점에 대한 조사결과, 기기 작동 및 복잡한 프로그램 운영이 각각 31%로 가장 많았다. 그 외 기계 에러 및 고장에 대한 애로사항이 25%이였다. 도태원인에 대하여 유방염 28%, 번식장애 20%, 발굽질환 19%, AMS에 부적합한 유두 배열 12%, 분만 후 대사성질병 7%, 노산 등 기타 14%였다. 시스템 설치 후 유지보수 계약 체결유무 및 비용에 대하여 유지보수 계약 56%, 유지 보수 계약 미체결 44%이었다. 유지보수 계약 평균 계약비용은 연간 658만원 정도였다. 시스템 설치 후 항목별 만족도에 대하여 5점 만점에 3.9점이었으며, 노동력 절감 3.7점, 업체의 A/S 3.6점, 산유량 증가 3.2점, 원유의 체세포 수 저감 2.8점이었다. 시스템 설치 시 고려사항 및 건의사항에 대하여 고가의 장비를 효율적으로 사용하기 위하여 젖소의 유방과 유두 배열이 적합하도록 젖소를 선발하는 것, 시스템을 운용할 수 있는 능력, 적합한 환경, 재정적 능력과 부지 확보, 지속적인 관찰 등이 권장되어야 할 것으로 나타났으며, 설치 업체에 대해서는 컨설팅이 체계화될 필요가 가장 높게 나타났으며 이어서 보다 저렴한 설치와 서비스의 체계화를 요구하는 결과를 보였다. The present survey was conducted to provide basic information on automatic milking system (AMS) in relation to purchase motive, milk yield and quality, customer satisfaction, difficulties of operation and customer suggestions, etc. Purchase motives of AMS were insufficient labor (44%), planning of dairy experience farm (25%), better performance of high yield cows (19%) and others (6%), respectively. Average cow performance after using AMS was 30.9l/d for milk yield, 3.9% for milk fat, 9,100/ml for bacterial counts. Sixty-eight percentage of respondents were very positive in response to AMS use for their successors but 18% were negative. The AMS operators were owner (44%), successor (44%), wife (6%) and company worker (6%), respectively. The most difficulty (31%) in using AMS was operating the system and complicated program manual. The rate of response to system error and breakdown was 25%. The reasons for culling cow after using AMS were mastitis (28%), reproduction failure (19%), incorrect teat placement (12%), metabolic disease (7%) and others (14%), respectively. Fifty-six percentages of the respondents made AMS maintenance contract and 44% did not. Average annual cost of the maintenance contract was 6,580,000 won. Average score for AMS satisfaction measurement (1 to 5 range) was 3.2 with decrease of labor cost 3.7, company A/S 3.6, increase of milk yield 3.2 and decrease of somatic cell count 2.8, respectively. Suggestions for the higher efficiency in using AMS were selecting cows with correct udder shape and teat placement, proper environment, capital and land, and attitude for continuous observation. Systematic consulting was highly required for AMS companies followed by low cost for AMS setup and systematization of A/S.
Seok Cheol Han,Hyo Jung Kang,Won Jae Lee,Hee Sup Chung,Jong Hyuk Lee 대한재활의학회 2020 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.44 No.2
Objective To investigate the articles in the Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine (ARM) using a bibliometric analysis to verify whether there is a correlation between the topics of interest for expert groups and the public media. Methods A total of 1,088 ARM articles from the third issue of 2011 to the third issue of 2019 were analyzed. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of the articles using conventional metrics (CM) and alternative metrics (AM). The CM was investigated by collating the type of publication, number of citations, and the specific field of rehabilitation medicine for each article. The AM was analyzed using the Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) provided by Altmetric, the leading AM company. The correlation between the number of citations and the AAS was tested using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results The combined ratio of original articles and case reports was over 90% in this study; however, the total distribution was significantly different compared to previous bibliometric studies (p<0.05). There were 233 articles that satisfied both conditions of at least one citation and at least one AAS point. The number of citations and the AAS were found to have a statistically significant positive linear correlation on a scatter plot (r=0.216, p=0.001). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between AM and CM, which means itis important to increase the dissemination of academic knowledge through the public media and increase the status of the journal by increasing the citation-related index.
Design and Fabrication of Hyperabrupt Varactor Diode on GaAs substrate
Seok-Gyu Choi,Yong-Hyun Baek,Tea-Jong Baek,Sun-Woo Park,Do-Hyun Kim,Wan-Joo Kim,Won-Young Uhm,Soon-Sik You,Y-W Kim,Sam-Dong Kim,Jin-Koo Rhee 대한전자공학회 2008 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1
In this paper, we have designed and fabricated hyperabrupt varactor diodes. Capacitance variations of hyperabrupt-doped varactor diodes are larger than those of uniform-doped varactor diodes. We adopted sensitivity S for the design of the hyperabrupt varactor diodes. The large S means the larger capacitance variations with biasing voltages. The measured reverse breakdown voltage of the fabricated varactor diodes was about 20 V. Also, the leakage current was 13 ㎁ at 20 V of reverse bias. The ideality factor was 1.15 at 300 K. For the anode contact diameter of 50 ㎛, the maximum capacitance of the fabricated varactor diode was 2.1 pF and the minimum capacitance 0.44 ㎊. Therefore, the Cmax/Cmin ratio was 4.77. Also, for the anode contact diameter of 60 ㎛, the maximum and minimum capacitances were 2.9 and 0.62 ㎊, respectively. And, thus, the Cmax/Cmin ratio was 4.64. The sensitivity of the fabricated varactor diodes (D=60 ㎛) was 2.37.
Framework for fair objective performance evaluation of single-image super-resolution algorithms
Won-Hee Kim,Jong-Seok Lee IET 2015 Electronics letters Vol.51 No.1
<P>Single-image super-resolution (SISR) is a technology to reconstruct a high-resolution image from a single low-resolution input image. The performance of SISR algorithms is usually evaluated by applying full-reference objective image quality assessment metrics. First, it is argued that the result of objective quality evaluation may become inconsistent with subjective quality assessment, depending on how the input low-resolution image is generated and how up-scaling during SISR is conducted. Since such inconsistency is due to subpixel-level misalignment between the original and output images, a framework is then proposed that compensates any spatial displacement between the two images and enables fair SISR performance evaluation using objective quality metrics.</P>
( Seok-jong Lee ),( Tae In Park ),( Joon Soo Park ),( Jae Bok Jun ),( Hye Won Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2019 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.57 No.9
Here we present a case of an unusual variant of keratoacanthoma, eruptive keratoacanthoma en plaque, occurring on the upper lip of a 58-year-old man. The lesion was a flesh-colored nodular plaque measuring 1.5×1.0 cm that rapidly grew within 2 months. After two biopsies, the cutaneous lesion grew more rapidly for 1 month, covering the entire cutaneous surface of the upper lip and measuring 6.0×2.0 cm. Thereafter, it disappeared without any treatment within 3 months, resulting in mild scarring with a cobblestone-like surface similar to the stereotypical involuting course of ordinary keratoacanthoma. In addition to the clinical features, the present case displayed essential diagnostic features of eruptive keratoacanthoma by showing typical spontaneous involution not reported in previous reports. Furthermore, it also revealed histopathology suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma, at least focally in addition to that of keratoacanthoma, which may evoke the potential for a misdiagnosis of malignancy. (Korean J Dermatol 2019;57(9):544∼547)
[P260] Identification of exophiala spinifera in korea
( Seok Min Kim ),( Dong Hyuk Eun ),( Min Ji Kim ),( Jun Young Kim ),( Yong Hyun Jang ),( Seok-jong Lee ),( Do Won Kim ),( Yong Jun Bang ),( Jae Bok Jun ),( Weon Ju Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1
Cutaneous, subcutaneous and systemic infection can be developed by genus Exophiala which is characterized by annellidic conidiogenesis. To identify genus Exophiala, morphological examination has proved unreliable in differentiation. The advent of gene sequencing technique including the analysis of sequence of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and ITS-RFLP analysis permitted much more differentiation of genus Exophiala. Although a few cases of Exophiala (E.) spinifera infection identified by molecular techniques as well as morphological features have also been reported in the world, there was no one in Korea. An 89-year-old female presented a tender, dark gray, scaly and verrucous plaque measuring 3 cm in diameter on the right wrist for several months. She has been infected with HIV. The lesion occurred after traumatic injury. There were pseudohyphae on KOH preparation and dark black, velvety colony on fungal culture using potato dextrose agar. On lactophenol cotton blue stain, there were long annellophores and annelloconidia. Skin biopsy showed dark brown yeast-like fungal elements and granulomatous infiltration in the dermis. Also, the sequencing analysis of the ITS region of rDNA identified E. spinifera depending on GenBank BLAST. The lesions have been resolving by oral fluconazole 50 mg qd for 3 months. We report a case with phaeohyphomycosis caused by E. spinifera newly identified in Korea.