Division of Household Labor in Post-Socialist China

Jiaxin Li,Jaeyoun Won 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2017 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.46 No.2

This paper investigates how the Post-1980s Generation Couples in China organize household labor in their home. The Post-1980s generation is the new post-socialist Chinese generation who were born after the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution and who enjoyed the wealth and prosperity of the new China. They are the products of one-Child policy as well as reform and opening up, and unlike previous generation, they have been under heavy market pressure to survive in the stressful workplace after the dismantling of their old, work-based welfare. By examining the new generation of couples in China, this paper explores the intersection between generation and gender division of labor in the family in post-socialist transformation. Based upon qualitative data from a city of Guangzhou, this paper discusses the three distinguishing features of division of household labor, 1) flexible arrangement, 2) devaluation of housework, and 3) the persistence of patriarchy.

Expression of selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPx5) in the epididymis of Small Tail Han sheep

Li, Ruilan,Fan, Xiaomei,Zhang, Tong,Song, Huizi,Bian, Xiaona,Nai, Rile,Li, Jinquan,Zhang, Jiaxin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.10

Objective: Selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase (GPx5) is specifically expressed in the mammalian epididymis and plays an important role in protecting sperm from reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation damage. This study investigates GPx5 expression in the epididymis of Small Tail Han sheep. Methods: GPx5 expression was studied in three age groups: lamb (2 to 3 months), young (8 to 10 months), and adult (18 to 24 months). The epididymis of each age group divided into caput, corpus and cauda, respectively. Analysis the expression quantity of GPx5 in epididymis and testis by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Finally, GPx5 protein locating in the epididymis by immunohistochemical. Results: The results demonstrate that in the lamb group, the GPx5 mRNA, but not protein, can be detected. GPx5 mRNA and expressed protein were detected in both the young and adult groups. Moreover, both the mRNA and protein levels of GPx5 were significantly higher in the young group than in other two groups. When the different segments of epididymis were investigated, GPx5 mRNA was expressed in each segment of epididymis regardless of age. Additionally, the mRNA level in the caput was significantly higher than that in corpus and cauda within same age group. The GPx5 protein was in the epithelial cells' cytoplasm. However, GPx5 mRNA and protein were not detected in the testis. Conclusion: These results suggest that GPx5 is mainly expressed in the epididymis of Small Tail Han sheep, and that the expression level of GPx5 is associated with age. Additionally, GPx5 was primarily expressed in the epithelial cells of the caput. Taken together, these studies indicate that GPx5 is expressed in the epididymis in all age grades.

Characterization of Newcastle disease virus obtained from toco toucan

Jiaxin Li,Mengmeng Ling,Yixue Sun,Haiyang Di,Yulin Cong,Haiying Yu,Yanlong Cong 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2

Given that the current Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in wild birds poses the threat to poultry, surveillance of Newcastle disease in captive wild birds was carried out in Jilin, China in 2018. Here, an NDV strain obtained from toco toucan was firstly characterized. The results showed that the F gene of the NDV isolate Toucan/China/3/2018 is classified as genotype II in class II. Sequence analysis of the F0 cleavage site was 113RQGR/L117, which supports the result of the intracerebral pathogenicity index assay indicating classification of the isolate as low-pathogenicity. Experimental infection demonstrated that Toucan/China/3/2018 can effectively replicate and transmit among chickens. To our knowledge, this is the first report on genetically and pathogenically characterizing NDV strain isolated from toucan, which enriches the epidemiological information of NDV in wild birds.

An electrochemical sensor based on graphene-chitosan-cyclodextrin modification for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus

Li Guochun,Li Jiaxin,Yang Ziyu 한국탄소학회 2024 Carbon Letters Vol.34 No.1

This study reports the synthesis of a novel graphene/chitosan/β-cyclodextrin composite material (GO/CS/β-CD) via a one-step chemical reduction method, which combines the advantages of graphene, chitosan, and β-cyclodextrin. The morphology and structure of the composite were characterized using various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. Subsequently, sortase A (SA) was immobilized onto the GO/CS/β-CD for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus. The sensor exhibited a good linear relationship within the concentration range of 30–300 CFU/mL, with a detection limit of 12 CFU/mL. The GO/CS/β-CD composite material showed enhanced properties due to the synergistic effect of graphene, chitosan, and β-cyclodextrin. The immobilization of sortase A onto the composite material improved the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor for the detection of S. aureus. This study presents a novel graphene/chitosan/β-cyclodextrin composite material with immobilized sortase A, demonstrating enhanced sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus, which has potential for the development of high-performance sensors in various fields.

Diabetes Mellitus and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Population-Based Study

Sen Li,Jiaxin Wang,Biao Zhang,Xinyi Li,Yuan Liu 대한당뇨병학회 2019 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.43 No.3

Background: To investigate whether diabetes contributes to mortality for major types of diseases. Methods: Six National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data cycles (1999 to 2000, 2001 to 2002, 2003 to 2004, 2005 to 2006, 2007 to 2008, and 2009 to 2010) and their linked mortality files were used. A population of 15,513 participants was included according to the availability of diabetes and mortality status. Results: Participants with diabetes tended to have higher all-cause mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular disease, influenza and pneumonia, and kidney disease. Confounder-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models showed that both diagnosed diabetes category (yes or no) and diabetes status (diabetes, prediabetes, or no diabetes) were associated with all-cause mortality and with mortality due to cardiovascular disease, chronic lower respiratory diseases, influenza and pneumonia, and kidney disease. No associations were found for cancer-, accidents-, or Alzheimer’s disease-related mortality. Conclusion: The current study’s findings provide epidemiological evidence that diagnosed diabetes at the baseline is associated with increased mortality risk due to cardiovascular disease, chronic lower respiratory diseases, influenza and pneumonia, and kidney disease, but not with cancer or Alzheimer’s disease.

Experimental and Numerical Research on the Laser Impact Welding of Ti/SS

Jiaxin Lu,Huixia Liu,Hao Jin,Feng Li,Xiaojun Wang,Xiao Wang 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.5

The welding of Ti/SS metal foil was realized by laser impact welding. The interface morphology and mechanical properties of welding specimens were studied by systematic experiments, and the experimental phenomena were revealed by smoothed particle hydrodynamics numerical simulation. Results indicated that the plastic deformation of the composite plate and the springback of the welding spot center were small under low laser pulse energy and enlarged under high laser pulse energy. Impinging jet, interface wave, and interface cracking were found at the micro-interface of the welding specimens. Increasing the laser pulse energy resulted in the transition of the interface waveform from straight to microwave and finally to wave primarily because of the change in interfacial impact pressure and effective plastic strain. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis showed that the trace element diff used at the welding interface, and no intermetallic compounds were formed. SPH simulation revealed that the thickness of the high-temperature layer was related to the thickness of the diffusion layer. As the distance between the test point and welding interface increased, the hardness decreased. The maximum tensile force of the welding specimens increased with laser pulse energy. The failure mode of the interface was welding spot edge fracture failure.

Synthesis of 1, 4, 7-triazaheptane derivative and its corrosion inhibition for mild steel in the hydrochloric medium

Jiaxin Wena,Xin Zhang,Jinlong Chen,Ting Liu,Yi Zhou,Lingjie Li 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.107 No.-

To exploit the advanced corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic solution, N, N, N, N, N′-pentakis (2-hydroxyethyl)-1,4,7-triazaheptane (PHET) was synthesized by a facile process, which was confirmed by FT-IR, NMR and EI-MS. Inhibition effect of PHET was examined on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl solution by using weight loss, electrochemical tests and surface analyses. The results showed that the optimal concentration of PHET in HCl solution was 400 mg/L corresponding to the inhibitive efficiency of 93% at 293 K. PHET presented superior and durable corrosion inhibition performance for mild steel. Meanwhile, PHET acted as a mixed-type inhibitor which affects both anodic and cathodic reactions of the corrosion process. PHET could be absorbed on mild steel through forming complexes with ferrous ions that acted as protective film, which was supported by UV–vis and XPS analyses. The adsorption process of PHET molecules on mild steel, following Langmuir adsorption isotherm, was an exothermal process and belonged to mixed adsorption mechanisms ( =-31.78 kJ mol−1, 293 K) between physisorption and chemisorption. Besides, theoretical calculations were conducted to give further investigation on the inhibition mechanism of PHET and elucidated the adsorption behaviour of PHET. PHET synthesized in this work also can be extended to use for the corrosion protection of other metals in acidic medium.

β-Cyclodextrin functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the removal of pharmaceutical residues in drinking water

Jiaxin Xu,Yuan Tian,Zibiao Li,Beng Hoon Tan,Karen Yuanting Tang,Kam Chiu Tam 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.109 No.-

Trace amounts of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are found in our water systems,and they are known to have adverse effects on wildlife and human at the ng/L to lg/L range, belowthe detection limit of most water analytical instruments. Methacrylate acid (MAA)-ethyl acrylate (EA)colloidal scaffolds were prepared via emulsion polymerization and used as templates for the in-situco-precipitation of Fe2+ to produce stable functional magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) (<500 nm) decoratedwith b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) (FMNP). Emulsion polymerization with the controlled addition of monomermixtures allowed for good size control, and silica coating was introduced to prevent the oxidation ofFMNP. The superparamagnetic FMNP with high saturation magnetization (33 emu/g) could be readilyseparated from water using a high gradient magnetic separator (HGMS). Procaine hydrochloride (PrHy)was used as a model pharmaceutical residue to evaluate the performance of the FMNP, and 53.65 mgPrHy/g FMNP was absorbed using 600 ppm FMNP. A fast (30 min) adsorption kinetic follows thePseudo-first-order kinetic model that described the physical adsorption through a 1 to 1 host–guestinclusion mechanism. And the adsorption behavior followed the Freundlich isotherm with a linearadsorption performance. The proposed system is scalable and adaptable to existing water treatment processes,and it can be used for the detection of low concentration pharmaceuticals via a pre-concentratingstrategy.

A Non-Linear Permanent Magnet Working Point Migration Model and its Application to Simulation of a Polarized Magnetic System

Bo Li,Huimin Liang,Jiaxin You,Fangyuan Xiong,Jan K. Sykulski 한국자기학회 2019 Journal of Magnetics Vol.24 No.3

The paper addresses the issue of the working point migration in non-linear permanent magnets (PM). Starting from the considerations of energy, a novel working-point migration (WPM) model is proposed which can be incorporated into a magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC). The basic theory of working-point migration is discussed which focus on the second quadrant of the magnetic hysteresis loop. The calculation method of the WPM model is proposed based on the relationship between the recoil line model and the affine transformation hysteresis loop. The establishment method for the resultant working point is described by combining the demagnetization curve and the recoil line models in the minor hysteresis loop. The static characteristic of a bistable polarized magnetic system (BPMS), as used in actuators, is calculated using the magnetic circuit method based on the WPM, while a finite element model (FEM) is also derived. The calculation method for the WPM used in MEC is also discussed. The WPM based MEC model yields reasonable results, compared with FEM, of the latching force but with much faster calculation speeds. Furthermore, the working-point state of the PM is clearly illustrated. The test system of the BPMS prototype is established. The test data and WPM model calculation results are compared. It is shown that the WPM model provides accurate prediction of static characteristics of an electromagnetic system.

p66Shc in sheep preimplantation embryos: Expression and regulation of oxidative stress through the manganese superoxide dismutase-reactive oxygen species metabolic pathway

Tong Zhang,Jiaxin Zhang,Ruilan Li Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.7

Objective: p66Shc, a 66 kDa protein isoform encoded by the proto-oncogene SHC, is an essential intracellular redox homeostasis regulatory enzyme that is involved in the regulation of cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis induction and the occurrence of multiple age-related diseases. This study investigated the expression profile and functional characteristics of p66Shc during preimplantation embryo development in sheep. Methods: The expression pattern of p66Shc during preimplantation embryo development in sheep at the mRNA and protein levels were studied by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining. The effect of p66Shc knockdown on the developmental potential were evaluated by cleavage rate, morula rate and blastocyst rate. The effect of p66Shc deficiency on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA oxidative damage and the expression of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase and manganese superoxide dismutase [MnSOD]) were also investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Results: Our results showed that p66Shc mRNA and protein were expressed in all stages of sheep early embryos and that p66Shc mRNA was significantly downregulated in the 4-to 8-cell stage (p<0.05) and significantly upregulated in the morula and blastocyst stages after embryonic genome activation (EGA) (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the p66Shc protein was mainly located in the peripheral region of the blastomere cytoplasm at different stages of preimplantation embryonic development. Notably, serine (Ser36)-phosphorylated p66Shc localized only in the cytoplasm during the 2- to 8-cell stage prior to EGA, while phosphorylated (Ser36) p66Shc localized not only in the cytoplasm but also predominantly in the nucleus after EGA. RNAi-mediated silencing of p66Shc via microinjection of p66Shc siRNA into sheep zygotes resulted in significant decreases in p66Shc mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05). Knockdown of p66Shc resulted in significant declines in the levels of intracellular ROS (p<0.05) and the DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy2'-deoxyguanosine (p<0.05), markedly increased MnSOD levels (p<0.05) and resulted in a tendency to develop to the morula stage. Conclusion: These results indicate that p66Shc is involved in the metabolic regulation of ROS production and DNA oxidative damage during sheep early embryonic development.