Energy Efficient Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial 5G Networks with Software Defined Features

Jiaxin Zhang,Xing Zhang,Muhammad Ali Imran,Barry G. Evans,Yan Zhang,Wenbo Wang 한국통신학회 2017 Journal of communications and networks Vol.19 No.2

In order to improve the manageability and adaptabilityof future 5G wireless networks, the software orchestration mechanism,named software defined networking (SDN) with controland user plane (C/U-plane) decoupling, has become one of themost promising key techniques. Based on these features, the hybridsatellite terrestrial network is expected to support flexibleand customized resource scheduling for both massive machinetype-communication (MTC) and high-quality multimedia requestswhile achieving broader global coverage, larger capacity and lowerpower consumption. In this paper, an end-to-end hybrid satelliteterrestrial network is proposed and the performance metrics, e. g., coverage probability, spectral and energy efficiency (SE andEE), are analysed in both sparse networks and ultra-dense networks. The fundamental relationship between SE and EE is investigated,considering the overhead costs, fronthaul of the gateway(GW), density of small cells (SCs) and multiple quality-ofservice(QoS) requirements. Numerical results show that comparedwith current LTE networks, the hybrid system with C/U split canachieve approximately 40% and 80% EE improvement in sparseand ultra-dense networks respectively, and greatly enhance thecoverage. Various resource management schemes, bandwidth allocationmethods, and on-off approaches are compared, and theapplications of the satellite in future 5G networks with softwaredefined features are proposed.

Ethnic Identification and Social Changes of the Rukai People, the Aborigines in Taiwan

Zhang Jiaxin 아시아사회과학학회 2021 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.2 No.3

The Rukai people are the aborigines of Taiwan who have lived in the Central Mountains for generations. They moved out of the foothills from the Japanese colonial rule and gradually integrated into modern society. In the classification and identification of ethnic groups, based on the ethnological studies of the Rukai by Japanese scholars Tadao Kano, Torii Ryūzō, and Nenozō Utsurikawa, the Rukai was once belonged to the branch of the Paiwan ethnic group, which is also the source of the difference between the “seven tribes” and the “nine tribes” in the classification of the ethnic groups in Taiwan. In the social history of Taiwan for nearly a hundred years, the traditional customs and culture of the Rukai people have been dispelled and reconstructed. With the rise of Taiwan’s “indigenous awareness” and “indigenous movement”, as well as the Taiwan authorities’ construction of view on “indigenous history” and “multiculturalism”, the tradition of the Rukai people has been revitalized, being also a tool for political games on the island of Taiwan.

HI, NON HIV

Zhang Jiaxin 한국콘텐츠학회 2020 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2020 No.11

HI, NON HIV

Zhang Jiaxin 한국콘텐츠학회 2020 한국콘텐츠학회 ICCC 논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

Automatic generation of synthetic datasets from a city digital twin for use in the instance segmentation of building facades

Zhang Jiaxin,Fukuda Tomohiro,Yabuki Nobuyoshi 한국CDE학회 2022 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.9 No.5

The extraction and integration of building facade data are necessary for the development of information infrastructure for urban environments. However, existing methods for parsing building facades based on semantic segmentation have difficulties in distinguishing individual instances of connected buildings. Manually collecting and annotating instances of building facades in large datasets is time-consuming and labor-intensive. With the recent development and use of city digital twins (CDTs), massive high-quality digital assets of buildings have been created. These assets make it possible to generate high-quality and cost-effective synthetic datasets that can replace real-world ones as training sets for the supervised learning-based instance segmentation of building facades. In this study, we developed a novel framework that can automatically produce synthetic datasets from a CDT. An auto-generation system for synthetic street views was built by rendering city digital assets in a game engine, while the system auto-generated the instance annotations for building facades. The hybrid dataset HSRBFIA, along with various subsets containing different proportions of synthetic and real data, were used to train deep learning models for facade instance segmentation. In our experiments, two types of synthetic data (CDT-based and virtual-based) were compared, and the results showed that the CDT synthetic data were more effective in boosting deep learning training with real-world images compared with the virtual synthetic data (no real-world counterparts). By swapping a certain portion of the real data with the proposed CDT synthetic images, the performance could almost match what is achievable when using the real-world training set.

p66Shc in sheep preimplantation embryos: Expression and regulation of oxidative stress through the manganese superoxide dismutase-reactive oxygen species metabolic pathway

Tong Zhang,Jiaxin Zhang,Ruilan Li Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.7

Objective: p66Shc, a 66 kDa protein isoform encoded by the proto-oncogene SHC, is an essential intracellular redox homeostasis regulatory enzyme that is involved in the regulation of cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis induction and the occurrence of multiple age-related diseases. This study investigated the expression profile and functional characteristics of p66Shc during preimplantation embryo development in sheep. Methods: The expression pattern of p66Shc during preimplantation embryo development in sheep at the mRNA and protein levels were studied by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining. The effect of p66Shc knockdown on the developmental potential were evaluated by cleavage rate, morula rate and blastocyst rate. The effect of p66Shc deficiency on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA oxidative damage and the expression of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase and manganese superoxide dismutase [MnSOD]) were also investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Results: Our results showed that p66Shc mRNA and protein were expressed in all stages of sheep early embryos and that p66Shc mRNA was significantly downregulated in the 4-to 8-cell stage (p<0.05) and significantly upregulated in the morula and blastocyst stages after embryonic genome activation (EGA) (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the p66Shc protein was mainly located in the peripheral region of the blastomere cytoplasm at different stages of preimplantation embryonic development. Notably, serine (Ser36)-phosphorylated p66Shc localized only in the cytoplasm during the 2- to 8-cell stage prior to EGA, while phosphorylated (Ser36) p66Shc localized not only in the cytoplasm but also predominantly in the nucleus after EGA. RNAi-mediated silencing of p66Shc via microinjection of p66Shc siRNA into sheep zygotes resulted in significant decreases in p66Shc mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05). Knockdown of p66Shc resulted in significant declines in the levels of intracellular ROS (p<0.05) and the DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy2'-deoxyguanosine (p<0.05), markedly increased MnSOD levels (p<0.05) and resulted in a tendency to develop to the morula stage. Conclusion: These results indicate that p66Shc is involved in the metabolic regulation of ROS production and DNA oxidative damage during sheep early embryonic development.

技术性贸易壁垒对农产品出口的影响分析

张,佳欣(Jiaxin Zhang),周云鹏,(Yunpeng Zhou) 동북아경상학회 2021 동북아경상연구 Vol.2 No.1

自古以来中国与韩国的往来关系十分密切,我国作为农业大国农产品出口是我国的一项重要外贸业务,而韩国作为我们的邻国与我国隔海相望自然而然的成为我国的重要的农产品进口国。自21世纪初以来,快速发展的农业令我国农业产品对外输出的数额不断增加,由于我国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)的缘故我国对外出口同样会受到技术性贸易壁垒的影响。因此技术性贸易壁垒变为我国农产品输出世界销往全球的巨大障碍,也是我国农产品贸易国际化的最大绊脚石。本论文通过使用Eviews11.0对近年来中韩农产品贸易的情况以及韩国通报的TBT与SPS数量进行多元线性回归模型分析,以此找到技术性贸易壁垒与我国农业产品输出韩国数额之间的因果关系。并且对于分析的结果提出有利于中国农产品输出发展的方法,对技术性贸易壁垒的学术研究和政策实施都有一定的借鉴意义。 Purpose - The purpose of this paper is using Eviews 11.0 to analyze the situation of agricultural products trade between China and South Korea in recent years, and the number of TBT and SPS reported by South Korea, this paper finds the causal relationship between TBT and the amount of agricultural products exported to South Korea. And for the results of the analysis, this paper puts forward some methods that are conducive to the development of China s agricultural products export, which has a certain reference significance for the academic research and policy implementation of TBT. Design/Methodology/Approach - Based on the situation of agricultural products trade between China and South Korea in recent years and the number of TBT and SPS reported by South Korea Findings - This paper studies the causal relationship between technical barriers to trade and the export amount of China s agricultural products to South Korea. Research Implications - The paper puts forward the methods which are beneficial to the development of agricultural products export in China, which can be used for reference for the academic research and policy implementation of technical barriers to trade.

Combination of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Lipoprotein(a) as a Predictor of Collateral Circulation in Patients With Severe Unilateral Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis or Occlusion

Shuyin Ma,Meijuan Zhang,Huiyang Qu,Yuxuan Cheng,Shuang Du,Jiaxin Fan,Qingling Yao,Xiao Dong Zhang,Mengying Chen,Nan Zhang,Kaili Shi,Yizhou Huang,Shuqin Zhan 대한신경과학회 2022 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.18 No.1

Background and Purpose Collateral circulation is considered an important factor affecting the risk of stroke, but the factors that affect collateral circulation remain unclear. This study was performed to identify the factors associated with collateral circulation, especially blood lipids. Methods The study involved patients who had undergone digital subtraction angiography and were confirmed as having severe unilateral stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA). We classified the collateral circulation status of each patient as good (Grade 3 or 4) or poor (Grade 0, 1, or 2) according to the grading system of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/American Society of Interventional Radiology. We collected data on patients’ characteristics and identified the factors that affect collateral circulation. Results This study included 212 patients. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration and a complete anterior half of the circle of Willis were independent protective factors for good collateral circulation, whereas elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and serum creatinine concentrations were independent risk factors for good collateral circulation. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.76) for HDL-C and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.62–0.76) for Lp(a). A binary logistic regression model analysis of the joint factor of HDL-C and Lp(a) yielded an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71–0.84). Conclusions In patients with severe unilateral ICA stenosis or occlusion, the combination of HDL-C and Lp(a) is a useful predictor of collateral circulation.

Synthesis of 1, 4, 7-triazaheptane derivative and its corrosion inhibition for mild steel in the hydrochloric medium

Jiaxin Wena,Xin Zhang,Jinlong Chen,Ting Liu,Yi Zhou,Lingjie Li 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.107 No.-

To exploit the advanced corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic solution, N, N, N, N, N′-pentakis (2-hydroxyethyl)-1,4,7-triazaheptane (PHET) was synthesized by a facile process, which was confirmed by FT-IR, NMR and EI-MS. Inhibition effect of PHET was examined on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl solution by using weight loss, electrochemical tests and surface analyses. The results showed that the optimal concentration of PHET in HCl solution was 400 mg/L corresponding to the inhibitive efficiency of 93% at 293 K. PHET presented superior and durable corrosion inhibition performance for mild steel. Meanwhile, PHET acted as a mixed-type inhibitor which affects both anodic and cathodic reactions of the corrosion process. PHET could be absorbed on mild steel through forming complexes with ferrous ions that acted as protective film, which was supported by UV–vis and XPS analyses. The adsorption process of PHET molecules on mild steel, following Langmuir adsorption isotherm, was an exothermal process and belonged to mixed adsorption mechanisms ( =-31.78 kJ mol−1, 293 K) between physisorption and chemisorption. Besides, theoretical calculations were conducted to give further investigation on the inhibition mechanism of PHET and elucidated the adsorption behaviour of PHET. PHET synthesized in this work also can be extended to use for the corrosion protection of other metals in acidic medium.

Novel Design and Research for a High-retaining-force, Bi-directional, Electromagnetic Valve Actuator with Double-layer Permanent Magnets

You Jiaxin,Zhang Kun,Zhu Zhengwei,Liang Huimin 한국자기학회 2016 Journal of Magnetics Vol.21 No.1

To increase the retaining force, a novel design for a concentric, bi-directional, electromagnetic valve actuator that contains double-layer permanent magnets is presented in this paper. To analyze the retaining-force change caused by the magnets, an equivalent magnetic circuit (EMC) model is established, while the EMC circuit of a double-layer permanent-magnet valve actuator (DLMVA) is also designed. Based on a 3D finite element method (FEM), the calculation model is built for the optimization of the key DLMVA parameters, and the valve-actuator optimization results are adopted for the improvement of the DLMVA design. A prototype actuator is manufactured, and the corresponding test results show that the actuator satisfies the requirements of a high retaining force under a volume limitation; furthermore, the design of the permanent magnets in the DLMVA allow for the attainment of both a high initial output force and a retaining force of more than 100 N.