유관속 식물 분류의 강과 생태형에 따른 잎 전후면의 기공 분포

鄭宇珪,成敏雄,尹福任 慶尙大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

관속실물 118종이 잎 전후면의 기공분포와 생태학적 식물형과 계통 분류와의 연관성을 찾기 위하여 1987년부터 1988년까지 2년에 걸쳐 경상대학교 가좌 캠퍼스 내의 식물을 채집하여 잎 전후면의 기공분포를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 고사리류는 기공이 잎의 후면에만 분포하였다. 나자식물, 외떡잎식물, 쌍떡잎식물에서는 잎의 전후면에 기공이 분포하였으며, 기공 분포 비율은 잎 후면에서 각각 66%, 66%및 85%로 높게 나타났다. 2. 나자식물 8종 중에서 소철, 은행나무, 주목 및 전나무 4종은 잎 후면에만 기공이 분포하였고, 평균적으로 전면 43, 후면 65였다. 3. 외떡잎식물 34종의 경우 잎 전면에만 기공이 분포하는 식물은 가래와 죽순대 2종이었고, 후면에만 기공이 분포하는 식물은 백합, 청미래덩굴, 보춘화 및 닭의 난초 4종이었다. 나머지 31종은 잎 전후면에 기공이 분포하였고, 평균 전면 58, 후면 92였다. 4. 쌍떡잎 식물 70여종 중에서 38종은 기공이 잎의 후면에만 존재하였고, 나머지 32종은 전후면에 모두 분포하고 있었고, 평균 전면 27 후면 175이었다. 5. 초본과 목본의 비교에서 기공수는 잎의 후면에서는 목본이 158(85%)개로 초본 120(68%)개 보다 많았고, 잎 전면에서는 목본이 14(15%)개로 초본 58(30%)개 보다 적었다. 상록수와 낙엽수 비교해서 잎의 후면에서는 낙엽수가 201(99%)개로 상록수 126(75%)개 보다 많았고, 전면에서는 상록수가 12(16%)개로 낙엽수 3(1%)개 보다 많았다. 6. 다육식물과 비다육식물 비교해서 기공 분포는 다육 식물의 경우 ㎟단위 면적당 평균 기공 수가 잎 전면에서 33개, 잎 후면에서 34(50%)개, 길이는 각각41㎛로 잎 전후면이 유사하게 나타났다. 비다육식물은 ㎟단위 면적당 평균 기공 수가 잎 전면에서 36(19%)개, 잎 후면에서 149(81%)개로 잎 후면이 높게 나타났다. 7. 잎 전후면 1㎟당 분포하는 평균 기공 수를 합친 기공 수는 속새강 114개, 고사리류 104개, 나자식물 108개, 외떡잎식물 140개, 쌍떡잎식물 203개로 하등에서 고등으로 갈수록 기공 수가 높게 나타났다. A total of 118 species of vascular plants collected at Kajoa Campus, Gyeongsang National University from 1987 to 1988 was observed to determine their systematic relations and ecological plant form by analyzing the distribution of the stomata on both sides of the leaves. 1. The stomata were distributed only on lower surface of leaves in Filicinae, but they were found on both upper and lower surface of leaves in Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae and Dicotyledoneae. The stomatal distribution on lower surface of leaves apperared high 66% in Gymnospermae, 66% in Monocotyledonae and 66% in Dicotyledonae of the total number of stomata on both upper and lower surfaces of leaves. 2. The stomata were distributed only on lower surface of leaves in Cycas revoluta, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus cuspidata and Abies holophylla, but they were found on upper surface of leaves in pinus koraiensis, among eight species of Gymnospermae. The average number was 43 on upper surface and 65 on lower surface of leaves. 3. The stomata were distributed only on upper surface of leaves in Potamogeton distinctus and Phyllostachys pubescens, they were found on lower surface of leaves in Lilium longiflorunn, Smilax china, Cymbidium goeringii and Epipactis thunbergii, and they were distributed on both upper and lower surfaces of leaves in twenty- eight of the other thirty-five species of Monocotyledoneae. The average number was 58 on upper surface and 92 on lower surface of leaves. 4. The stomata were distributed only on lower surface of leaves in thirty-eight species in total of seventy species of Dicotyledoneae and they were found upper and lower surfaces of leaves in thirty-two species of all seventy species of Dicotyledoneae. The average number was 27 on upper surface and 175 on lower surface of leaves. 5. The stomatal number, or 158(85%) on lower surface of leaves in wood plant was higher in distribution than that or 120(68%) on lower surface of leaves in the herbaceous. The stomatal number, or 14(15%), on upper surface of leaves in wood plant was smaller in distribution than stomatal number, or 58(30%) on upper the herbaceous. The stomatal number, or 201(99%) on lower surfaces of leaves was more densely distributed in deciduous trees than the stomatal number, or 126(75%) on lower surface of leaves in evergreen trees, The stomatal number, or 12(16%) on upper surface was more densely distributed in evergreen trees than the stomatal number, or 3(1%), on the upper surface of leaves in deciduous trees. 6. The succulent plant was equal in number and size of stomata on both upper and lower surflaces of leaves. In other words it had 33-34 Stomata (50%) respecitively and 41μm length in size of stomata. But the non-succulent plant hard 36 stomata(19%) on the upper surface of leaves and 149(81%) stomata on the lower surface of leaves. The number and size of stomata in the succulent plant appeared similar in comparison with those in the non-succulent plant. 7. The total number of stoamta per ㎟ on both upper and lower surfaces was 114 in Equisetineae, 104 in Fern, 108 in Gymnospermal, 140 in Monocotyledoneae and 203 in Dicotyledoneae. The stomatal number proved to be more and more increasely in sequence of Equisetineae, Filicinae, Gymospermae, Momocotyledoneae, and Dicotyledoneae.

腰痛에 對한 東醫學的 病理 및 臨床治療(I)

尹汝忠,鄭遇悅,羅昌洙,鄭鉉雨 대한동의병리학회 1996 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.10 No.2

현재 인류의 60% - 80%가 腰痛을 앓고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 腰痛을 치료하기 위하여 《黃帝內徑》 이래 많은 醫家들과 현재의 臨床家들이 다방면의 治療療法 개발 및 臨床例들을 보고하고 있으나, 아직까지도 대다수의 국민들이 腰痛을 호소하고 있다. 이에 본 연구자들은 이러한 腰痛에 대한 病因, 病機 및 治法들을 연구하여 臨床家들에게 조금이나마 도움이 되었으면 하여 보고하게 되었다. 東西醫學的으로 腰痛의 개념을 정립하고, 《東醫寶鑑》에 準하여 腰痛의 種類, 腰痛의 原因 및 病理機轉, 또한 病程에 따른 東西醫學的인 分類, 治療方法, 治療藥物, 그리고 攝生과 豫防法에 대하여 정리하였다. 腰痛의 原因으로는 寒濕과 房營傷이 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로는 風熱, 營養缺乏, 慢性疾患등이 있었으며, 病理機轉으로는 嗜慾勞傷, 挫閃跌墜등이 있었다. 그리고 十種腰痛과 卒腰痛, 久腰痛으로 분류하여 溫補腎陽, 行氣活血 등의 治法들을 사용하였다. 西醫學的으로는 急性 腰部捻挫, 慢性腰部捻挫, 椎間板脫出症등으로 大別되며, 이러한 腰痛을 예방하기 위하여서는 좋은 자세를 유지하는 것이 가장 중요하다. Lumbago is painess of lumbar region or lower limb, and this disease is classified backache, lumbosacral pain, lumbocrural pain. Lumbage is very common, with up to 60% to 80% of population, this disease is one of a lots painess giving on population. The resul of study on lumbago's agent, pathogenesis, symptoms of disease, principle of treatment, and therapy were as follows : 1. Agents of lombago were cool-dampness pathogenic factor, sexual strain, and wind-heat pathogenic factor, hypoalimemtation, chronic disease etc. 2. Pathogenesises of lombago were six climatic, seven emotions, internal injury caused by overstrain, sprain etc. 3. In Oriental medicine, symptoms of lumbago were lumbago due to the kidney deficiency, lumbago due to retention of phlegm, lumbago due to retention of food, lumbago due to blood stasis, lumbago due to pathogen, lumbago due to cool pathogen etc. 4. In Western medicine, symptoms of lumbago were acute lumba muscle strain, chronic lumba muscle strain, disc etc. 5. Principles of treatment of lumbago were promoting flow of qi(氣) and blood circulation, warming and recuperating the kidney-yang(陽) etc. 6. Therapies of lumbago were acupuncture, medicayion, electrotherapy, chiroplatic, coll and heat therapy etc. 7. Herbs were radix achyranthis, caulis cistanchis, cornu cervi parvum, cornu cervi, cortex eucommiae, semen cuscutae, semen psoraleae etc. 8. In order to prevent lumbago, the best priciple is maintain good attitude.

포화수증기압 개념에 대한 예비 과학 교사들의 이해

정진우,박세진,김윤지 韓國敎員大學校 敎育硏究院 2009 敎員敎育 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구는 예비과학교사들이 포화수증기압 개념을 설명하는 과정에서 나타나는 이해를 밝히고자 하였다. 과학교육을 전공하는 여섯 명의 예비과학교사들을 대상으로 포화수증기압에 대한 설명을 요구하는 반구조화된 면담이 이루어졌다. 전사된 면담 내용과 비디오자료, 그리고 설명 과정에서 그려진 스케치 자료를 분석하여 참여자의 이해를 구조화하였다. 연구 결과, 예비과학교사가 대기 중의 물 개념을 설명하는 과정에서 다양한 이해가 표출되었다. 포화수증기압에 대한 이해로 분자운동론적 설명, 대기의 영향을 고려한 분자운동론적 설명, 기화압력을 이용한 설명, 확산 개념을 이용한 설명, 수증기의 공간을 한정시키는 설명이 나타났다. 예비과학교사들은 포화수증기압 개념에 대해 다양한 대안 개념을 가지고 있으며, 물의 상태 변화에 대한 분자운동론적 이해와 포화수증기압 개념을 통한 이해가 서로 연결되지 못하고 있음을 보여주었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the understandings that represent that, in this course, the preservice science teachers have explained the concept of saturation vapor pressure. To do so, semi-structured interviews that requested students to explain saturation vapor pressure to six preservice science teachers were carried out. The preservice science teachers' understanding of the material was constructed by analyzing transcribed protocols, video tapes, and sketches that were drawn during the explanation. As a result of the research, a variety of understandings was discovered when the preservice science teachers explained the concept of atmospheric water. Understandings about saturation vapor pressure include the idea of molecular motion; the molecular motion model is considered to influence atmospheric pressure, the evaporation pressure model, the diffusion model and the limited space model. Preservice science teachers had alternative conceptions of saturation vapor pressure. The understanding of saturation vapor pressure and the understanding of the molecular motion model describing the change of water state are not connected.

중학생들의 지하수에 대한 이해

정진우,박순옥,김윤지 韓國敎員大學校 敎育硏究院 2009 敎員敎育 Vol.25 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 중학생들의 공간능력에 따른 지하수에 대한 이해를 알아보는데 있다. 공간능력 상·중·하 수준의 각 학년 2명씩 총 18명의 중학생들이 그린 지하수에 대한 그림과 면담 자료로부터 지하수에 대한 이해를 지하수의 정의,지하수의 형성,지하수의 존재,지하수의 이동으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 다수의 학생들이 지하수라는 단어의 뜻을 추측하여 지하수를 정의하였고,지하수의 형성 과정에 대한 이해가 부족하였으며,지하수가 이동하지 않는 호수와 물탱크 형태로 존재한다고 생각했다. 연구 결과에서 대부분의 학생들이 지하수의 개념에 대한 이해의 어려움을 보였으며,공간 능력에 따른 이해도의 차이는 크지 않았다. The purpose of this research is to analyze the middle school students' understandings of groundwater according to their spatial ability. Students' drawings of groundwater and interviews were used for the analysis. The results of students' understandings of groundwater were classified into four categories; definition, process of forming, existent shape, and movement of groundwater. Many of the students defined the groundwater by guessing the word 'underground'. They lacked in understanding the process for the occurrence of groundwater. They also thought that the groundwater didn't move, but is stored in the shape of lakes or water tanks. Research results show that most of the students have difficulty in understanding the concept of groundwater, and that their understanding of groundwater don't have large differences, even though they have different levels of the spatial sensibility.

과도 절삭에서의 절삭 공정 시뮬레이션

고정훈,조동우,윤원수,김주한 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.-

In most of the existing mechanistic models, the cutting process simulation is often restricted to a single path machining operation under a fixed cutting condition. Complex cutting processes such as die or mold manufacturing, however, are performed under two- or three-dimensional multiple tool paths. Since the tool paths in CNC machining are composed of line and arc segments, transient cuts are frequently occured due to the multiple paths. Even in steady cuts, the width of cut is varied with each segment. In this regard, this paper deals with the development of process simulation system for transient cuts, where continuously changing cutting configuration is computed, and then the cutting forces are predicted.

소구경 미세홈 고속가공시 가공환경변화에 따른 가공성 평가

정연행,이채문,강명창,이득우,김정석 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

High speed machining is one of most effective technologies to improve productivity. It can give great advantage for manufacture of die and Moulds. However, when the high speed machining of materials, especially in machining of micro groove, a severely thermal demage was generated on workpiece and tool. Generally, the cutting fluid is used to improve penetration, lubrication, and cooling effect. In order to rise the performance of lubrication, it contains extreme pressure agents (CI, S, P). But the environment of work room go bad by those additive. Therefore, the compressed chilly air with Oil mist system was developed to replace the conventional cutting fluid system. This paper carried out the tests to evaluate the machinability by the cutting environment in high speed micro groove machining of NAK80 (HRC40). Compressed chilly air with oil mist was ejected on the contact area between cutting edge and workpiece. The effectiveness of this developed compressed chilly air with oil mist system was evaluated in terms of tool life. The results showed that the tool life of carbide tool coated TiAIN with compressed chilly air mist cooling was much longer than with dry and flood coolant when cutting the material.

Optical Hough Transform을 이용한 선분의 위치와 길이 추출

김정우,김종윤 東洋大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 東洋大學校 産業技術硏究所 論文集 Vol.1 No.1

In this paper, we proposed the new method of extracting the position and the length of the input-line by using only two parameters (θ,ρ) from the HT data. The computer simulations and the optical experiments by using the HT CGH(Computer Generated Hologram) filter are performed. The results of experiments are very similar to those of the computer simulation.

新農村建設(定住生活圈開發)을 위한 理論的 考察 및 開發需要調査

金鴻允,李弘柱,鄭禮杓,全禹亭,趙興洙,李信昊,全榮吉 안성산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Rural of Koreas has rapidly changed through the process of industrialization and urbanization. During past 30 years, development differences between urban and rural, metroplitan area and area derived from a highly economic growth, bring about dual specialization that deepens overpopulation and sparsity. Therefore, with a new concern about rural, necessity of rural development policy that developes a settlement and life area for settlement for ensuing stablized settlement and living activity of rural people, has been drived step by step. For rural welfare establishment that is settled and good hereafter, this study aims at attempting a theoretical approach about the way of development for rural settlement as a new rural development strategy through examination of today's rural reality, under assumption that rural people must be able to obtain stable jobs and to be pleasant without leaving rural area, and rural settlement to be able to enjoy urban advantages must be realized. Therefore, items that must be obtained basically rural area to be a human settlement space are equipment connected with a dwelling house, production, consumption, job relaxation, infrastructure connected with transportation or communication network and environment. By the way, the best function of a human settlement space makes a basic pleasant settlement area to be in the middle of that. Then rationalization of land use must be realized as being a best condition for human life around space of a dewelling house. Besides, spacial accessibility about all equipment of inhabitants must be easy. That is, economic distance, social distance and cultural distance as well as spacial distance must be included. Also, those spacial functions must be realized on a basis of suitable enironment for a human settlement life. At the same tiem, the upper area must be connected with the lower area as the system of spacial settlement in settlement space. But truely, as rural people can't satisfy with services of the surrounding rural areas, they desire better city or metroplitan. The these problems bring about inequality between urban and rural. Therefore, here are urgent reasons that must be done rearing of rural central town and rural integrated development of unit area. So, these dys, to correct maldistribution of land use and inequality of settlement space that Korean society faces on, new strategies of rural integrated development for lift area for settlement than gives the meaning. That rural areas become like a place for human settlement life will be able to be chosen in the view of humanism. The say of thinking of rural residents(Jukans-myun, Anseong-gun, Kyeonggi-do) was surveyed in order to develop new rural settlement planning. From the data collected in this survey, rural life-style, view on traditional rural life, agriculture, farming, agri-policy, social attitude, and degree of satifaction of rural life, etc, were analyzed. Firstly, most of rural residents interviewed in this survey have the opinion of not leaving their home village if living conditions improved to a reasonable level in the near future. In decision-making process of village affairs, they want to participate actively and equally. Secondly, in spite of their acceptance of agriculture as a vital sector destined to national security, most of them think that framing should be little of promise. Thirdly, they have the negative attitude to urban-oriented social valued and also to the agricultural policy, while seeking consolation through human and traditional viewing of rural life style. Therefore, in the development of new rural settlement model, idea-making should be directed to the betterment of communal value of village life, stability of rural economy, rationalization of rural life style and enhancement of rural-type happiness.

CGH와 위상 마스크를 이용한 영상 보안 및 개인 인증

金正雨,金鍾允 동양대학교 2000 동양대학교 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

A new image encoding and identification scheme is proposed for security verification by using CGH(computer generated hologram), random phase mask, and correlation technique. The encrypted image, which is attached to the security product, is made by multiplying QPH(quadratic phase hologram) using SA(simulated annealing) algorithm with a random phase function. The random phase function plays a role of key when the encrypted image is decrypted. The encrypted image could be optically recovered by 2-f system and automatically verified for personal identification. Simulation results show the proposed method can be used for the reconstruction and the recognition of the encrypted image.

완전대혈관 전위의 심방내 교정술 후 추적 관찰

김연우,노정일,허준,윤명자,김호성,최정연,윤용수,양세원,이정렬,김용진,노준량 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.5