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A Study on Prevalence and Risk Factors for Varicose Veins in Nurses at a University Hospital
윤명자,김영기,강동묵,김종은,하원춘,정갑열,최현우 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.1
Background: Lower-limb varicose veins (VVs) are common and known to have a higher prevalence among people who work in occupations requiring prolonged standing. In the Republic of Korea, however, VV-related occupational factors have seldom been examined. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of VVs among nurses, an occupational group considered to be at high risk of VVs, and determine the occupational risk factors of prolonged standing. Methods: Between March and August 2014, a questionnaire survey coupled with Doppler ultrasonography was conducted on the nurses working at a university hospital. Results: A total of 414 nurses participated in the survey and diagnostic testing. From the survey analysis and test results, the prevalence of VVs in nurses was estimated to be 16.18%. Significant factors for venous reflux were age [odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 1.03e1.10], pregnancy (OR ¼ 2.15, 95% CI ¼ 1.17e3.94), and delivery (OR ¼ 2.02, 95% CI ¼ 1.08e3.78). The statistical significance of these factors was verified after risk adjustment for sociodemographic factors (OR ¼ 3.40, 95% CI ¼ 1.27e9.09). Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with venous reflux were increasing age and prolonged working hours ( 4 hours) in a standing position (OR ¼ 2.80, 95% CI ¼ 1.08e7.25), even after risk adjustment for sociodemographic factors. This study is significant in that an objective diagnosis of VVs preceded the analysis of the risk factors for VV incidence, thus verifying objectively that VVs are associated with occupations requiring prolonged hours of working in a standing position.
윤명자,김연하,김형진,송제호,유동희,설정덕,소홍섭,박래길,전호성 한의병리학회 2009 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.23 No.6
Coptidis rhizoma (huanglian) is an herb that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine that has recently been shown to possess anticancer activity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of this herb is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of a combination of CR extract and arsenic trioxide, as well as the apoptotic pathway associated with its mechanism of action in human lung cancer H157 cells. Combined treatment of H157 cells with CR extract and arsenic trioxide resulted in significant apoptotic death. In addition, combined treatment with CR extract and arsenic trioxide acted in concert to induce a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic p53 and Bax protein, which resulted in activation of caspases and apoptosis. CR extract combined with arsenic trioxide also increased the lipid peroxidation, mRNA expression of DR4 and DR5 and caspase-8 activity. These data indicate that combined treatment with CR extract and arsenic trioxide enhanced apoptotic cell death in H157 cells through diverse pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction and death receptors, particularly DR4 and DR5. Thus, this treatment may be an effective from of chemotherapy.
윤명자,박성열,박찬희,김진경,김윤하,김은숙,문병순,소홍섭,박래길 한의병리학회 2008 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.22 No.2
Dodam formula (Dodam) has been used for neurodegenerative disease in Oriental medicine. Dodam is capable of protecting diverse kinds of cells from damage caused by a variety of toxic stimuli. In the present study, we investigated the underlying protective mechanism of Dodam on rotenone-induced cytotoxicity in rat neuroblastoma Neuro-2A cells. Treatment with Neuro-2A cells with rotenone caused the loss of cell viability, and condensation and fragmentation of nuclei, which was associated with the elevation of ROS level, and lipid peroxidation, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Rotenone induced mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by mitochondrial membrane potential loss and cytochrome-c release. These phenotypes induced by rotenone were reversed by pretreatment with Dodam. Our results suggested that major features of rotenone-induced neurotoxicity are partially mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and that Dodam markedly protects Neuro-2A cells from oxidative injury. These data indicated that Dodam might provide a useful therapeutic strategy in treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases caused by oxidative injuries.