Spatio-temporal trend and change point detection of winter temperature of North Bengal, India

Jayanta Das,Tapash Mandal,Piu Saha 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.4

The trend of temperature and homogeneity are the most significant issue for climate change allied research. This research aims to identify the long-term trend and change point detection of winter maximum (tmax), minimum (tmin) and average (tmean) temperature of six meteorological stations of North Bengal, India using 102 years’ time series data (1915–2016). To detect the monotonic trend and the rate of change, non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimator were used. Homogeneity of winter temperature was studied using Buishand’s range test (B test) and Pettit’s test (P test). From the results, it was observed that most of the stations were showed significant (P\0.05) warming trend in winter season. The rate of increasing was highest at station English Bazar in the month of December. On the other hand, significant changed of winter tmax and tmean occurred in around 1959 and 1952 respectively, while for tmin it was quite late, occurred in the year 1988. The populations of North Bengal who are dependent on temperature- related primary economic activities are getting benefitted from this study. In addition, these analyses will be helpful for policymakers and scientist to focus on microlevel planning and sustainable Rabi crops management in this region.

Trend analysis of long-term climatic parameters in Dinhata of Koch Bihar district, West Bengal

Jayanta Das,Sudip Kumar Bhattacharya 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.3

The monthly, seasonal and annual trends for five climatic parameters, such as rainfall, rainy days, temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours were analyzed for the period of 1980–2015. The objective of this study was to detect the long term trend of climatic parameters of the study area. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimators methods were used to determine whether there was a positive or negative trend in weather data with their statistical significance. The study area is characterized by high rainfall, receives an annual average rainfall of 3005 ± 820 mm, with an inter-annual variation 27% but analysis of long-term trends in the annual rainfall indicates a decreasing trend (- 14.31 mm year-1) and annual rainy days also significantly decreased (- 0.63 days year-1). In terms of seasonal rainfall, the pre-monsoon and monsoon months exhibited non-significant declining trends, while post monsoon months marginally increased. The result showed significant (P\0.05) warming trend in annual minimum and mean temperature at the rate of 0.14 and 0.05 C year-1 respectively and also showed similar significant (P\0.05) increasing trend in summer (0.05 C year-1) and winter (0.07 C year-1) mean temperature. Decrease in maximum temperature during all the months except September and annual maximum temperature (- 0.04 C year-1) is evident. The study area is experiencing a significant increasing trend in maximum (0.36% year-1), minimum (0.52% year-1) and mean relative humidity (0.13% year-1), with a significant decreasing trend of sunshine hours in pre monsoon (- 0.03 h day-1), post monsoon (- 0.04 h day-1) and mean (- 0.03 h day-1).

Anthelmintic activity of Clerodendrum viscosum

Jayanta Kumar Das,S. Choudhury,S. Adhikary,B. Das,S. Samanta,S. C. Mandal,S. P. Dey 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.2

The juice of the fresh leaves of Clerodendrum viscosum is widely used in the treatment of helminthiasis in folklore medicine. In this present study we have investigated the folklore claim methodically and scientifically. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves and roots of the plant are tested against Pheretima posthuma & Ascardia galli to ascertain their anthelmintic potential. All the extracts showed significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner; the ethanolic extract of root at a dose of 200 mg/ml exhibited better anthelmintic activity than the reference drug,Piperazine citrate (10 mg/ml) against both type of worms.

Anthelmintic activity of $Clerodendrum$ $viscosum$

Das, Jayanta Kumar,Choudhury, S.,Adhikary, S.,Das, B.,Samanta, S.,Mandal, S.C.,Dey, S.P. 경희한의학연구센터 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.2

The juice of the fresh leaves of $Clerodendrum$ $viscosum$ is widely used in the treatment of helminthiasis in folklore medicine. In this present study we have investigated the folklore claim methodically and scientifically. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves and roots of the plant are tested against $Pheretima$ $posthuma$ & $Ascardia$ $galli$ to ascertain their anthelmintic potential. All the extracts showed significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner; the ethanolic extract of root at a dose of 200 mg/ml exhibited better anthelmintic activity than the reference drug, Piperazine citrate (10 mg/ml) against both type of worms.

Genetic Relationship in Tea Germplasms with Drought Contrasting Traits

( Sagarika Das ),( Afruza Zaman ),( Sangeeta Borchetia ),( Madhurjya Gogoi ),( Pritom Chowdhury ),( Jayanta Saikia ),( Hemanta Saikia ),( Buddhadeb Das ),( Tarun Sen Barman ),( Tanoy Bandyopadhyay ) 한국육종학회 2016 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.4 No.4

The objective of this study is to correlate the genetic diversity among tea cultivars with drought tolerance/susceptibility on the basis of morphological, physiological and molecular markers. Twelve highly polymorphic inter simple sequence repeat primers targeting the tea dinucleotide repeats predominantly present in drought stressed transcripts were used to screen out the germplasms into two groups showing drought tolerance and susceptible characteristic with polymorphic information content of 0.3. A similarity index of 0.58 was observed among the cultivars. Morpho-physiological diversity among the cultivars was studied using eighteen morphological and two physiological markers. Correlation studies showed significant association between the ranks of the morpho-physiological distances and molecular genetic distances at P=0.05%. The dinucleotide repeats targeted along with morpho-physiological correlation can be used in tea breeding for drought tolerance as the markers are in sync with the long term field trials based on which the plants were classified for drought trait.

Surgical outcome of extrahepatic portal venous obstruction: Audit from a tertiary referral centre in Eastern India

Somak Das,Tuhin Subhra Manadal,Suman Das,Jayanta Biswas,Arunesh Gupta,Sreecheta Mukherjee,Sukanta Ray 한국간담췌외과학회 2023 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.27 No.4

Backgrounds/Aims: Extra hepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) is the most common cause of portal hypertension in Indian children. While endoscopy is the primary modality of management, a subset of patients require surgery. This study aims to report the short- and long-term outcomes of EHPVO patients managed surgically. Methods: All the patients with EHPVO who underwent surgery between August 2007 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative complications were classified after Clavien–Dindo. Binary logistic regression in Wald methodology was used to determine the predictive factors responsible for unfavourable outcome. Results: Total of 202 patients with EHPVO were operated. Mean age of patients was 20.30 ± 9.96 years, and duration of illness, 90.05 ± 75.13 months. Most common indication for surgery was portal biliopathy (n = 59, 29.2%), followed by bleeding (n = 50, 24.8%). Total of 166 patients (82.2%) had shunt procedure. Splenectomy with esophagogastric devascularization was the second most common surgery (n = 20, 9.9%). Nine major postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo > 3) were observed in 8 patients (4.0%), including 1 (0.5%) operative death. After a median follow-up of 56 months (15−156 months), 166 patients (82.2%) had favourable outcome. In multivariate analysis, associated splenic artery aneurysm (p = 0.007), isolated gastric varices (p = 0.004), preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and stenting (p = 0.015), and shunt occlusion (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of unfavourable long-term outcome. Conclusions: Surgery in EHPVO is safe, affords excellent short- and long-term outcome in patients with symptomatic EHPVO, and may be considered for secondary prophylaxis.

Comparative study on antidiabetic, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using outer peels of two varieties of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam

Das, Gitishree,Patra, Jayanta Kumar,Basavegowda, Nagaraj,Vishnuprasad, Chethala N,Shin, Han-Seung Dove Medical Press 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.14 No.-

<P> Background:<I>Ipomoea batatas</I> (L.) Lam.(Ib) has high content of various beneficial nutrients which helps in improving and maintaining human health. It is well known as a functional food and also a valuable source of unique natural products. It contains various phenolic and flavonoid bioactive compounds. Methods: In this study, using the outer peel of two varieties of Ib : Korean red skin sweet potato and Korean pumpkin sweet potato, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized (termed Ib1-AgNps and Ib2-AgNps), respectively. Characterization of Ib1-AgNPs and Ib2-AgNPs was carried out through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Further, the bio-potential of the synthesized AgNPs was investigated by antidiabetic (α-glucosidase assay), antioxidant (free radical scavenging assays), antibacterial (disc diffusion method) and cytotoxicity assays (cell viability against HepG2 cells). Results: FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the contribution of bioactive compounds existing in Ib1 and Ib2 extracts, in the biosynthesis and equilibrium of the AgNPs. Although the Ib2-AgNPs had a higher atomic percentage of Ag in comparison with Ib1-AgNPs, in the antidiabetic assay, the inhibition percentage of α-glucosidase was higher for AgNPs of Ib1 than Ib2, at all three concentrations examined. From the cytotoxicity results, HepG2 cancer cells were more sensitive to the Ib1-AgNPs in comparison to the Ib2-AgNPs-treated HepG2 cells. The antioxidant prospective was higher in Ib2-AgNPs than Ib1-AgNPs. Moreover, the Ib2-AgNPs showed inhibitory action against all five tested pathogenic bacteria, producing an inhibition zone of 8.74―11.52 mm while Ib1-AgNPs had an inhibitory effect on four of them, with an 8.67―11.23 (mm) inhibition zone. Conclusions: Overall, the results concluded that the Ib2-AgNPs exhibited relatively higher functional activity than Ib1-AgNPs, which might be credited to the greater abundance of bioactive compounds existing in Ib2 extract that acted as reducing as well as capping agents in the synthesis of Ib2-AgNPs. Overall, the current study highlights a novel cost-effective and eco-friendly AgNPs synthesis using food waste peels with biocompatibility and could be potentially utilized in biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. </P>

Dynamics of indigenous community’s food and culture in the time of climate change in the Himalayan region

Das Suraj,Mishra Anindya Jayanta 한국식품연구원 2022 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.9 No.-

Global climate change has become the most significant challenge of modern times, confronting the lives and security of vulnerable societies around the world. The anticipated impact of climatic variability will be severe on local communities, particularly those residing near high-risk prone zones such as coastal areas and mountain regions. The indigenous knowledge and locally-held beliefs act as a refuge, which also prompt and prohibit the responsiveness towards climatic instabilities. Subsequently, ensuring food and nutritional security is the primary task of strategy makers. Hence, comprehensive knowledge of the indigenous traditional food habits and cultural values, beliefs, and gendered norms need to be explored on a priority basis to address the adverse impact of environmental changes, emphasizing the urgency of the Himalayan societies. Despite that, the integration of indigenous knowledge is not on the priority list of the researcher. Thus, this article reviews the existing literature on customary food habits to analyze the bidirectional association between climate change and the dietary practice of the indigenous communities for adaptation policy. PRISMA Statement technique is used for a systematic review of Scopus and Web of Science databases identified 24 related studies from 14 countries, with a specific focus on the Himalayan region, which resulted into four themes viz. impact of climatic variability of indigenous societies, the impact of climate change on community’s customary food beliefs, the impact of climate change on gender defined norms, climate change adaption strategies. The findings show that the current literature has failed to include the socio-ecological beliefs of traditional communities associated with dietary habits. Thus, the focus should be given to integrate the locally held beliefs of customary societies for the successful adoption of climate change adaptation and food security programs.

Photocatalytic treatment of textile effluent using titania–zirconia nano composite catalyst

Lipika Das,Jayanta Kumar Basu 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.24 No.-

The photocatalytic degradation of dyes was studied using nano titania–zirconia composite catalyst from textile wastewater. The composite photocatalysts were prepared by sol–gel method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and BET analyzer. The textile effluent was characterized by various analytical procedures before treatment. The effects of initial pH of the solution, effluent concentration, catalyst concentration and air flow rate on the degradation of pollutants were investigated on the basis of chemical oxygen demand. The Langmuir–Hinshelwood based model was validated with the experimental data based on reactive red 120 removals.

Benefaction of probiotics for human health: A review

Kerry, Rout George,Patra, Jayanta Kumar,Gouda, Sushanto,Park, Yooheon,Shin, Han-Seung,Das, Gitishree 行政院衛生署藥物食品檢驗局 2018 JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS Vol.26 No.3

<P> Humans are a unique reservoir of heterogeneous and vivacious group of microbes, which together forms the human-microbiome superorganism. Human gut serves as a home to over 100-1000 microbial species, which primarily modulate the host internal environment and thereby, play a major role in host health. This spectacular symbiotic relationship has attracted extensive research in this field. More specifically, these organisms play key roles in defense function, eupepsia along with catabolism and anabolism, and impact brain-gut responses. The emergence of microbiota with resistance and tolerance to existing conventional drugs and antibiotics has decreased the drug efficacies. Furthermore, the modern biotechnology mediated nano-encapsulated multiplex supplements appear to be high cost and inconvenient. Henceforth, a simple, low-cost, receptive and intrinsic approach to achieve health benefits is vital in the present era. Supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics has shown promising results against various enteric pathogens due to their unique ability to compete with pathogenic microbiota for adhesion sites, to alienate pathogens or to stimulate, modulate and regulate the host's immune response by initiating the activation of specific genes in and outside the host intestinal tract. Probiotics have also been shown to regulate fat storage and stimulate intestinal angiogenesis. Hence, this study aims to underline the possible beneficial impact of probiotics for human health and medical sectors and for better lifestyle. </P>