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급성 심근경색증 발생 위험인자와 경색관련동맥의 협착정도와의 연관성
김영진(Young Jin Kim),이태일(Tae Il Lee),이재련(Jae Lyun Lee),조인호(In Ho Cho),신동구(Dong Gu Shin),김영조(Young Jo Kim),심봉섭(Bong Seop Sim),이현우(Hyun Woo Le) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.49 No.5
N/A Objectives: The most common cause of myocardial infarction is atherosclerotic lesion of epicardial coronary artery. But coronary blood flow can also be dampered by the arterial emboli, spasm. and this may result in myocardial infarction. To investigate the risk factors of myocardial infarction with normal coronary artery, a study was conducted. Methods: This study was made on 122patients, admitted at Yeungnam University Hospital as their first attack for acute myocardial infarction, from August 1992 to May 1994. The patients undertook angiography with thrombolytic therapy at the earliest possible time. These patients were classified into four groups: group 1-patients with less than 25% stenosis of infarct related artery(IRA); group 2-between 25-50% stenosis of IRA; group 3-between 51-75% stenosis of IRA; group 4-between 76-99% stenosis of IRA. Results: Among 122patients with myocardial infarction, the mean age was 55.4years old and the ratio of male to female was 3.5:1. Group 1patients had a significantly lower mean age(44.6years) than group 3patients(55.8years) and group 4patients (59.1years). Of fifteen patients in group 1, 12 patients developed acute myocardial infarction under 50years of age. In frequency of risk factors of coronary heart disease, 84 of 122cases(68.9%) were smokers. The number of smokers was higher in group 1 (86.7%) than group 3 (58.6%) and group 4 (64%). The frequency of angina prior to myocardial infarction was lower in group 1 (7%) than group 3 (45%) and group 4 (46%). The frequency of multivessel disease was lower in group 1 (13%) than group 3 (31%) and group 4 (50%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of the hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity among the groups. Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction with near normal infarct related artery developed at young age compared with those with significant infarct related artery stenosis. The number of smokers was higher and the frequency of previous angina history was lower in the same group.
Molecular Structure of Sorghum and Waxy Sorghum Starches
Young-Joo Han,Jong-Tae Park,Quang Tri Le,Jae-Hoon Shim,Van Dao Nguyen,Yong-Ro Kim,Kwan-Hwa Park 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.1
Amylose contents and amylopectin chain architecture of sorghum and waxy sorghum starches were determined and compared with those of other common cereal and tuber starches. Also, in vitro digestibility of sorghum starch was estimated using a novel methodology. The absolute amylose content of sorghum starch was similar to that of corn and wheat starches. The side chain length distribution patterns for sorghum and waxy sorghum amylopectin were very similar to those of corn and waxy corn, respectively. The kcat/Km values for sorghum and potato amylopectin did not show a significant difference. The kinetic parameters could be used as novel indicators for starch digestibility.
Processed Vietnamese ginseng: Preliminary results in chemistry and biological activity
Le, Thi Hong Van,Lee, Seo Young,Kim, Tae Ryong,Kim, Jae Young,Kwon, Sung Won,Nguyen, Ngoc Khoi,Park, Jeong Hill,Nguyen, Minh Duc The Korean Society of Ginseng 2014 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.38 No.2
Background: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the steaming process on chemical constituents, free radical scavenging activity, and antiproliferative effect of Vietnamese ginseng. Methods: Samples of powdered Vietnamese ginseng were steamed at $120^{\circ}C$ for various times and thei extracts were subjected to chemical and biological studies. Results: Upon steaming, contents of polar ginsenosides, such as Rb1, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1, were rapidly decreased, whereas less polar ginsenosides such as Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rk3, and Rh4 were increased as reported previously. However, ocotillol type saponins, which have no glycosyl moiety at the C-20 position, were relatively stable on steaming. The radical scavenging activity was increased continuously up to 20 h of steaming. Similarly, the antiproliferative activity against A549 lung cancer cells was also increased. Conclusion: It seems that the antiproliferative activity is closely related to the contents of ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1.
Le Kim, Trang Huyen,Yu, Jeong Heon,Jun, Hwiseok,Yang, Moon Young,Yang, Mi-Jin,Cho, Jae-Woo,Kim, Jin Woong,Kim, Jee Seon,Nam, Yoon Sung Elsevier 2017 Biomaterials Vol.145 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite the excellent biocompatibility and antifouling effect of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), the high steric hindrance, limited chemical functionality, and low ligand multivalency of PEGylated nanocarriers often lead to inefficient cell targeting and intracellular trafficking. Hence, a new structure of hydrophilic corona allowing a higher ligand density without loss of excellent biocompatibility is highly desirable. Here we introduce tumor-targeted polyglycerolated (PGylated) nanocarriers that dramatically enhance the <I>in vivo</I> therapeutic efficacy of incorporated paclitaxel simply by increasing the surface density of hydrophobic tumor-targeting ligands. Linear polyglycerol-poly (ε-caprolactone) block copolymer (PG-<I>b</I>-PCL) is used to prepare PGylated lipiodol nanoemulsions, where PG serves as a corona conjugated with a large number of folic acid (FA) for efficient tumor targeting. Unlike FA-PEGylated nanoemulsions, FA-PGylated nanoemulsions can display a larger number of FA without structural destabilization. This property enables excellent anti-cancer activities and effective tumor regression in a cervical cancer xenograft murine model at a cumulative drug dose of ∼5 mg kg<SUP>−1</SUP>, which is about four fold smaller than that of commercial Taxol formulation. This study highlights the importance of surface chemistry of nanocarriers that enable multivalent ligand functionalization and high tolerance to the conjugation of hydrophobic ligands, which make PG as a very effective hydrophilic corona for <I>in vivo</I> drug delivery.</P>
Le, Hang T.T.,Ngo, Duc Tung,Kim, Young-Jae,Park, Choong-Nyeon,Park, Chan-Jin Elsevier 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.248 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An aluminium-doped lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) solid electrolyte was prepared using a simple citrate-gel method, and this was followed by a pelletization and the conventional sintering process. When the sintering time was varied at 1350°C for the synthesis of the A-LLTO, the A-LLTO ceramic that was sintered at 1350°C for 6h exhibited the highest ionic conductivity of 3.17×10<SUP>−4</SUP> Scm<SUP>−1</SUP> at 25°C. In addition, the stability and durability of the synthesized A-LLTO ceramic was tested through a one-month aqueous-solution immersion for which the pH values were varied between 0 and 14. The stability of the A-LLTO is the highest in the alkaline environment; furthermore, for its use in the aqueous-electrolyte environment, a protected lithium electrode (PLE) structure was made by combining the lithium (Li) metal, a lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) interlayer, and the A-LLTO, whereby the LiPON interlayer prevented a direct reaction between the Li metal and the A-LLTO. The Li-LiCoO<SUB>2</SUB> and Li-O<SUB>2</SUB> cells comprising the PLE exhibited a superior electrochemical performance when they were used in the alkaline 1M LiNO<SUB>3</SUB>-electrolyte environment. After 100 cycles of the charge-discharge at the 1C rate, the aqueous Li-LiCoO<SUB>2</SUB> cells maintained 59.3% of the initial capacity with a coulombic efficiency of 98.3%. In addition, the aqueous Li-O<SUB>2</SUB> cell operated stably for 40 cycles under the limited capacity mode of 0.5mAhcm<SUP>−2</SUP>. The outstanding performance of the Li-metal-based cells originates from the A-LLTO solid electrolyte, due to the latter’s high stability, ionic conductivity, and an effective suppression effect regarding the dendritic growth of the Li.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A perovskite-structured aluminium-doped lithium lanthanum titanate (A-LLTO) is fabricated. </LI> <LI> The A-LLTO ceramic exhibits a high stability in aqueous alkaline solutions. </LI> <LI> The A-LLTO serves as an artificial solid-electrolyte interface that protects the metallic Li-electrode from the aqueous electrolytes. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>