補中益氣湯 투여가 장거리 달리기 선수의 에너지 및 전해질 대사에 미치는 영향 : changes in the energy and electrolyte metabolism among long distance runners

송순기,금동호,오재근,이명종 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1998 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.1

스포츠 과학 분야에서는 운동 선수들의 경기력 향상과 운동 피로의 신속한 회복을 도모하기 위하여 한약을 복용하고 그 효과와 유의성에 대하여 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 격심한 운동을 수행할 때 나타나는 Glucose 등 에너지원의 고갈, Lactate 등 대사 산물의 축적, 전해질의 불균형 등의 여러 제반 증상이 氣虛로 인하여 나타나는 전신의 증후와 유사하다고 생각하여 補中益氣湯을 투여한 후 인체의 대사 변화를 관찰함으로서 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향과 유의성을 평가하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 장거리 달리기 선수를 대상으로 2주간의 補中益氣湯의 투여가 에너지 대사 및 전해질대사에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 최대심박수의 70% 강도의 운동을 실시한 후 운동전 안정시, 운동 직후, 휴식 후 10분, 휴식 후 30분, 휴식 후 1시간으로 나누어 혈액검사를 하였을 때 나타나는 각종 변인의 반응 양상을 비교 분석하여 유의한 결과를 얻었다. 혈중 에너지 대사에서는 free fatty acid와 Lactate 반응에서 유의성 있는 차이가 나타났고, 전해질대사에서도 Na^(+), Cl-와 K^(+) 반응에서 모누 유의성 있는 차이를 나타냈다. 그러므로 補中益氣湯은 에너지 및 전해질 대사에서 유의성있는 변화를 나타내었으며 운동수행능력의 향상에 유효하였다. Objective This experimental study was designed to investigate effects of Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang administration among long distance runners on changes of the energy and electrolyte metabolism. Materials and Methods All subjects were divided randomly with two groups, Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang Group (N=4) and control group (N=4) and performed to run the 400m track with 70% of HR max about 1 hour. The blood samples were collected from antecubital vein by 5㎖ syringes at before exercise, immediateIy after exercise, recovering- 10 min, recovering-30 min, recovering-1 hour. These sampie were used to analyze for the factors of the changes on metabolic responses. Firest, the primary factors on the changes of the energy metabolism were checked ; Glucose, Free fatty acid, Lactate, LDH. Second, the primary factors on the changes of the electroIyte metabolisrn were checked ; Na^(+), Cl^(-), K^(+). Results 1. The change of the energy metabolism 1) Glucose response was not shown significant difference between two groups. 2) Free fatty acid response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly increased at recover-10 min. 3) Lactate response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly decreased at immediately after exercise, recover-10 min, recover-30 min. 4) LDH response was not shown significant difference between two groups. 2. The change of the electrolyte metabolism 1) Na^(+) response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was shown significant difference between two groups at before exercise. 2) C^(-) response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly increased at before exercise, immediately after exercise. 3) K^(+) response in Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang group was significantly increased at recover-10 min. Conclusion According to the above results, it was shown that Bo-joong-ik-gi-tang had the positive effects on changes of the energy and electrolyte metabolism for the long distance runners.

에탄올을 장기간 섭취한 백서에서 Acamprosate 투여가 Nitric Oxide Synthase 발현에 미치는 영향

정홍경,이기철,이정호,이승휘,이희제,정주호 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

에탄올이 백서의 해마에서 Neuropeptide Y 발현에 미치는 영향

정홍경,이기철,이정호,이희제,정주호,이주영 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.1

한국해안으로부터 Purple, Non-Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium, Rhodobacter sp. EGH-24의 분리 및 특성

차미선,김기한,조순자,이나은,이정은,이재동,이상준,박재림 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.12

A species of facultative photo-organotrophic, purple, non-sulfur bacterium was isolated from the 47 point at west and south coast of Korea in September 2001. Separated 13 samples of changes with red color under 28~32 ℃, 3000 lux, anaerobe conditions for 7 days cultivated in basal medium. For pure isolation from 13 samples, we used agar-shake tube method (0.4 % agar) and separated 5 strains through 13-repetition test. EGH-24 and EGH-30 was identified as the same strain through the RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)-PCR of strain EGH-9, EGH-13, EGH-23, EGH-24, EGH-30. Four isolates cultivated in synthesis wastewater for wastewater biodegradation test. EGH-24 was selected with efficient wastwater treating strain. Based on the results obtained from morphology, nutrient requirements, major bacteriochlorophyll content, 16S-rDNA phylogenetic analysis, EGH-24 strain may be identified as a new strain of the genus Rhodobacter and named Rhodobacter sp. EGH-24.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

Sinc 기저함수를 이용한 CGFFT의 수렴률 개선

이기태,김장형,장재성 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1992 産業技術硏究報告 Vol.3 No.-

The current induced on a perfectly conducting strip excited by incident fields which are transverse magnetic (TM) wave or transverse electric (TE) wave to the strip axis are solved by three methods. The one is analytic and the others are numerical method: SIT (Spectral Iteration Technique), CGFFT (Conjugate Gradient Fast Fourier Transform). It is estimated accuracy of current values, as that are compared results of the analytic method with that of the numerical methods. The procedure involves the incorporation of subdmain basis functions associated with the current representation of a conducting strip. It is shown that significant improvements are achieved in the convergences of the CGFFT method when using sinc basis functions.

돌나물(Sedum sarmentosum Bunge)의 자생지 서식환경과 생장특성에 관한 연구

이중기,황재문 안동대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學技術 硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.-

돌나물(Sedum sarmentosum)은 산 또는 들에 널리 분포하며, 특히 경사지나 바위 위에서도 이끼류와 공생하고 있었다. 자생지 토양은 수분함량의 범위가 넓었고 유기들이나 치환성 양이온 등의 함량은 재배작물의 평균치와 비슷한 수준이었다 돌나물은 월동 후 2월말부터 싹을 틔우며, 3월초부터 성장하여 5월 중순에 채취할 정도(약 30cm)로 자란다. 5월 중순에 줄기의 5∼6마디에서 1∼4차례 꽃가지가 갈라져 노란색 꽃을 피우며, 11월말부터 생장이 정지되어 잎이 말라 떨어지고 줄기와 뿌리가 일부 남아 월동한다. 돌나물은 25℃에서 생육 상태가 가장 양호하였고 생장량도 많았다. 그리고 자연광의 50%차광처리에서 생체중이 가장 높았고 자연광에서보다 개화도 10여일 지연되었다. 토양수분의 함량이 22%±1.0정도(1일 관수량 1.5mm 수준)에서 생체량이 가장 많았으나 자생지 들나물에 비해 절간장이 길었으며, 12%±1.0(1일 관수량 1.0mm 수준)에서 상품가치가 양호하였다. This study was conducted to survey the habitat environment at natives of Sedum sarmentosum and to elucidate growing conditions of S. sarmentosum. In native areas of S. sarmentosum, Digitaria microbachne, Artermisia mongolica and mosses were dominant species and S. sarmentosum grown on the slope and rock fences symbiosed with mosses. S. sarmentosum might lave wide adaptability on the dry or wet soil and sunny or shaded place. The organic content of the habitat soil was almost same level of the average upland soil, but the available phosporous and calcium content were low level. The growth stage was different by topography of S. sarmentosum. This plant was sprouted from late Febuary, grown continuously until mid of May, then formed flowering branches, flowered from late May and stopped growth in early November. The optimum growth temperature of S. sarmentosum seemed to be about 25℃, however, it showed slow growth even at 1.5℃. The shading 30 to 50 % of natural sun light was good for growth but delayed the flowering time compared to the natural condition, and the wet soil(irrigatiing 1.5mm a day) resulted more vigorous growth than dry conditions(irrigating below 1.0mm a day) in S. sarmentosum.

流動層 電氣 化學反應器의 履歷

李濟根,黃榮基 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1984 硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

黃酸(1.5M) 산성의 황산구리전해액(470 PPM of Cu??)으로 구리입자(0.5,0.7,1.0mm)를 流動化시키는 직사각형-십자류 流動層電極反應器내에서 層多孔率과 電流密度를 變化하여 구리를 電着시키는 電氣化學反應 實驗을 수행하였다. 實質的인 反應速度係數를 구하는데 있어서 측정이 용이한 擴散律速段階의 物質傅達係數를 이용하기 위해, 반응기를 活性化狀態로 유지시켜 化學反應 程度를 확인하였다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 相關關係式을 구하였다. jD'=(αK/Us)Sc⅔=b[Redp/1-∈〕?? b∝ α?? (단, Sc=1934, 10≤Redp/1-∈≤250) 活性化狀態의 反應速度係數를 이용하여 回分式 循環 現象型 反應系의 理論式을 구하고, 實際回分式 循環 流動層電極 反應系의 濃度一時間 자료와 비교 검토한 결과 잘 부합됨을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 본 실험 流動條件 범위내에서의 電流效率은 52∼88%였다. Electrochemical reaction experiments involving the cathodic deposition of copper from acidified aqeous solution (1.5M H₂SO₄) containing 470 ppm of Cu?? have been perfomed for determination reaction rates. Experimental data for reaction rate coefficient have been detected in a fluidized bed electrochemical reactor packed conduction copper particles. In this word fluid velocity (bed porosity), particle diameter and current density have varied. The composite mass transfer coefficient (or tate coefficient), including correction factor for mass transfer coefficient under diffusion controlling ster, is correlated as follows: jD'=(αK/Us)Sc⅔=b[Redp/1-∈〕?? b∝ α?? in the range 10≤Redp/1-∈≤250, Sc=1934. The performance data for ideal reactor model were obtained by using the composite mass transfer relationship. We found that the calculated performance data were well matched with the concentration-time data of FBER with recirculating batch electralyte. Cunent efficiency was observed 52∼88% under this experimental conditions.

교잡종 찰옥수수에 대한 연구 : Ⅰ. 찰옥수수 "연농×재래" 교잡종의 생육 및 수량특성 Ⅰ. Growth and Yield Characteristics in Waxy Maize Hybrid Yeonnong × Jaerae

이희봉,정재영,최현구,김기훈,김효기,주정일 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2001 농업과학연구 Vol.28 No.2

재래종 찰옥수수 F₁ 교잡종에 대한 생육 및 수량비교를 위해 충남대학교 농과대학 실험포장에서 육성한 이들 교잡종의 식물학적 특성에 대한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 간장은 대조구에 비해 대학찰×재래찰, FR805/1K₃×고령찰이 가장 크게 나타났으나, FR805/1K₃×대학찰, 찰옥 1호에서 대조구와 비슷하게 나타내었다. 2. 착수수는 간장에서와 마찬가지로 대학찰×재래찰, FR805/1K₃×고령찰이 대조구보다 높게 나타났으나 대학찰×재래찰, 찰옥 1호는 비슷하였다. 3. 분얼수는 각 교잡종들간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 4. 이삭의 길이는 대조구에 비해 교잡종들이 거의 2배이상의 크기를 나타내었다. 5. 이삭직경은 FR805/1K₃× 고령찰의 교잡종을 제외하고 대조구와 비슷하게 나타났다. 6. 이삭열수는 Daehakchal×1K₁/LE만이 대조구와 유의성을 나타내고 기타 교잡종은 대조구와 비슷하였다. In order to evaluate the characteristics of growth and yield in F_(1) waxy hybrids using Korean local maize lines, six hybrids including check, Chalok # 1, were planted at the experinental field of e Chungnam National University. Stem and ear heights of Yeonnong × Jaerae and FR805/IK_(3) × Koryong hybrids were higher than the check hybrid. Number of fillers per plant in all hybrids were similar as 0.3 to 0.5 per plant Ear length of waxy hybrids was longer than 15㎝ of check hybrid and ear diameter was also thicker than check except FR805/IK_(3) × Koryong waxy hybrid. A final result, Yeonnong × Jaerae among hybrids was comparatively superior to other hybrids in the test.

세로토닌성 항우울제가 백서의 Schedule-Induced Polydipsia에 미치는 영향

이기철,이정호,박중섭,최영민,전성일,정홍경,하준명,정재현 대한생물치료정신의학회 1999 생물치료정신의학 Vol.5 No.2

Object : Schedule-induced polydipsia is considered as an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder inrats. The authors evaluated the chronic effects of fluoxetine and clomipramine as serotonergic antidepressants and haloperidol as dopaminergic antagonist on the schedule-induced polydipsia in rat.Methods : Spraque-Dawley rats weighing 200-250gm were individually housed, maintained and allowed free access to water for 1 week. And then the rats were placed on a restricted diet. To induce polydipsia, rats were placed in automatic cage where a pellet dispenser automatically dispensed 90mg pellets on a fixed-time 60 seconds(FT 60s) feeding schedule over 150-minute test session for a day. Water was available at all times during the feeding schedule in automatic cage. After 4 weeks of daily exposure to the FT 60s feeding schedule, experimental rats met a predetermined criterion for polydipsic behavior(greater than 3 times of water per session on average). 4 groups of rats were administered fluoxetine(5mg/kg/i.p.), clomipramine(5mg/kg/i.p.), haloperidol(0.1mg/kg/i.p.), vehicle(1cc/kg/i.p.) for 3 weeks. Rats were tested once a week to access schedule induced polydipsic behavior. The chronic effects of experimental drugs on schedule induced polydipsic behavior were analyzed with repeated analysis of variance and Scheffe test as a post-hoc comparison.In order to measure water consumption in non-polydipsic food-deprived rats, a separate group of rats(N=8) were individually housed and given a single bolus(14.5 gm) of food per day which maintained them at their average body weight.Results and Conclusion : The results were as follows ;1) After 4 weeks of daily feeding procedure with fixed time schedule for 60 seconds per day, the experimental group showed significant differences than the control in the amount of water consumption as compared with their baseline water intakes. At the same periods, there were no differences between the experimental group and the control in body weight. 2) The clomipramine treated group and the fluoxetine treated group showed significant decrease in the amount of water intake as compared with their baseline of polydipsic water intakes for 3 weeks of treatment. However, the haloperidol treated group and the vehicle control group showed no changes of amounts of water intake for 3 weeks of treatment as compared with their baseline of polydipsic water intakes. 3) At 2 weeks of drug treatment, clmipramine treated group(16.88±6.51ml) and the fluoxetine treated group(22.50±10.35ml) showed significantly lower amounts of water intake than the haloperidol treated group (41.25±7.06ml) or vehicle control group(37.50±12.54ml). And also the clomipramine treated group(13.75±5.18ml) and the fluoxetine treated group(18.75±3.54ml) showed significantly lower amounts of water intake than the haloperidol group(35.00±11.65ml) and the vehicle control(34.38±6.78ml) at 3 weeks of drug treatment. Above findings suggest that the fixed time feeding procedure for schedule-induced polydipsia as an animal model of obsessive compulsive disorder was effective to the evaluation of pharmacological challenge study. The author confirmed that schedule-induced polydipsia was successfully decreased for 3 weeks of administration of clomipramine and fluoxetine but there was no response to haloperidol.