Ischemic brain imaging using fluorescent gold nanoprobes sensitive to reactive oxygen species

Hyun, H.,Lee, K.,Min, K.H.,Jeon, P.,Kim, K.,Jeong, S.Y.,Kwon, I.C.,Park, T.G.,Lee, M. Elsevier Science Publishers 2013 Journal of controlled release Vol.170 No.3

Fluorescein-labeled hyaluronic acids (HA) were immobilized on gold nanoparticles for reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. The efficacy of HA immobilized gold nanoparticles (HHAuNPs) was evaluated in a stroke animal model. The stroke rat model was produced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), which induced transient ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in the brain. The increase of ROS in the I/R brain was confirmed by TBARS assay with the brain extracts. For brain imaging, HHAuNPs were injected into the rat brain 1h before transient MCAO. Five hours after the injection, the rats were sacrificed and the brains were subjected to imaging analysis. The results showed that stronger signals were detected in the I/R brains than in the normal brains. To identify the time window for effective detection of ROS, HHAuNPs were injected into the post-ischemic rat brains at various time points. The results showed that ROS level reached a maximum at 24h after the transient MCAO. Also, a live imaging study was performed with HHAuNPs in the normal and I/R animals. The results confirmed that ROS level increased in the I/R animal group with time, while the signal was decreased in the normal animal group. Together, our results suggest that HHAuNPs may be useful to monitor ROS level in the ischemic brain and to identify the infarct areas in ischemic brains for the treatment of stroke.

초기성인의 생활습관과 당뇨에 대한 지식

소선이,마지은,고지윤,김은혜,박현화,서유진,서형은,유은미,이하늬,이혜인,정지연,현혜리,이자형,정덕유,강지숙 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2009 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.43

Purposes :The purposes of this study was to investigate the self-managing status according to the life styles and the diabetic knowledge of early adulthood. The subjects in this study were 240people, the early adult aged twenties to thirties living in the metropolitan area. Data were collected by using self-administered questionnaires that measure about the knowledge of diabetes; the dietetic behavior; the knowledge of diet; the exercise behavior; the knowledge of exercise. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation were used for data analysis. Result :1. At the knowledge of diabetes degree based on the general character, the subjects who had experiences of diabetic education have higher degree of the diabetic knowledge. 2. At the knowledge of diabetes degree according to the life style, the subjects who have regular diet are appeared highly. Also the subjects who don't take much food of animal origin have higher degree. 3. At the knowledge of diet based on the life style, the subjects who don't keep three times meals a day are appeared highly. Also the subjects who have regular diet have higher degree. 4. At the knowledge of exercise according to the life style, the subjects who take extra nutritions 3-4 times a week are appeared highly. Although the subjects tend to know about dietary, exercise and health management, it showed that they actually don't perform what they know in their everyday of life. The reason for this could be the lack of perceived seriousness about diabetes mellitus. Thus as nursing professionals, we should provide them proper health education and support. Moreover, advanced research on the empowerment is warranted.

全身性 『크립토콕쿠스』症 : 一剖檢症例報告

李聖洙,金相仁,金勇一,全鍾暉,宋宣普,玄瑗 서울대학교 1963 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

An autopsy case of disseminated cryptococcosis in a 20 year old Korean female has been reported. Both gelatinous and granulomatous lesions are observed in the lungs, liver, extrahepatic biliary system, spleen, pancreas, adrenals, kidneys, small intestine, lymphnodes, bone marrow, skin, and leptomeninges and brain. Large numbers of micro-organism, that are spherical or ovoid, non-sporulating, non-mycelial, yeast-like with evidence of budding measuring 5-20 microns in diameter, and with thick gelatinous capsules, are found in the lesions. These morpholomans, gical characteristics of the organisms are strongly consistant with cryptococcus neofor-although cultures of the organisms have been failed to be performed. The gelatinous lesions consist mainly of masses of micro-organisms with little inflammatory response, while the granulomatous lesions reveal numerous lymphocytes, plasma cells, epitheloid cells and macrophages frequently forming giant cells, occasional neutrophils and variable number of fibroblastic cells. In case, caseous or coagulative type of necrosis is observed, and these focal lesions contain many degenerated organisms in the periphery. Neutrophilic infiltration is meager, and calcification in the lesions is not observed. These anatomical changes characterized by non-suppurative and granulomatous reaction and by gelatinous appearance of the lesion appear to be distinctly different from other mycotic infections than cryptococcosis. In this case, extensive leptomeningeal and limited cerebral cortical involvement is assumed to have been a late event, that formed the probable direct cause of death of the patient. The portal of entry of the organisms in this case has been discussed with special emphasis on the respiratory tract infection. This is believed to be the first reported autopsy case of cryptococcosis in the Korean literature.

Continuous enrichment of circulating tumor cells using a microfluidic lateral flow filtration chip

Lee, S.W.,Hyun, K.A.,Kim, S.I.,Kang, J.Y.,Jung, H.I. Elsevier 2015 Journal of chromatography A Vol.1377 No.-

The isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is of great importance in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Highly sensitive detection of CTCs can be very difficult because they are extremely rare (i.e., 1-5 CTCs per 10<SUP>9</SUP> erythrocytes) in blood. Recently, various devices have been developed that exploit biochemical (affinity-based) and physical (size or density) methods. Antibody-based isolation has its own limitations, as the expression level of the epitopes for an antibody varies due to the heterogeneity of cancer cells. Harsh conditions associated with physical methods can cause the deformation and damage of CTCs during the isolation process. Here, we propose a microfluidic lateral flow filtration (μ-LaFF) chip in which lateral flow was combined with vertical flow into the filter to capture the CTCs gently. The CTCs experienced weak shear flow owing to the lateral flow and traveled alongside the filter channel until finally being captured. The vertical flow in the filter held the captured cells tightly and served as an exit for uncaptured hematological cells (white and red blood cells). From our μ-LaFF chip we obtained a high capture efficiency (95%) and purity (99%), minimizing any damage to the CTCs. Our μ-LaFF technology is expected to be useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers.

미생물 Phytase 의 첨가가 육성돈과 비육돈의 성장에 미치는 효과

권관,정흥우,권찬호,유문일,현영,손광수,박승춘 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.6

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of domestically developed microbial phytase on growth performance, nutrients utilization, and phosphorus excretion in growing and finishing pigs. The dietary treatments were: 1) 100% level of NRC requirement for calcium and phosphorus(C), 2) 80% level of NRC requirement for calcium and phosphorus(P0), 3) diet 2) supplemented with 500 PU of domestic phytase(P500) and 4) diet 2) supplemented with 700PU of domestic phytase(P700). A total 96 growing pigs(Landrace X Large White X Duroc) weighing average of 32±3㎏ of initial body weight were assigned to 4 treatments with 3 replications per treatment, 8 pigs in each replication. Growing pig fed the lower calcium and phosphorus diets containing 80% of NRC requirement tended to have lower weight gain and poorer feed efficiency as compared to those fed other diets. Although phytase treatments(P500 and P700) showed weight gain and feed efficiency similar to those fed control diet, there were no significant differences among the treatments in growing pigs. Slightly different results were obtained in digestibility of dry matter and crude protein and in excretion of phosphorus, but no significant differences were observed among the treatments and between supplemental levels of phytase. A total of 120 finishing pigs weighing on average 70.4±4㎏ were assigned to 4 treatments with 3 replications per treatment, 10 pigs in each replication. The feed efficiency in treatment P0 was poorer than that of other treatments. By supplementation of phytase to P0, the feed efficiency tended to be increased to the levels similar to control(C). However, no significant differences were observed among the treatments and between supplemental phytase levels. The digestibility of crude protein and phosphorus were lowest(P$lt;0.05) in treatment P0 while the excretion of phosphorus was not significantly different between the two phytase levels. The excretion of phosphorus in P500 was lowest(P$lt; 0.05) with no difference between the two levels of phytase.

원료 및 배합사료의 품질평가를 위한 연구 : (2) 계절 및 지역별 배합사료의 성분함량 비교 (2) SEASONAL CHANGES AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF MIXED FEEDS

한인규,김명곤,채병조,현영 한국영양사료학회 1988 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.12 No.6

本 試驗은 국내생산 배합사료의 品質平價를 위하여 주요 配合飼料工場을 대상으로 2단계(1981∼1982, 1984∼1985)로 주요 배합사료를 선정 地域別, 季節別로 수집하여 영양소함량을 比較分析하였는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 배합사료의 季節別 성분함량을 보면 1차 사료의 경우 조단백질 함량에 있어서 초생추사료는 봄(19.24%)에, 산란초기사료는 여름(19.67%)에, 육성돈 사료는 봄(16.08%), 착유3호사료는 여름(18.08%)에 각각 가장 높았으나 계절간에 큰 差異을 보이지 않았다. 조지방, 조섬유, 조회분의 함량에 있어서는 계절간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 Ca 함량에 있어서 초생추사료의 경우 여름(1.5%), 산란초기사료의 경우 가을(3.72%), 육성돈사료의 경우 겨울(1.34%)에 각각 가장 높게 나타났다. 한편 2차 사료의 경우 조단백질 함량에 있어서 육계전기, 산란초기, 젖먹이돼지, 비육돈전기, 착유3호사료등에 있어서 공히 겨울에 가장 높게 나타났다. 조지방 함량은 육계전기사료에서 가을에 4.07%로서 가장 높았으며 봄에 2.58%로서 比較的 낮았다. 산란초기, 젖먹이 돼지, 비육돈전기, 착유3호에서도 봄이 조지방의 他季節에 비해 다소 낮았다. 2. 배합사료의 地域別 성분 함량을 살펴보면 조단백질 함량의 경우 1차 사료에서 초생추사료의 경우 19.25%로서 서울이 가장 높았고, 육계전기사료의 부산지역(20.85%), 산란초기사료는 전라지역(17.20%), 육성돈사료는 서울(16.33%), 착유 3호사료는 서울(18.35%)로 각각 가장 높았다. 조지방, 조섬유, 조회분, P의 함량은 地域間 差異가 적었으나 Ca 함량은 초생추사료의 경우 전라지역이 1.69%, 육계전기사료는 충청지역이 2.64%로 가장 높았고 산란초기사료에서는 전라지역이 2.78%로서 가장 낮았다. 2차 사료의 경우 조단백질 함량은 肉鷄前期飼料에서 인천이 21.79%, 산란초기사료에서 부산이 17.00%, 젖먹이 돼지사료에서 인천이 19.56%, 비육돈 전기사료에서 부산이 17.69%, 착유 3호 사료에서 부산이 18.28%로 각각 가장 높았다. 3. 2차사료에 대한 지역별 광물질 함량을 살펴보면 Ca 함량은 초생추사료에 있어서 전라지역이 0.88%로 가장 낮았으며 산란초기사료는 전라지역이 4.01%, 착유3호는 경상지역이 1.34%로 가장 높았고, P과 Mg 含量에 있어서는 지역간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 또한 초생추, 산란초기, 착유3호사료에 있어서 Mn, Co, Cu, Fe등 微量鑛物質 含量은 試料에 따라 지역간에 함량 차이가 나타나고 있고 NRC(1984) 요구량보다는 다소 높으나 中毒水準에 못 미치고 있어 비교적 안전한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 2차 사료에 대한 지역별 아미노산 함량을 보면 제한 아미노산이 되기 쉬운 Lysine은 경기지역이 1.1426%(육계전기), 0.7628%(산란초기), 1.0054%(젖먹이 돼지)로 타지역에 비해 높았으며, methionine의 경우 육계전기 사료는 전라지역(0.4275%), 산란초기사료는 서울(0.1920%), 젖먹이 돼지사료는 전라지역(0.3033%)이 가장 높았다. 그 외 histidine, arginine, valine등 필수아미노산등 試料別로 지역간에 따라 差異를 보이고 있다. 이상의 結果를 요약해보면 우리나라에서 生産流通되고 있는 배합사료의 성분 함량을 NR C요구량과 비교해 볼때 요구량에 과부족되는 성분이 있어 보다 세삼한 品質管理가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the chemical compositions of the mixed feeds(1981∼1982, 1984∼1985) collected from feed plants located in different districts at four seasons. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Seasonal changes of mixed feeds of first-collection ; crude protein contents showing the highest values were found in spring(Chick starter. 19.24%; Broiler starter, 20.54%;Layer I, 16.97%: Pig grower, 16.08% and summer(Lactation III, 18.08%). But there were little seasonal differences in other general compositions. Calcium contents showing the highest values were found in summer(Chick starter 1.5% ), autumn(Layer I, 3.72%) and winter(Pig grower, 1.34%). On the other hand, according to mixed feeds of second-collection, the crude protein contents of Chick starter, Layer I, Pig starter, Pig grower, Lactation III showed the highest values in winter. The crude fat contents showed the highest values in autumn(Broiler starter, 4.07%). Generally, mixd feeds of second-collection showed lower values in spring. 2. Regional differences of mixed feeds of first-collection-chemical composition ; crude protein contents showed the highest values in Seoul(Chcik starter, 19.25;Pig grower, 16.33%;Lactation III, 18.39%) and Jeonra(Layer I, 17.20%). There were little regional differences in the contents of crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash and phosphorus, but Ca contents showed the hightest values in Jeonra(Chick starter, 1.69%:Layer I, 2.78%) and Chungcheong(Broiler starter, 1.64%). According to mixed feels second-collection, crude protein contents showed the highest values in Incheon(Broiler starter, 21.79%:Pig starter, 19.56%) and Busan(Layer I, 17.00%;Pig grower, 17.69%;Lactation III, 18.28%). Crude fat contents showed little differences among areas, but layer I showed the highest values in Incheon(3.52%) and the lowest value in Jeonra(2.81%). 3. Regional differences of mixed feels of second collection-mineralcontents;calcium contents showed the higheat values in Jeonra(Layer I, 4.01%) and Kyungsang(Lactation III, 1.34%) and the lowest value in Jeonra (Chick starter, O.88%). The contents of phosphorus and magnesium showed little differences among areas. Micro elements contents of Chick starter, Layer I, Lactation III showed some differences related to areas and tended to be higher than NRC(1984) requirements but were not high enough to reach toxic levels. 4. Regional differences of mixed feeds of second-collection-amino acid contents; lysine contents were higher in Kyunggi samples(Broiler starter, 1.1426%;Layer I, 0.7628%Pig starter, 1.0054%)than others. Methionine content was highest in the samples of Jeonra(Broiler starter, 0.4275%;Pig starter, 0.3033%) and Seoul(Layer I, 1.2920%). There were some differences in the content of histidine, arginine, valine in the samples collected from different regions.

Zn^II coordination polymers constructed with malonate and bipyridyl ligands: Photoluminescence and heterogeneous catalytic reactivity

Hyun, M.Y.,Hwang, I.H.,Lee, M.M.,Kim, H.,Kim, K.B.,Kim, C.,Kim, H.Y.,Kim, Y.,Kim, S.J. Pergamon Press 2013 Polyhedron Vol.53 No.-

Four three-dimensional Zn<SUP>II</SUP> frameworks containing malonates and various bipyridyl pillars (4,4'-bipyridine (1), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (2), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (3) and 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (4)) have been prepared, and their structures were determined by X-ray crystallography. In all four frameworks, malonate ligands bridge three Zn ions to form two-dimensional layers, and these layers are connected by bipyridyl pillars to form three-dimensional frameworks with the general formula [{Zn(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)(μ-malonate)}<SUB>2</SUB>(μ-bipyridyl)] and which also contain water or acetonitrile solvates. Reactivity studies of compounds 1-4 showed that they catalyzed a heterogeneous transesterification reaction of phenyl acetate and could be reused without any significant loss of activity through five runs. Emissions were observed at 347-365nm (λ<SUB>ex</SUB>=313nm) for 2 and 363nm (λ<SUB>ex</SUB>=328nm) for 3, while compounds 1 and 4 showed no luminescence properties. The thermal stabilities of these complexes were also examined.

Association of Extracellular Cleavage of E-Cadherin Mediated by MMP-7 with HGF-Induced in vitro Invasion in Human Stomach Cancer Cells

Lee, K.H.,Choi, E.Y.,Hyun, M.S.,Jang, B.I.,Kim, T.N.,Kim, S.W.,Song, S.K.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, J.-R. S. Karger AG 2007 European surgical research Vol.39 No.4

<P><I>Background:</I> Proteolytic shedding of the ectodomain of a variety of transmembrane proteins, including cell-to-cell adhesion molecules, has been observed in solid cancers. We have investigated whether extracellular cleavage of E-cadherin mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is involved in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) induced in vitro invasion in stomach cancer cells. <I>Methods:</I> The effects of HGF on the expression of E-cadherin/β-catenin and MMP-7 at both the protein and mRNA levels were assessed in stomach cancer cells, NUGC-3 and MKN-28, and in cells in which the expression of MMP-7 was downregulated by transfection with a MMP-7 short hairpin RNA plasmid. <I>Results:</I> Treatment with HGF increased the extracellular cleavage of E-cadherin and the release of MMP-7 and reduced the level of E-cadherin in a dose- and time-dependent manner. HGF treatment repressed the phosphorylation of β-catenin in a Triton-soluble fraction, but enhanced this phosphorylation in a Triton-insoluble fraction. The association of E-cadherin with β-catenin was decreased by HGF treatment in the Triton-soluble fraction. In addition, treatment of MMP-7 short hairpin RNA transfected NUGC-3 cells with HGF resulted in no extracellular cleavage of E-cadherin and also decreased the in vitro cell invasion. <I>Conclusions:</I> These results suggest that incubation with HGF mediated the release of MMP-7, resulting in extracellular cleavage of E-cadherin from stomach cancer cells. This might be a key mechanism in HGF-induced in vitro invasion and metastasis.</P><P>Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

ZnII coordination polymers constructed with malonate and bipyridyl ligands: Photoluminescence and heterogeneous catalytic reactivity

Hyun, M.Y.,Hwang, I.H.,Lee, M.M.,Kim, H.,Kim, K.B.,Kim, C.,Kim, H.-Y.,Kim, Y.,Kim, S.-J. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2013 Polyhedron Vol.53 No.-

Evaluation of genes for phytoremediation in their effectiveness on conferring transgenic plants tolerance to phtotoxic metals

Y. I. Choi,E. W. Noh,J. S. Lee,M. S. Yang,J. O. Hyun,Y. S. Lee 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.35 No.3