Thermometry for Dirac Fermions in Graphene

Fan-Hung Liu,Chang-Shun Hsu,Shun-Tsung Lo,Chiashain Chuang,Lung-I Huang,Tak-Pong Woo,Chi-Te Liang,Y. Fukuyama,Y. Yang,R. E. Elmquist,Pengjie Wang,Xi Lin 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.1

We use both the zero-magnetic-field resistivity and the phase coherence time determined by weaklocalization as independent thermometers for Dirac fermions (DF) in multilayer graphene. In thehigh current (I) region, there exists a simple power law TDF / I0.5, where TDF is the effective Diracfermion temperature for epitaxial graphene on SiC. In contrast, TDF / I1 in exfoliated multilayergraphene. We discuss possible reasons for the different power laws observed in these multilayergraphene systems. Our experimental results on DF-phonon scattering may find applications ingraphene-based nanoelectronics.

國家自然資源管理體制下的再共有化 -臺灣野生動物共管制度的興起與最新趨勢-

Hsing-Sheng Tai(따이싱셩),I-Chi Lu(루이츠) 역사문화학회 2019 지방사와 지방문화 Vol.22 No.1

본 논문은 타이완의 자연자원에 대한 “리커머닝” 과정을 특히 토착민의 맥락과 연관하여 분석하고자 한다. 가장 대표적이고도 중요한 공유재의 일종인 야생동물은 지금까지 타이완 토착 사회의 일상과 문화적 관습에 있어 핵심적인 것이었다. 자신들의 자연자원 권리를 되찾기 위한 토착민투쟁의 중요성을 강조하기 위하여, 나는 토착(민)-국가 야생동물 공동 운용체제의 부상과 최근의 경향을 연구하였다. 토착적 커먼즈 체제는 전통적 야생동물 사냥 및 운영 기관들을 포함하여 한때 타이완의 토지 및 자연자원을 장악하였다. 야생동물의 경우, 근대 국가 체제의 침략은 상당 부분 토착적 기관에 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나 국가가 토착적 야생동물의 활용과 운영권을 완전히 차지한 것은 1980년대에 이르러서였다. 1989년, 의회에서 야생동물 보호법이 통과되었다. 이는 야생동물 사냥을 완전히 금지하고, 사실상 토착적 기관을 무시하는 것이었으며, 야생동물을 국가 중심적, 지휘 및 통제 방식의 천연자원 운용 체제 하에 실질적으로 포함시켰다. 그러한 엄격한 야생동물 보호법은 토착 야생동물 사냥 관습과 제도에 심각하고도 부정적인 영향을 끼친다. 이는 그간 토착민 운동의 핵심적인 주장 중 하나이기도 하다. 야생동물 사냥과 활용에 관한 토착민들의 법적 권리 요구는 지속적으로 정부 당국과 주류 사회의 저항에 부딪힌다. 다른 한편, 토착 운동 및 환경단체의 몇몇 활동가들과 학자들은 일종의 합의를 이루어 냈고, 최근 몇 년간 야생동물 공동 운용 체제를 이룩하기 위한 연합을 형성했다. 몇몇 이들에게 최종 목표는 독립적이며 자치적인 토착 야생생물 관리체제일 것이다. 2016년, 새로운 가능성이 열렸다. 타이완의 새 대통령 차이잉원(蔡英文)이 토착민들의 전통적 정의를 추구하기 위한 새로운 토착 정책을 공표한 것이다. 해당 정책은 야생동물 보전을 담당하는 국가 기관인 산림부의 기존 경로를 상당히 바꾸어 놓았다. 산림부는 적극적으로 8개의 선구적 프로젝트에 착수하였는데, 이는 학계의 참여 하에 토착(민)-국가 야생동물 공동관리체제를 시행하기 위한 점진적인 과정이었다. 계획적인 리커머닝 과정을 서술하기 위해, 필자들은 트루쿠(Truku)족의 사례를 연구하였다. 이 사례 연구는 외부 기관의 지원과 저항, 커뮤니티 내부의 역학, 자원 운용 능력, 학계와 비정부 기관의 역할 등을 포함한 핵심적인 도전 과제와 현재의 성과들을 제시한다. 이러한 새로운 경험들은 타이완 커먼즈 거버넌스를 향한 체제 전환의 가능성에 관해 비판적 통찰을 제시할 수 있을 것이다. This paper aims to study the “re-commoning” process of natural resources in Taiwan, in particular related to indigenous context. As one of the most typical and important types of common-pool resources, wildlife has been, and still is the core of Taiwan indigenous society’s daily life and culture practice. To highlight the significance of indigenous struggle toward reclaiming their natural resources rights, we study the latest trends of the rise of indigenousstate wildlife co-management regime in Taiwan. Indigenous commons regime, including the traditional wildlife hunting and management institutions, once dominated the land and natural resources in Taiwan. In the case of wildlife, the invasion of modern state regime did to certain extent exerted influences on indigenous institutions. The state, however, has never absolutely taken over the indigenous wildlife use and management rights until 1980s. In 1989, the Wildlife Conservation Act was passed by the parliament, which absolutely prohibits wildlife hunting, ignores the de facto indigenous institutions, and virtually includes wildlife as part of the state-centric, command-and-control natural resources management regime. The strict Wildlife Conservation Act causes serious, negative impacts on indigenous wildlife hunting practice, as well as its institutions. This has also been one of the focuses of indigenous movement’s claims. The indigenous claim of legal rights of wildlife hunting and management is steadily withstand by both the state authority and the mainstream society. Meanwhile some activists in the indigenous movement, environmental organizations, and academics achieved some sort of consensus, and formed a coalition to pursue a co-management wildlife regime in recent years. For some people, the goal might be an autonomous, self-governed indigenous wildlife management regime. In 2016, a new window of opportunity arose. The new Taiwan President, Tsai In-Wen, declared a new indigenous policy toward pursuing transitional justice for indigenous rights. The policy significantly changed the traditional route of the state authority, the Forestry Bureau, which is in charge of the wildlife conservation. The Forestry Bureau actively initiated eight pioneer projects, trying to build up step by step an indigenous-state wildlife co-management regime, in which the academics are also involved. To illustrate the deliberate re-commoning process, we study a case of Truku Tribe. The case study unpacks some of the key challenges and current achievements, including the support and/or resistance of external institutions, intra-community dynamics, management capacity, and the roles of academics and non-governmental organizations. These novel experiences may offer critical insights for a possible paradigm shift of commons governance in Taiwan.

임파종과 백혈병 (증예 보고 및 문헌고찰)

조한익,김상인,지제근,안긍환 대한병리학회 1969 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.3 No.1

태아의 하악에서 발견된 이상결절 1례의 연구

이치연,이동주,조이수,김승인,이지연,김은철 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1996 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.5 No.2

Dens evaginatus is a rare developmental anomaly in which an enamel-covered tubercle projects from the occlusal surface of a tooth. usually lower second premolar. When the tubercle fractures, the pulpal extension into the tubercle may be exposed, which results in early pulpal necrosis, periapical infection and even osteomyelitis. We found the dens evaginatus in 16-week-old fetal mandible. Microscopically, we observed the protrusion of dental papilla into the dental organ and hard tissue formation which will be the tubercle by serial section. This anomaly was reported to be very rare in tooth development of fetus, so we reported this finding with brief review of literatures.

Cerebral Leiomyoma in a Child

Wang, K.-C Korean Academy of Medical Science 1997 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.12 No.4

Microwave Determination of Moisture

Nham, H.S.,Choi, B.I.,Chi,D.,Park, C.B.,Park, N.S.,Kim, M.W. 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1991 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.2 No.1

We have developed a microwave method of moisture determination of several materials in free space. A bridge technique at the frequency of 9.5 GHz has been employed to determine the moisture content of building sand, pine wood etc.. It can be modified for continuous and non-destructive measurement of moisture contents of non-metallic materials such as coal, pulp, foods, building materials and so on. The possibility of developing moisture profile measurement system (i.e, microwave imaging technique) will be examined.

피지 상피종의 1예

박성회,지제근,김용일 대한병리학회 1979 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.13 No.2

甚한 喉頭腫瘍을 隨伴한 Weber-Christian氏病의 1例

朴祥用,李正煥,盧寬澤,吳仁錫,池堤根 中央醫學社 1940 中央醫學 Vol.9 No.5

Authors experienced a case considered as Weber-Christian disease by clinical symptoms and histopathological findings, which was accompanied with severe pharyngeal ulceration and massive bleeding from the pharyngeal wall. The case, 54 years old Korean woman, admitted in this hospital because of sore throat, dysphagia, anorexia, and general weakness. During hospitalization, recurrent subcutaneous nodules were noticed on the areas of left breast, flexor side of right forearm, and both inner thighs and intermittent high fever continued. Histological examinations of the subcutaneous nodules were reported to be consistent with the findings of Weber-Christian disease. The patient was expired on the 42nd hospital day without any response to penicillin, sulfa drugs, and corticosteroids administration.

Investigating the metabolic alterations in a depressive-like rat model of chronic forced swim stress: An <i>in vivo</i> proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study at 7T

Yoo, Chi-Hyeon,Lim, Song-I,Song, Kyu-Ho,Woo, Dong-Cheol,Choe, Bo-Young Elsevier 2018 Neurochemistry International Vol.116 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although recent investigations of major depressive disorder (MDD) have focused on the monoaminergic system, accumulating evidences suggest that alternative pathophysiological models of MDD and treatment options for patients with MDD are needed. Animals subjected to chronic forced swim stress (CFSS) develop behavioral despair. The purpose of this study was to investigate the <I>in vivo</I> effects of CFSS on systems other than the monoamine system in the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) with 7T and short-echo-time (16.3 ms) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<SUP>1</SUP>H MRS). Ten male Wistar rats underwent 14 days of CFSS, and <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS and forced swim tests were performed before and after CFSS. Point-resolved spectroscopy was used to quantify metabolite levels in the rat PFC. To investigate spectral overlap in glutamate and glutamine, spectral analyses in the spectra obtained in the <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS, parametrically matched spectral simulation, and <I>in vitro</I> experiments were performed. The results of the spectral analyses showed that the glutamate/glutamine spectral overlap was not critical, which suggested that <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS can be used to reliably assess the glutamate system. The rats showed significantly increased immobility times and decreased climbing times in the FST after CFSS, which suggested that the rats developed behavioral despair. The pre-CFSS and post-CFSS glutamate and glutamine levels did not significantly differ (<I>p</I> > 0.050). The levels of myo-inositol, total choline, and N-acetylaspartate, myo-inositol/creatine, and total choline/creatine increased significantly (<I>p</I> < 0.050). Similar findings have been reported in patients with MDD. Taken together, these results suggest that the CFSS-induced metabolic alterations were similar to those found in patients and that high-field and short-echo-time <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS can be used to investigate depression-induced metabolic alterations. Such investigations might provide alternative insights into the nonmonoaminergic pathophysiology and treatment of depression.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chronic forced swim stress induced depression-like metabolic changes. </LI> <LI> High-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and brain metabolite system. </LI> <LI> Spectral analyses for estimating the spectral overlap in the Glu system. </LI> </UL> </P>

Metabolic effects of light deprivation in the prefrontal cortex of rats with depression-like behavior: <i>In vivo</i> proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T

Yoo, Chi-Hyeon,Song, Kyu-Ho,Lim, Song-I,Woo, Dong-Cheol,Choe, Bo-Young Elsevier 2018 Brain Research Vol.1687 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recent evidence suggests that the glutamate system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of light deprivation (LD) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of animals with depression-like behavior, targeting the glutamate system, using <I>in vivo</I> proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<SUP>1</SUP>H MRS). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were housed in constant darkness for six weeks (n = 12; LD group), while controls (n = 8) were housed under normal light cycles. The animals were assessed with forced swim tests. Point-resolved spectroscopy was used to quantify metabolite levels in the PFC. To substantiate the validity of the use of <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS in this study, the spectra obtained in the <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS, parametrically matched spectral simulation, and <I>in vitro</I> experiments were analyzed. The results of the spectral analyses showed that the quantification of glutamate and glutamine was not significantly affected by spectral overlaps. Thus, these results suggested that <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS can be used to reliably investigate the glutamate system. The results of the forced swim test showed LD-induced behavioral despairs in the animals. The levels of glutamate, myo-inositol, phosphocreatine, and total creatine were found significantly (<I>p</I> < 0.010) increased in the PFC of the LD animals compared with the controls. These results suggested that the LD-induced metabolic changes were consistent with the previous findings in patients with MDD and that short-echo-time <I>in vivo</I> <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS can be used to effectively measure depression-induced alterations in glutamate systems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>In vivo</I> proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for assessing the glutamate system. </LI> <LI> Depression-like metabolic changes in the prefrontal cortex of light-deprived animals. </LI> <LI> Insights into the depression-like changes and disrupted circadian rhythms. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>