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Liang, Chi-Te,Lin, Li-Hung,Kuang Yoa, Chen,Lo, Shun-Tsung,Wang, Yi-Ting,Lou, Dong-Sheng,Kim, Gil-Ho,Yuan-Huei, Chang,Ochiai, Yuichi,Aoki, Nobuyuki,Chen, Jeng-Chung,Lin, Yiping,Chun-Feng, Huang,Lin, Sh Springer 2011 Nanoscale research letters Vol.6 No.1
<P>A direct insulator-quantum Hall (I-QH) transition corresponds to a crossover/transition from the insulating regime to a high Landau level filling factor ν > 2 QH state. Such a transition has been attracting a great deal of both experimental and theoretical interests. In this study, we present three different two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs) which are in the vicinity of nanoscaled scatterers. All these three devices exhibit a direct I-QH transition, and the transport properties under different nanaoscaled scatterers are discussed.</P>
Shu-Li Cheng,Fu-Chi Yang,Hsuan-Te Chu,Chia-Kuang Tsai,Shih-Chieh Ku,Yu-Ting Tseng,Ta-Chuan Yeh,Chih-Sung Liang 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.12
Objective Schizophrenia has been associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Furthermore, alterations in neurotrophic factors might contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a simulated laughter intervention on the levels of cortisol and BDNF and to determine whether the effects associated with simulated laughter could be sustained after discontinuation of the intervention. Methods In this randomized controlled study, patients with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV clinical criteria were randomly assigned to receive either 8-week-long simulated laughter intervention (n=32) or treatment-as-usual group (control group, n=27). The serum levels of BDNF and cortisol were measured at baseline, week 8, and four weeks after discontinuation (week 12) of the intervention program. Results After an 8-week simulated laughter intervention, the laughter group had significantly higher levels of BDNF; however, four weeks after discontinuation of the intervention, the levels of BDNF significantly dropped. Interestingly, the levels of cortisol did not change significantly at week 8, but they were significantly elevated at week 12. The levels of BDNF and cortisol in the control group did not change significantly between week 0 and week 8. Conclusion These findings suggest that the simulated laughter intervention has an early effect on neurogenesis with a significant delayed effect on stress regulation in subjects with schizophrenia.
Ta-Chuan Yeh,Hsuan-Te Chu,Chia-Kuang Tsai,Hsin-An Chang,Fu-Chi Yang,San-Yuan Huang,Chih-Sung Liang 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.8
Objective Since the inflammatory process has been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorder, an important issue emerging is to assess the test-retest reliability of cytokine measurement in healthy individuals and patients with schizophrenia. The objective of the present study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of bead-based multiplex immunoassay technology (BMIT) for cytokine measurement by using a Bland-Altman plot (BAP). Methods Twenty healthy individuals and twenty patients with schizophrenia were enrolled, and a 17-plex cytokine assay was used to measure inflammatory biomarkers at baseline and two weeks later. The test-retest reliability was examined by BAP, 95% limits of agreement (LOA), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and coefficient of repeatability (CoR). Results In the healthy controls, only interleukin (IL)-2, IL-13, IL-10, IL-17, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β showed excellent ICC. The BAP with 95% LOA determined that 13 cytokines showed acceptable 95% LOA for a 2-week test-retest reliability, and only IL-1β, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α had significant test-retest bias. The CoR of cytokines varied significantly, ranging from 1.72 to 218.1. Compared with healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia showed significantly higher levels of IL-5, IL-13, and TNF-α and significantly lower levels of IL-4, IL-12, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Of these six cytokines, IL-12 and TNF-α were considered suboptimal reliability. Conclusion The findings from ICC and CoR implied that the test-retest reliability of BMIT for cytokine measurement were suboptimal. However, the BAP with 95% LOA confirmed that BMIT can reliably distinguish schizophrenia from healthy individuals in cytokine measurement, while significant within-subject variation and between-group overlapping were evident in cytokine expression.
Jing-Han Chen,Chi-Te Liang,Chun-Feng Huang,Da-Ren Hang,David A. Ritchie,J. C. Hsiao,Jyun-Ying Lin,Michelle Y. Simmons,Ming-Gu Lin,S. H. Lo,Tsai-Yu Huang 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.3
By applying a magnetic field perpendicular to GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs), we study the low-field Landau quantization when the thermal damping is reduced with decreasing temperature. Magneto-oscillations following the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) formula are observed even when their amplitudes are so large that the deviation to such a formula is expected. Our experimental results show the importance of the positive magneto-resistance to the extension of the SdH formula under the damping induced by the disorder.
Effective Mass and Land´e g-factor in Si-MOSFETs near the Critical Density
Lhoussine Limouny,Abdelhamid El kaaouachi,Chi-Te Liang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.3
We analyze the electrical resistivity and conductivity of a dilute two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG) in a Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. When a magnetic field is appliedparallel to the plane of the 2DEG, a signature of complete spin polarization, as evidenced by thesaturation of the resistivity, is observed. We measured the effective mass and the Land´e g-factornear the metal-insulator transition (MIT) and found that the Land´e g-factor remained almostconstant and close to its value in bulk silicon. In contrast, we have observed a sharp increase inthe effective mass near the critical density of the MIT. Our new results suggest that the sharpincrease in the previously-observed spin susceptibility is mainly due to the enhanced effective mass. Therefore, renormalization of the effective mass could play an important role in a dilute spinpolarized2DEG. The data indicate that electron-electron interactions strongly modify the effectivemass but only weakly affect the g-factor in a dilute 2DEG. Moreover, our results indicate that Bc,which corresponds to the magnetic field at which the magnetoresistivity reaches saturation, vanishesat a characteristic density n higher than the critical density nc of the MIT. This is in contrastto the existing experimental results, and further studies are required if this discrepancy is to beunderstood.
Influence of the Incorporation of Aluminum on the Optical Properties of MCM-41
Ya-Ping Hsieh,Yang-Fang Chen,Ai-Qin Wang,Chi-Te Liang,Chung-Yuan Mou,Ji-Wei Chen 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.6
Different ratios of aluminum were incorporated into MCM-41. PL measurements revealed a blue shift and an enhancement in intensity by 2 orders of magnitude as the Si : Al ratio was decreased to 14. By comparing the PL and the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra of aluminosilicate MCM-41 to silica MCM-41 and to published reports on similar materials, we are able to identify the origin of the photoluminescence enhancement.
E.S Kannan,Gil Ho Kim,D. H. Youn,Chi-Te Liang,Jing-Han Chen,Jyun-Ying Lin,Kuang Yao Chen,Kwang-Yong Kang,Li-Hung Lin,N.C. Chen,Zhi-Yao Zhang 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.6
We report comparative magnetoresistance measurements of the two-dimensional electron gas formed in two different GaN/AlGaN quantum well structures with different starting disorder. The longitudinal magnetoresistance measurements for both the samples exhibited temperature-independent crossing points, evidence for a weak insulator - quantum Hall transition. Our data suggest that the onset of Landau quantization does not correspond to the crossing point. Moreover, the effect of the electron-electron interaction must be taken into account because the Hall resistivity shows a strong temperature dependence in the more disordered sample. Our experimental results, therefore, urge further studies on the low-field weak insulator - quantum Hall transition
Yi-Ting Wang,Chun-Kai Yang,Sheng-Di Lin,Chi-Te Liang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.10
We have performed magneto-transport measurements on a two-dimensional electron system(2DES) which is in close proximity to nanoscaled scatterers. Weak localization, as evidenced bynegative magnetoresistance, is observed. In this work, we use the extracted phase coherence rateas a thermometer to measure the electron’s effective temperature Te in our 2DES when a highdriving current I flows through the device. We find that Te / I0.52, consistent with 1/ep T2in two dimensions, where 1/ep is the electron-phonon scattering rate. However, the phase coherencerate 1/ T, with a very small offset, is consistent with zero-temperature dephasing. Mostimportantly, our experimental results are in agreement with the fact that at low temperatures, thedominant phase-breaking mechanism is electron-electron scattering, not electron-phonon scattering. Therefore we are able to investigate both electron-electron scattering and electron-phonon scatteringwhich are, in most cases, difficult to study independently in the linear region. Our data showthat the electron heating effect is a very powerful tool for studying semiconductor devices.
Non-monotonic Magnetoresistivity in Two-dimensional Electron Systems
Yi-Ting Wang,Tak-Pong Woo,Shun-Tsung Lo,김길호,Chi-Te Liang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.10
The connection being studied is the one between the non-monotonic magnetoresistivity (MR) andthe electron-electron interaction (EEI) correction in weakly-disordered two-dimensional electronsystems (2DESs) in the ballistic region kBT/~ > 1, where kB, T, , and ~ are the Boltzmannconstant, the temperature, the scattering time, and the reduced Planck constant, respectively. Atzero magnetic field, a transition of the resistivity (T) from the insulating region d/dT < 0 tothe metallic region d/dT > 0 is observed. The MR shows a maximum, and with increasing T,the position of the MR maximum in B increases for both GaAs-based (sample A) and GaN-based(sample B) 2DESs. Our data suggest that the EEI plays an important role in such a non-monotonicMR effect and in the temperature dependence of the resistivity.
Wang, Yi-Ting,Woo, Tak-Pong,Lo, S.-T.,Kim, Gil-Ho,Liang, Chi-Te Korean Physical Society 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.10
In this report, we will discuss the nonmonotonic magnetoresistance (MR) in an AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) in a perpendicular magnetic field B in the ballistic region (kBT tau/A < 1) and in the weakly-disordered limit (kFl = 159 a parts per thousand << 1), where kB, T, tau, A , k F, and l represent the Boltzmann constant, temperature, elastic scattering time, reduced Planck constant, Fermi wave vector and mean free path, respectively. The MR shows a local maximum between the weak localization (WL) and the Shubnikov-de Haas regions. In the low magnetic field regime, the quantum correction to the conductivity is proportional to T (-3/2), which is consistent with a recent theory [T. A. Sedrakyan, and M. E. Raikh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 106806 (2008)]. According to our results, as the temperature is increased, the position of the MR maximum in B increases. These results cannot be explained by present theories. Moreover, in the high-magnetic-field regime, neither the magnetic and nor the temperature dependences of the observed MR is consistent with present theories. We, therefore, suggest that while some features of the observed nonmonotonic MR can be successfully explained, further experimental and theoretical studies are necessary to obtain a thorough understanding of the MR effects.