정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애에 대한 올란자핀의 효과와 안전성

안용민,강대엽,권준수,김창윤,김철응,반건호,신영민,이기철,이동우,이중서,조현상,채정호,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 본 다기관 공동임상연구는 국내 환자를 대상으로 새로운 항정신병약물인 올라자핀의 치료 효과와 안전성을 확인하고자 시행되었다. 방 법 : 1999년 7월부터 2000년 3월까지 국내 10개 병원에 방문한 정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애 105명을 대상으로 비대조 개방 임상연구를 시행하였다. 중등도 이상의 정신병 증상을 지니거나, 부작용으로 약물교체가 필요한 경우 또는 기분장애 증상의 치료가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 2∼7일간의 약물 배설기간 후에 1일 10mg의 올란자핀을 투여하였고, 이후로 3∼7일 간격으로 용량을 조절하여 총 8주간 투여하였다. 치료 효과는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression-Severity), MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety)로 판정하였다. 안전성 평가는 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 활력징후와 혈액 검사 및 SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale), BARS(Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale), AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale)척도를 이용하였다. 결 과 : 105명중에서 85.7%인 90명이 8주간의 치료를 완료하였다. 평균 최빈 용량은 일일 16.1(±4.7)mg이었고, 종료시점에서의 BPRS전체 점수가 기저 상태에 비해 40%이상 감소된 반응군은 69.5%이었다. PANSS의 양성 증후군과 일반정신병리 뿐만 아니라 음성 증후군 소척도에서도 유의한 감소를 보였으며, 이 감소들은 치료 초기부터 나타나서 8주간 지속되었다. 43.8%의 피험자가 중등도 이상의 우울증상을 같이 지니고 있었으며, 올란자핀에 의해 MADRS와 HAM-A가 유의하게 감소하였다. 치료 기간 동안에 활력징후에는 뚜렷한 변화가 없었으나 체중은 8주간 지속적으로 증가하였다. SAS와 AIMS는 감소하였으며, 정좌불능증을 제외한 나머지 추체외로 증상의 발생비율도 낮았다. 임상적인 증상이나 징후를 동반하지 않는 ALT/SGPT의 상승을 보였지만 프로락틴을 포함하는 대부분의 혈액 검사상 뚜렷한 이상 변화는 없었다. 결 론 ; 비록 본 임상연구가 비대조 개방 임상연구로서 많은 제한점을 가지고 있지만, 올란자핀이 기존 약물에 내약성을 보이거나 기분증상을 동반하는 정신병에 치료 효과가 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물 치료시에 문제가 되었던 추체외로 증상과 고프르로락틴 혈증을 포함하는 대부분의 부작용면에서 안전성을 보여 주었다. Objective : This multicenter clinical trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy and the safety of olanzpine for the treatment of Korean patients. Mothod : 105 patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, visited at 10 mental or university hospitals, had received an open and non-comparative treatment with olanzapine for 8 weeks. Patients had psychotic or depressive symptoms with the severity above moderate degree or intolerable side effects to previous antipsychotics. After a wash-out period of 2-7 days, 10mg olanzapine was prescribed initially to all the patients, and then the dosage could be adjusted within the range of 5-20mg/day of olanzapine by 3-7 days. Results : 90(85.7%) of 105 patients completed the 8-weeks trial and the mean modal dose of olanzapine was 16.1(±4.7%)mg/day. At the end of the trial, 73 patients(69.5%) were classified as responder, which was defined as 40% or more improvement in BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) score comparing to baseline. There was a significant reduction in the scores of PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale)and subscales including negative symptom scores and CGI. Also weekly analysis showed that the reductions in scores were kept on for the whole period of the trial. 43.8% of all the patients had depressive symptoms at the baseline and total scores of MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) were also reduced after the trials. Vital signs revealed no clinically significant changes but continuous weight gain was observed during the treatment with olanzapine. The scores of SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale) and AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale) for assessing the EPS(extrapyramidal symptoms)and tardive dyskinesia respectively were significantly decreased and only a few patients reported EPS as adverse events. Although mild and clinically non-significant of ALT/SGPT was observed, most laboratory parameters including plasma prolactin level showed to significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : Although this trial had many limitations because it was a non-comparative and open study, olanzapine showed high efficacy on the positive, negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder.In addition to that, olanzapine showed a substantially favorable safety profile, such as low incidence of EPS and hyperprolactinemia.

신장의 사춘기 성장 동안 초경 발생 시기와 성장 곡선의 형태에 관한 연구

안용수,이기수,남종현,강윤구 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.3

이 연구는 만 7세부터 17세까지의 신장의 누년적 변화를 통해서 사춘기 최대 성장기와 초경 발생 시기와의 관계를 평가하고, 성장 곡선의 형태에 따라 성장 곡선을 분류하여 각 형태별 특징을 파악하고자 시행하였다. 경기도 화성에 있는 삼괴 고등학교에서 1학년부터 3학년까지 96명의 생활기록부에 기재되어 있는 신장의 누년적인 자료가 이용되었으며, 초경 시기와 전신적 질환 유무는 설문지를 통해 조사되었다. 사춘기 성장 가속기는 9.9세에 시작하여 11.6세에 최대 성장기를 이루고 14.1세경에 끝났다. 초경은 12.6세에 일어나며 76.1%는 최대 성장기 이후에 나타나고 최대 성장기와는 1년의 차이를 보인다. 10.4%에서 최대 성장기 전에 초경이 나타났고 13.5%에서는 최대 성장기와 동일한 시점에 나타났다. 초경 시기와 관계없이 사춘기 성장 가속 기간은 4.2년으로 일정하게 나타난다. 성장 곡선을 4가지 형태로 분류하였으며, A형은 51.1%, B형은 21.9%, C형은 20.8%, D형은 6.2%의 분포를 보인다. C형의 성장 가속 기간이 가장 길게 나타난다. B형과 C형에서 PHV가 두 개인 경우는 B형과 C형의 58.5%인 24명에서 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 개개인의 성장 양상은 개인차가 크며 초경뿐만 아니라 누년적인 성장을 참고로 하여 onset의 정확한 시기와 성장 곡선 형태를 파악할 수 있다면 남은 성장 기간 예측에 도움을 줄 것으로 생각된다. Objective: This study investigated the onset, peak height velocity (PHV) and end of adolescent growth spurt as well as menarcheal timing deduced from surveying accumulative height growth over many years. Methods: Ninety six students of Samgoe high school between 1st and 3rd grade that were in good health participated in the research. A survey questionnaire was distributed to examine the students’ health status and menarche timing. Results: Adolescent growth spurt typically began at the age of 9.9 and reached a PHV at the age of 11.6. The growth spurt ended at the age of 14.1 on average. The average age of menarche was 12.6 years, which was about one year after the PHV of adolescent growth spurt. In most cases, menarche came after PHV. But in 24% of the students, menarche and PHV was nearly coincident or menarche preceded PHV. The growth curves were classified into four types. A typical adolescent growth spurt showed one PHV on graph that drastically drops after the PHV. However, there were cases with two PHVs. Conclusions: The results indicate that individual growth patterns show large individual differences, however the categorization into the various growth curves may aid in predicting individual growth patterns.

효소를 이용한 Cyclic Meso-dicarboxylic acid anhydride의 고리열림 반응

안용현,이승준 단국대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

By using the enzyme, we have tried the ring opening of cyclic acid anhydride which is the intermediate in the synthesis of (+)­biotin. Lipase PS, lipase AK, lipase AY, porcine liver esterase, lipase AP­12, lipase M­10, prozyme 6 and lipase M were used as enzymes and methanol, n­propanol, n­octanol and (-)­menthol were applied as a nucleophile. In the absence of enzyme, reaction with n­butanol was proved to proceed less then 1%. The reaction progress was fast when the enzyme was used, but the optical purity of monoester was very poor. When the lipase AK and n­butanol were applied, the optical purity of monoester was 705%ee. However, (-)­menthol was used under the same condition, the optical rotation was opposite and optical purity was 11.2%ee.

소화성 궤양에 대한 Nizatidine의 임상효과

안정기,이기천,허승식,이종선,정현용,이헌영,김영건 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.1

Nizatidine is a newly introduced potent H2-receptor antagonist of acid secretion with long duration of action. For evaluation of clinical efficancy and safety, twenty one patients with endoscopically proved thirteen gastric ulcers and eight duodenal ulcers were treated with nizatidine 300mg at bed time via per os for 6 weeks. The results were as follows 1. The rate of complete endoscopic healing of duodenal ulcer 92.3% and 87.5% after 6 weeks. The overall healing rate of peptic ulcer was achieved in 89.9% at 6 weeks. 2. Clinical symptoms disappeared in 84.6%, 92.3% and 100% of patients with duodenal ulcer and 75.0%, 87.5% and 87.5% patients with gastric ulcer at 2, 4 and 6 weeks respectively. 3. There were not developed any symptoms and signs suggesting side effect of drug. In conclusion, data from this study suggest that nizatidine 300mg p.o. at sleeping time is effective and safe in treatment of peptic ulcer disease, and is well tolerated on a short-term basis.

장거리 달리기 선수에서 횡문근융해와 생화학적 지표의 변화에 대한 연구

안선호,최석채,김태현,나용호,송주흥,이영진,조지현,최석준 대한신장학회 2000 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.19 No.5

재발성 복부 통증을 호소한 환자에서 복벽에 발생한 자궁내막증 1예

홍현진,박성한,이준식,배용목,김지연,안광순,박선자 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.1

Endometriosis is the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Endometriosis in the abdominal scar following cesarean section is very rare condition among the extrapelvic endometriosis. The frequency of abdominal wall endometriosis secondary to cesarean section is from 0.03% to 0.8% in some reports. It is difficult to diagnosed in spite of the typical symptoms. The typical symptom is aching swelling in the area of the surgical scar, which is influenced by the phases of menstruation. The definitive diagnosis is established by pathologic analysis. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice. The majority of patients presented from 1 to 2 years after the precipitating operation. We experienced an unusual case of abdominal wall endometriosis presented over 10 years after cesarean section, who was admitted to our hospital complaining of recurrent left lower abdominal pain. So, we report this case with a brief review of the concerned literatures.

Chromobacterium chocolatum에서의 lipase유전자분리 및 발현

안용현,장지명 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

A kind of vitamin B group. (+)-biotin has been known to have an influence on the growth of an organism and used for feeding material. Biotin has been synthesized by chemical method, and then crystallized with d-ephedrine to get the optically pure form. Lipase have been used for the resolution of chiral compound from racemic mixture. One of intermediates in the biotin synthesis is a diester which is a meso compound. Chromobacterium chocolatum has applied to hydrolyze one methyl ester group. The mono ester was successfully used for the synthesis of (+)-biotin as well as high optical purity. The goal of this research is the genetic cloning of lipase which hydrolyze the dimethyl ester from Chromobacterium chocolatum and identify its enzymatic reaction.

배수관망내 수압부족시 절점수요량의 변화에 대한 기초적 고찰

현인환,이상목,김영환,안용호 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.6

Pressure drop could happen in the water distribution systems due to pipe breaks or maintenance. The pressure drop causes the water service shutdown and nodal water demands should be reduced in some areas. The conventional analysis method of water distribution systems can not consider the change of nodal water demands caused by these pressure drops. This study is to investigate the variation of nodal water demands according to the nodal water pressure and its effect on the analysis of water distribution systems. For these purpose, one real water service district was selected as a study area. As a result, nodal water demand patterns according to the water pressure could be suggested. Also, we could confirm that the suggested new analysis method for the water distribution systems which considering water pressure drops could be more reliable than the conventional method.

서울 남산 도시자연공원의 대기정화기능과 가치

조현길,조용현,안태원 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2003 環境硏究 Vol.20 No.-

본 연구는 서울시 남산 도시자연공원을 대상으로 식생의 대기 CO₂SO₂및 NO₂흡수능을 계향화하여 대기정화에 기여하는 가치를 구명하였다. 활엽수림이 전체 식생면적의 약 54%를 차지하였고, 수령구조는 유목내지는 성장과저으이 수목들로 우점하였다. 평균 교목밀도와 기저면적은 각각 17.5주/100m², 2,580cm²이었다. 식생유형 및 영급별 단위면적당 대기정화능은 기저면적의 변화와 유관하여 영급이 높을수록 증가하였고, 동일 영급내에선 대체로 침엽수림보다는 온효림이나 활엽수림이 더 컸다. 식생유형 전체의 단위면적당 평균 CO₂저장량은 293.8t/ha이었고, 경제가치는 147백만원/ha이었다. 연간 흡수량은 CO₂ 24.6t/ha/yr, SO₂ 17.1kg/hr/yr및 NO₂ 43.9kg/ha/yr이었고 연간 경제가치는 13백만원/ha/yr이었다. 전체 식생명적은 총 72.100t의 CO₂를 저장하고 있으며, 해마다 CO₂6.040t/yr, SO₂4.200kg/yr, NO₂10.770kg/yr을 흡수하는 것으로 나타났다. 그 전체면적의 경제가치는 CO₂저장 약 361억원, 연간 CO₂SO₂및 NO₂흡수 31억원/yr에 상당하였다. 남산 도시자연공원은 해마다 시민 약 1,100인의 CO₂배출량, 2,800인의 SO₂배출량,1.160인의 NO₂배출량을 각각 상쇄시키는 중요한 역할을 담당하였다. 본 연구결과는 도시자연공원의 대기정화 가치를 홍보함은 물론, 보강식재 및 관리의예산확보에 필요한 설득력 있는 기반자료가 될 것으로 기대한다. This study quantified C0₂SO₂and N0₂uptake by vegetation for the Namsan Nature Park in Seoul, and explored values for the park to contribute to atmospheric purification. Broad?leaved forest accounted for about 54% of total forest area, and tree-age structure was dominated by a young; growing tree population. Tree density and basal area averaged 17.5 trees/100㎡ and 2,580c㎡/100㎡, respectively. Atmospheric purification per unit area by forest type and age class was greater in older age classes, associated with changes in basal area, and tended to be greater in broad-leaved or mixed forest than in coniferous forest for the same age classes. Mean CO₂storage per unit area for all the forest types and age classes was 293.8 t/ha and economic value of the CO₂storage was \147millions/ha. Annual uptake averaged 24.6 t/ha/yr for C02' 17.1 kg/ha/yr for 802 and 43.9 kg/ha/yr for N02, and economic value of the annual uptake was W 13millions/ha/yr. Total forest area stored 72,100t of CO₂and annually sequestered 6,040t/yr of CO₂4,200 kg/yr of SO₂and 10,770 kg/yr of NO₂. Economic value of atmospheric purification for the entire area amounted to approximately \ 36,100millions for the CO₂ storage, and \ 3,100millions/yr for the annual CO₂SO₂and NO₂uptake. The park played an important role through annually offsetting CO₂emissions from fossil fuel consumption by 1,100 persons, SO₂emissions by 2,800 persons, and NO₂emissions by 1,160 persons. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public of atmospheric purification values of urban nature parks, but in urging the necessity for replanting and management budgets.

이더넷과 TCP/IP를 지원하는 범용 제어보드 개발

김용각,안현식,오하령 국민대학교 생산기술연구소 2002 공학기술논문집 Vol.25 No.-

As internet becomes popular, it is common that embedded systems support network interfaces such as Ethernet. Many commercial real time operating system can handle various network interfaces. But they are too expensive to be used on cheap controller systems and need too much resources such as memory. In this paper, a microprocessor board with Ethernet controller is developed. uCOS and TCP/IP stack called uCIP which is based on BSD code is ported on that board. uCIP supports various related protocols such as ARP, ICMP, IP, UDP and TCP. It operates stably by fixing some bugs in original uCIP. DHCP is implemented and added to original uCIP.