Paricalcitol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in proximal tubular cells through the prostaglandin E₂ receptor EP4

( Yu Ah Hong ),( Keum Jin Yang ),( So Young Jung ),( Yoon Kyung Chang ),( Cheol Whee Park ),( Chul Woo Yang ),( Suk Young Kim ),( Hyeon Seok Hwang ) 대한신장학회 2017 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.36 No.2

Background: Vitamin D is considered to exert a protective effect on various renal diseases but its underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine whether paricalcitol attenuates inflammation and apoptosis during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal proximal tubular cell injury through the prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) receptor EP4. Methods: Human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were pretreated with paricalcitol (2 ng/mL) for 1 hour and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL). The effects of paricalcitol pretreatment in relation to an EP4 blockade using AH-23848 or EP4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were investigated. Results: The expression of cyclooxygenase-2, PGE₂, and EP4 were significantly increased in LPS-exposed HK-2 cells treated with paricalcitol compared with cells exposed to LPS only. Paricalcitol prevented cell death induced by LPS exposure, and the cotreatment of AH-23848 or EP4 siRNA offset these cell-protective effects. The phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) were decreased and the phosphorylation of Akt was increased in LPS-exposed cells with paricalcitol treatment. AH-23848 or EP4 siRNA inhibited the suppressive effects of paricalcitol on p65 NF-κB nuclear translocation and the activation of Akt. The production of proinflammatory cytokines and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells were attenuated by paricalcitol in LPS exposed HK-2 cells. The cotreatment with an EP4 antagonist abolished these anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Conclusion: EP4 plays a pivotal role in anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects through Akt and NF-κB signaling after paricalcitol pretreatment in LPS-induced renal proximal tubule cell injury.

톨루엔 노출 근로자에서 요중마뇨산 배설농도로 평가한 호흡보호구 착용효과에 관한 연구

김범석,박정일,임현우,김형아,오상용 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

목적 : 보호구 착용 효과에 대한 실제적, 구체적자료를 제시함으로서 예방목적의 보호구 사용에 대한 근로자들의 인식을 제고시키기 위함이다. 방법 : 서울시내에 소재한 일부 그라비아 인쇄소에서 톨루엔이 함유된 잉크 및 희석제를 취급하는근로자 26명을 대상으로 본 연구를 수행하였다. 유기가스용 방독마스크 미착용 상태와 유기가스용 방독마스크 착용후 작업환경 중 톨루엔 개인노출농도와 요중 마뇨산 시간별 농도를 측정, 비교하였다. 결과 : 그라비아 인쇄소의 공기중 톨루엔 개인노출농도는 유기가스용 방독마스크 미착용일과 착용일에서 각각 147.52+57.34 ppm 및 134.55+52.44ppm으로 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 방독마스크 미착용일파 착몽일의 작업종료 후 요중 마뇨산 농도의 기하평균값은 각각 1.5) 10.33:1 g/L 및0.49(0.14) 하였으며 두 일간에 유의한 차이를 보였단. 방독마스크 미착용일에서 요중 마뇨산 농도는 근무시작 4시간 후(오후 작업시작전, 13:00)부터 유의하게 증가하기 시작하였으며, 착용일에서는 근무종료시까지 유의한 증가를 보이지 않았다. 유기가스용 방독마스크 착용 효과를 톨루엔 대사산물인 요중마뇨산 농도로 평가하면 착용시 농도가 미착용시에비하여 89.3% 감소하였다. 보호구 미착용일에 있어서 공기중 톨루엔 개인노출농도와 요중 마뇨산 농도는 유의한 상관성을 나타났으며 회귀방정식은 Y(요중 마뇨산, g/L) =0. OO7x (공기중 톨루엔, ppm)+0.665로 계산되었다. 결론 : Fit Test등 올바른 보호구 착용 교육을 통한 전 작업시간에 걸친 유기가스용 방독마스크 보호구 착용은 직업적인 톨루엔 노출의 호흡기 흡수를거의 대부분 차단하였다. Objectives : This study was carried out in order to raise workers' recognition of the effects of respirator use by providing concrete and practical data. Methods : Twenty-six workers who dealt with toluene based ink and diluents at a gravure printing office in Seoul were investigated. The toluene exposure level and urinary hippuric acid level were monitored under respirator non-wearing (RNW) and under respiratory wearing (RW) conditions. Results : The mean concentrations of toluene exposed to each worker through the air of gravure printing office were 147.52±57.34 and 134.55±52.44 ppm on respirator non-wearing day and respirator wearing day, respectively. There was no significant difference in toluene exposure concentration for the two days. The mean concentration of urinary hippuric acid in RNW and RW groups were 1.51 (0.53) g/L and 0.49 (0.14) g/L, respectively, as measured at the end of the workday. There was a significant difference seen in urinary hippuric acid concentration between the two days. The urinary hippuric acid concentration began to increase at 4 hours after the start of the workday (13:00) in RNW. However, there was no significant increase until the end of the workday in the case of RW. The urinary hippuric acid concentration in RW reduced 89.3% as compared with the concentration seen in RNW. There was a significant correlation between the toluene concentration and the urinary hippuric acid concentration in RNW. The regression equation was Y (urinary hippuric acid concentration, g/L) = 0.007 ×χ(toluene concentration in the air, ppm) + 0.665. Conclusions : Our results indicate that the respirator intercepted most toluene that may have been absorbed Into the respiratory organs, and suggested that properly wearing a respiratory such as wearing the respirator during the entire workday and performing a proper fit test played an important role in the protection from toluene exposure

K-WAIS에 나타나는 유동적 지능과 결정적 지능의 발달 경향에 관한 연구

송현옥,박아청,김남선 한국성인교육학회 2008 Andragogy Today : International Journal of Adult & Vol.11 No.2

The purpose of this study was to measure how the intelligence of the adult is developing in proportion to their sex, schoolwork, standard of living as they grow old. Both Gf and Gc has been conducted by means of K-WAIS, and then Gf (done) by Perfonnance Scale, Gc by Verbal one respectively. This study collected the data from 280 persons in total, and which was classified into age-groups(i.e; from 20 to 24, 25 to 34, 35 to 44, 45 to &1, 55 to 64) according to the intelligence Scale developed by Wechsler's intelligence Scale, and also analyzed accordingly. The results of this study are as follows; First, there has been a significant difference between Gc and Gf(at the adult period)in proportion to their ages. Second, Gc and Gf have not statistically significant in proportion to their sex. Third, Gf and Gc with the schoolwork at the later-adult pehod has been as higher significantly in comparison with that at an early period in proportion to their academic background and ages. Fourth, in comparison of Gf and Gc between the higher standard of living and that of the lower one, the former has been higher significantly than the latter. 본 연구는 성인의 지능이 연령이 증가하면서, 성별, 학업별, 경제적 수준별에 따라서 어떻게 발달하는가를 K-WAIS측정도구로 유동적 지능(Gf)과 결정적 지능(Gc)을 측정하였다. Gf검사는 K-WAIS의 동작성 검사(Performance Scale)로, Gc검사는 K-WAIS의 언어성검사(Verbal Scale)로 측정하였고, 연구의 대상은 웩슬러(Wechsler)는 지능검사(Intelligence Scale)의 연령별 분류 기준인 20∼24세, 25∼34세, 35∼44세, 45∼54세, 55∼64세의 5개 그룹으로 나누어 총 280명을 대상으로 성인지능 발달 경향을 분석하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연령이 증가함에 따라 성인기의 Gf, Gc는 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 성별에 따른 Gf, Gc는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 셋째, 학업에 따른 Gf, Gc의 성인 초기와 성인후기의 발달경향은 Gf, Gc 모두 성인후기가 유의미하게 높았다. 넷째, 경제적 수준이 높은 집단과 낮은 집단이 Gf, Gc는 경제적수준이 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 유의미하게 높았다.

모 컴퓨터 회사 근로자 건강증진 사업 전개를 위한 수요조사

임현우,안병용,최환석,박정일,김경수,이강숙,김정아,구정완 가톨릭대학산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1997 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.36 No.4

Before conducting the health promotion program, we surveyed the health risk appraisal(HRA) of 210 workers (186 men and 24 women) in a computer company, for the need assessment, selection of target population, priority setting, and as a standard for comparision after performing the program. The smokers were 115(88.6%), and drinkers (over 1 bottle of Soju per week) were 91(44.8%) in men. Entire women and 148(78.0%) men never or irregularly exercise. Type A personality were 73(39.2%) in men, 8(33.3%) in women, and 26(14.0%) of men and 6(25.0%) of women were high stress risk group. 53(25.2%) of men and 2(8.3%) of women were obese (BMI ≥25kg/m²), and workers who consumed exess of total calory compared with recommendation were 142(76.3%) in men and 18(75%) of women. By the health risk appraisal, it was suggested that smoking cessation program, drinking counselling, exercise prescription, stress management, and weight control program should be conducted effectively for the high risk group.

보건관리 대행사업장 근로자에서 건강증진에 대한 5년 사이의 지식, 태도 및 실천의 변화

임현우,김정아,안병용,박정일,구정완,이강숙 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Before and after conducting the health promotion program by group occupational health service during 5 years, we surveyed knowledge, attitude and practice about general health (30 items) and occupational health(30 items) among 25 small and medium scale industry workers(before: 355 workers, after: 279 workers) for evaluation of effectiveness. The scores of knowledge for smoking, drinking, cholesterol, mental stress, management of hypertension, and risks in younger or women workers were significantly increased after conducting group occupational health service. The scores of attitude for controlling of fatty food consumption and cleaning workplace and bathing for health and that of practice for taking the periodic health examination and checking blood pressure were significantly increased but most of items in attitude and practice didn't be changed after services. According to sex, the scores of men were significantly increased in knowledge of general health, but there were not significant differences in age, job status and work duration group. In conclusion, through the group occupational health service during 5 years, only the scores of knowledge in general health were increased. It suggested that the effective program which can change workers' attitude and practice for health promotion, should be developed and conducted in small and medium scale industry workers.

리더-구성원의 성별조합에 따른 LMX의 효과성 연구

강정애,김현아 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구소 2005 아시아여성연구 Vol.44 No.2

본 연구는 리더의 성별에 대한 리더십 연구의 한계점을 인식하고 리더·구성원의 성별조합에 따른 리더십 효과성에 대해 연구하였다. 특히 리더·구성원의 신뢰를 바탕으로 한 수평적 상호관계와 구성원의 중요성을 인식한 LUX(Leader Member Exchange)이론을 기본으로 하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 성별조합 중 남성 리더와 남성 구성원에서 LMX 효과성이 가장 높게 나타났으나 LMX 효과성의 하위요소 중 정서적 유대감, 공헌에서는 남성 리더와 여성 구성원이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 즉, 리더의 성별이 남성이라도 구성원의 성별에 따라 결과가 다르게 나타났다. 둘째, 리더·구성원의 성별조합에 따른 LMX 효과성의 차이에서는 조절변수인 조직풍토의 하위요소 중 자율성을 제외한 직위구조, 지원, 보상에서 여성 리더와의 조합일 때 높은 효과성을 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과에 의하면 LMX 효과성은 리더의 성별이 남성이나, 여성이냐의 차원이 아닌 구성원을 고려한 리더와 구성원의 성별조합의 차원에서 달리 나타난다는 발전적인 시사점을 주고 있다. This study was based on the recognition of the problems involved in the effectiveness research on the leadership classified according to their genders. In particular, the study employed Leader Member Exchange (LMX) theory. The research findings of the current study are as follows: First, the maximum LMX effectiveness was found between the male leader and the male subordinate. In the parts of psychological relationship and contribution among the four categories of the LMX effectiveness, the pair of the male leader and the female subordinate showed the lowest level of LMX effectiveness. Second, out of the four control variables present in the current study, three variables such as position structure, support system, compensation system were observed to be manifested in a higher level of effectiveness when the leader is female. Such research findings suggest that it is the combination of gender relationship between the leader and his or her subordinate that affects the level of effectiveness, rather than the gender itself of the leader.

경기도 일부 지역 청소년들의 치과공포 및 불안에 대한 연구

심연수,김아현,안소연 大韓小兒齒科學會 2011 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 경기지역 일부 중학생의 치과치료 관련 공포 및 불안 수준을 측정하고, 그와 관련된 요인 및 이에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 분석하여 불안과 공포감을 완화시킬 수 있는 방법을 모색하여 보다 편안하고 효율적인 구강건강관리가 이루어 질 수 있도록 하는데 있다. 본 연구는 경기도 일부 중학생 622명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 남학생 337명, 여 학생 277명으로서 과거 치과치료 경험이 있는 총 614명의 자료를 이용하였다. 분석 방법은 각 문항별 답변의 분포를 알아보 기 위해 빈도분석을 실시하였고, 남녀별 응답의 차이를 검정하기 위해 교차분석을 실시하였으며 공포점수의 비교를 위하여 Mann-whitney U 검정을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 경기도 일부 중학생들은 치과 전문가가 일반적으로 생각하지 못한 부분에 서도 치과공포를 느끼는 것으로 나타났고, 진료실에서 직접 치료를 하는 경우와 관련된 항목에서 공포를 느끼는 경우가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 여학생이 남학생보다 높은 수준의 치과공포도를 보였다(p<0.05). The objective of this study is to measure the fear and anxiety levels of some middle school students in Gyeonggi Province, to analyze the relevant factors, to seek how to alleviate such fear and anxiety and thus enable to make a comfortable and efficient oral management. Six hundred twenty two middle school students in Gyeonggi Province participated in the survey, which used the data of 614 respondents, i.e. 337 males and 277 females. A frequency analysis was conducted to determine the distribution of answers for each question, a crosstabulation analysis was performed to verify the gender differences in answer and an Mann-whitney U test was used to compare fear scores. According to the results patients feared even in unexpected circumstances. In addition, they feared when receiving direct treatment. In terms of gender, female students showed higher levels of fear than male ones (p<0.05).

요양급여 적정성 평가체계 혁신 중장기 계획

김상지,전숙경,이창원,정영애,안재영,안유미,권아영,임상희,최정남,윤미선,변의형,조미현 건강보험심사평가원 2021 HIRA RESEARCH Vol.1 No.2

망간중독에 대한 고찰

임 영,김경아,윤중임,임현우 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1991 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.30 No.1

Manganese is an essential mineral for human beings and animals. It is important to the production of steel and is used for the production of alloys with copper, aluminium, magnesium, and cast iron. And the job of drilling with pneumatic drills has been reported to be one of the most significant sources of manganese exposure and poisoning. We experienced 3 workers who worked in the process of welding load manufacuring and were diagnosed as the manganese poisoning by various laboratory data and physical examination and neurological examination.

식이섬유질원이 포함된 식이가 흰쥐의 장내 균총조성에 미치는 영향

이상선,이현아,김연희 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 1996 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.14

This study was performed to investigate the influence of dietary fiber from the whole food on the composition of intestinal microflora in rats. The fiber sources of experimental diets were prepared by drying and milling of small water dropwort(WD), mugwort(MW), butterbur(BB) and apple(AP). Each fiber sources was mixed at the 15% level of the diet. The level of dietary fiber in WD, MW, BB diets was simillar but that in AP diet was slightly low. Male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were blocked into 5 groups: WD, MW, BB, AP, FF(fiber free), The animal was fed ad libitum each of experimental diets for 37 days. Total viable counts and the numbers of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroidaceae, Eubacterium, Peptococcaceae, Streptococcus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, E. coli were determined by nonselective and various selective media. Food intake of AP and FF groups were lower than the other groups, FF group was lower than the other groups in flood efficiency ratio. Total viable counts were the highest in FF group. The number of Bacteroides, Eubacterium were higher in AP group compared with other groups and that of streptococcus was lower in MW, BB, AP groups than others. The number of Lactobacillus was higher in WD, MW, BB groups than the other groups and that of Bifidobacterium was higher in BB, AP groups. A decrease in the intestinal population of Clostridium was shown in MW, BB groups. These findings suggests that the samll water dorpwort, mugwort butterbur are effective in improving intestinal flora of rats.