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들깻잎이 재배 및 저장기간중 Procymidone 및 Bifenthrin의 잔류량변화
고광용,이용재,원동준,박혜진,이규승 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.1
들깻잎에서 procymidone과 bifenthrin의 경우 안전사용기준인 약제살포 후 5일에 각각의 농도가 38.16, 1.77 mg/kg 이지만 이는 살포 조건과 재배환경에 따른 농약의 초기부착농도가 높은데서 기인한 것이라고 예상되어진다. 앞에서의 결과들로 미루어 볼 때 일반적인 농약의 안전사용기준으로 농약을 처리한다면 최초살포 이후 재배기간에서 5일간 50% 이상 이 분해되고 10일 후에는 90%이상이 분해된다. 또한 상온저장 중 20~40%가 분해되며 수돗물 세척에 의해서 만으로도 50%이상이 제거되므로 조리과정을 감안하지 않더라도 초기살포량의 약 90%는 분해 또는 제거되어 안전사용기준에 의거하여 사용한다면 두 약제 모두 MRL이하로 잔류하게 되어 별다른 문제가 없을 것으로 예상되어진다. 하지만 현행법상 수확 시점에 그 잔류량을 조사하도록 되어 있으므로 깻잎의 경우 재배가 대부분 하우스에서 이루어짐을 감안한다면 두 약제 모두 초기살포시 작물체로서의 부착량이 많을 경우에 수확시점에서의 잔류량이 MRL을 상회할 가능성도 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 이에 따른 약제 사용량의 축소나 저농도 약제의 사용, 살포일수의 조정 등에 관한 연구가 필요하다고 본다. In order to know residual pattern of pesticides and to predict degradation period until below MRL, we experimented with procymidone and bifenthrin for perlua leaf which were the most detected pesticides by NAQS (National Agriculture-product Quality management Service) survey. In this experiment, we sprayed those pesticides 10 days before harvest and analyzed 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 day samples to establish logical equation and to calculate DT_(50). Also degradation patterns of those samples were compared during storage at 4℃ and 20℃. During cultivating period, procymidone residue amount was changed from 79.52 mg/kg (0 day) to 4.2 mg/kg, DT_(50) was 2.65 days by logical-equation, and bifenthrin residue amount was changed from 5.03 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.17 mg/kg, DT_(50) was 2.24 days. During storage period, DTso of procymidone and bifenthrin at 4℃ was 12.23 days and 10.57 days, and at 20℃ was 6.32 days and 8.2 days, respectively.
한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고
양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1
The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.
Ko, Hye-Dong,Park, Hee-Ju,Kang, Ju-Chan The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.5
The study investigated the changes in growth performance, hematological parameters, plasma components, and stress indicators of juvenile starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus, depending on varying exposure to hexavalent chromium. P. stellatus was exposed to waterborne chromium at 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppb for 4 weeks. The result showed that Cr exposure resulted in decreased daily length gain (DLG), daily weight gain (DWG), condition factor (CF), and hepatosomatic index (HIS) in P. stellatus. In terms of hematological parameters, red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb) significantly decreased at 400 ppb after 2 weeks. In terms of plasma components, inorganic analysis was unchanged and cholesterol, an organic component, considerably increased at 400 ppb after 4 weeks. Plasma enzyme components including glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were significantly increased. Stress indicators such as cortisol and glucose were notably increased over 100 ppb after 4 weeks with increasing chromium concentration. The results indicate that exposure to waterborne Cr induced toxic effects on growth, hematological parameters, plasma components, and stress indicators.
Hye-Dong Ko,Hee-Ju Park,강주찬 한국수산과학회 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.2
The study investigated the changes in growth performance, hematological parameters, plasma components, and stress indicators of juvenile starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus, depending on varying exposure to hexavalent chromium. P. stellatus was exposed to waterborne chromium at 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppb for 4 weeks. The result showed that Cr exposure resulted in decreased daily length gain (DLG), daily weight gain (DWG), condition factor (CF), and hepatosomatic index (HIS) in P. stellatus. In terms of hematological parameters, red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb) significantly decreased at 400 ppb after 2 weeks. In terms of plasma components, inorganic analysis was unchanged and cholesterol, an organic component, considerably increased at 400 ppb after 4 weeks. Plasma enzyme components including glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were significantly increased. Stress indicators such as cortisol and glucose were notably increased over 100 ppb after 4 weeks with increasing chromium concentration. The results indicate that exposure to waterborne Cr induced toxic effects on growth, hematological parameters, plasma components, and stress indicators.
김동일(Dong-Il Kim),이동훈(Dong-Hoon Lee),김동현(Dong-Hyun Kim),박지혜(Ji-Hye Park),원영신(Young-Shin Won),이해동(Hae-Dong Lee),고재욱(Jae-Ug Ko),이초애(Cho-Ae Lee),전용관(Justin Y Jeon) 한국생활환경학회 2013 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3
The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological response to exercise by using outdoor exercise equipment in elderly population. Eleven male(69.45±6.01 year old) and thirteen female(70.38±4.98 year old) participated in the study. Participants were asked to exercise with two different outdoor exercise equipments(cross-country and skywalk). Subjects were asked to exercise at predetermined intensity for five minutes and their heart rate(HR), oxygen consumption(VO₂) and rate of perceived exertion(RPE) were monitored. SPSS/PC + version 18.0 statistical software was used for the study. The results are as follows. HR and VO₂ increased up to 137.88±17.59 bpm and 20.17±2.96 ml/min/kg during cross-country exercise. During sky-walk exercise, HR and VO₂ increased up to 117.88±21.53 bpm and 14.67±4.60 ml/min/kg respectively. During sky-walk and cross-country exercise RPEs were increased up to 16.41±1.79 and 13.29±4.01 respectively. When these physiological responses were analyzed by gender, HR were increased more in female than male during sky walk exercise, however, their VO₂ and RPE were significantly lower. During cross-country exercise, HR were increased more in female than male participants and VO₂ and RPE were not different between each gender. When physiological responses to outdoor exercise equipment were analyzed according to their age (60-70 years old vs 70-80 year old), HR, VO₂ and RPE were significantly higher among subjects whose ages are over 70 year old compared to subjects whose age are between 60-70 year old during sky-walk exercise. In summary, physiological responses to exercise using outdoor exercise equipment are gender dependent, however, generally these exercise result in physiological stress which is similar to moderate to high intensity level exercise.
Ko, Kwangseok,Kim, Hye-Jung,Ho, Pil-Su,Lee, Soon Ok,Lee, Ji-Eun,Min, Cho-Rong,Kim, Yu Chul,Yoon, Ju-Han,Park, Eun-Jung,Kwon, Young-Jin,Yun, Jee-Hun,Yoon, Dong-Oh,Kim, Jung-Sook,Park, Woul-Seong,Oh, Se American Chemical Society 2018 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.61 No.7
<P>The histamine H4 receptor (H4R), a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family, has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for treating atopic dermatitis (AD). A large number of H4R antagonists have been disclosed, but no efficient agents controlling both pruritus and inflammation in AD have been developed yet. Here, we have discovered a novel class of orally available H4R antagonists showing strong anti-itching and anti-inflammation activity as well as excellent selectivity against off-targets. A pharmacophore-based virtual screening system constructed in-house successfully identified initial hit compound <B>9</B>, and the subsequent homology model-guided optimization efficiently led us to discover pyrido[2,3-<I>e</I>]tetrazolo[1,5-<I>a</I>]pyrazine analogue <B>48</B> as a novel chemotype of a potent and highly selective H4R antagonist. Importantly, orally administered compound <B>48</B> exhibits remarkable efficacy on antipruritus and anti-inflammation with a favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in several mouse models of AD. Thus, these data strongly suggest that our compound <B>48</B> is a promising clinical candidate for treatment of AD.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Genetic Association of the ACE Gene Polymorphisms with Essential Hypertension in Korean Females
( Dong Jik Shin ),( Yoon Sun Bae ),( Ji Hye Han ),( Chan Mi Park ),( Sung Ha Park ),( Hyun Joon Shin ),( Young Guk Ko ),( Dong Hoon Choi ),( Ki Chul Hwang ),( Ji Hyung Chung ),( Sung Joo Kim ),( Yang 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2006 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.3 No.3
The renin-angiotensin system(RAS) genes have been extensively studied as etiologic essential hypertension( EH) candidate genes in human populations worldwide. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE) plays a key role in the RAS for the regulation of blood pressure. Recent studies on the association of ACE gene polymorphisms with EH and the related cardiovascular diseases presented conflicting results. Therefore, we investigated the association of three polymorphisms(I/D, G14480C and A22982G) in the ACE gene with EH in Koreans. We studied a sample population of 699 Koreans, comprising of 471 controls and 228 cases with EH, which were recruited from Cardiovascular Genome Center in Korea. The ACE gene polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction and SNP-IT assay. The allele frequency of G14480C polymorphism showed significant difference between normotensives and hypertensives in female group(P=0.0353). After adjustment for age and BMI, logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds ratio(OR) of the ACE I carriers(II+ID) for a risk of EH over the DD genotype was 1.698(95% CI, 1.006-2.864, P=0.0458), and OR for the comparison of 14480 GG subjects versus GC and CC subjects combined was for EH 1.787(95% CI, 1.076-2.967, P=0.0236) in females. In haplotype analysis, major three haplotypes(ICA, IGG, and DGG) were significantly associated with EH in study populations. We conclude that ACE polymorphisms appeared to have apparent association with EH in Koreans, who have a more homogeneous genetic structure than any other ethnic groups.
( Ko Woon Choi ),( Hye Won Suh ),( Seung Hun Jang ),( Dong Sik Kim ),( Chul Hoon Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.3
Recently, we isolated HY253, a novel decahydrofluorene analog with a molecular structure of 7,8a-divinyl-2,4a,4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,9a-decahydro-1H-fluorene-2,4a,4b,9a-tetraol from the roots of Aralia continentalis, which is known as Dokwhal ( ), a traditional medicinal herb. Moreover, we previously reported its cytotoxic activity on cancer cell proliferation in human lung cancer A549 and cervical cancer HeLa cells. The current study aimed to evaluate its detailed molecular mechanisms in cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Flow cytometric analysis of HepG2 cells treated with 60 μM HY253 revealed appreciable cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase via inhibition of Rb phosphorylation and down-regulation of cyclin D1. Furthermore, using western blots, we found that up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, such as p21CIP1 and p27KIP1, was associated with this G1 phase arrest. Moreover, TUNEL assay and immunoblottings revealed apoptotic induction in HepG2 cells treated with 100 μM HY253 for 24 h, which is associated with cytochrome c release from mitochondria, via down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, which in turn resulted in activation of caspase-9 and -3, and proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Accordingly, we suggest that HY253 may be a potent chemotherapeutic hit compound for treating human liver cancer cells via up-regulation and activation of the p53 gene.