고고화학적 분석을 통한 공산성 출토 도가니의 특성 평가

이수진 ( Sujin Lee ),이현숙 ( Hyensook Lee ),김규호 ( Gyuho Kim ) 공주대학교 백제문화연구소 2021 백제문화 Vol.- No.65

도가니는 금속, 유리 등 제품을 제작하기 위하여 원료를 용융하는 용기이다. 금속과 유리 도가니는 두께, 주구와 뚜껑의 유무, 저부의 모양 등 형태적 차이가 확인된다. 도가니의 정확한 용도 확인을 위하여 형태뿐만 아니라 고고화학적 분석법을 활용한 도가니 내부의 용융물질 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구는 백제 웅진기 왕성인 공주 공산성에서 출토된 2점의 도가니의 용도를 고고화학적 분석을 통하여 확인하고자 한다. 도가니(GS-01)는 비교적 소형으로 내부에서 용융물질로 추정되는 흑, 백색의 물질들과 적색의 띠가 관찰되고 이는 X-선투과촬영에서 용융물질로 확인된다. X-선형광분석과 주사전자현미분석을 통하여 내부 용융물질은 은(Ag)으로 추정되는 점으로 보아 도가니(GS-01)는 은을 용융한 도가니로 판단된다. 다른 도가니(GS-02)는 용융물질로 추정할 수 있는 성분은 확인되지 않으나 내부 흑색 물질과 백색층을 통하여 사용한 흔적이 나타난다. 공산성 출토 은 도가니의 존재와 더불어 추정 공방지에서 출토된 청동젓가락에 사용된 은제 사슬의 존재를 주목하면 공산성 왕궁관련유적 내 추정 공방지에서는 철제품과 더불어 은제품도 제작하였을 가능성을 제시할 수 있다. A crucible is a vessel in which raw materials can be melted to make metal or glass or etc. The metal and glass crucibles have morphological differences such as thickness, the presence of the spout and lid and the shape of the bottom. In order to accurately estimate the use, it is necessary to check the melt inside the crucible using archaeological chemistry analysis. This study aims to estimate the use of the crucible through the archaeological chemistry analysis of two crucibles from the Baekje period excavated from the ruins of Seongan Village, Gongsanseong. The crucible(GS-01) is relatively small. The black, white substances and the red layer that appear to be molten material are observed. X-ray imaging confirms these are molten materials. The internal melt is identified as silver(Ag) through X-ray Fluoresence Spectrometer(XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope attached with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer(SEM-EDS). Therefore, this crucible is the silver crucible. The other crucible(GS-02) contains a very small amount of black substance inside the crucible and has a white layer, so it is judged to be a crucible that has been used more than once. Considering the silver chains used for the bronze chopsticks excavated together with the silver crucible in Gongsanseong, it can be examined the possibility that silver products have been manufactured with iron products in the presumed workshop ruins related to the royal palace in Gongsanseong.

근로자들의 직종별 직무스트레스

이승욱,이종태,손혜숙,김성준 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : This study was conducted to evaluate the Job stress among workers by tasks. Methods and Material : This is a cross-sectional study consisting of self-administered qestionnaire survey. These study subjects were 983 persons in total; elementary school teachers 282, taxi-drivers 72, container terminal workers 199 and hair dressers 430. Through the questionnaire, socio-demographic characteristics, stress-related behaviors and daily sleeping hours were surveyed, and through the JCQ(Job Content Questionnaire), Job characteristic scores were assessed and through the PWI(Psychological Well being Index), psychosocial distress level was assessed. Results : Psychological job demand and decision latitude by hairdressers were the highest among 4 jobs. So, in the job strain levels, the rate of between active group and high strain group was higher than of other jobs. On taxi-drivers, psychological job demand was high in some degree but decision latitude and social support were low. In case of contain terminal workers, psychological job demand and social support were high in some degree but decision latitude was the lowest among 4. On elementary school teachers, social support was high in some degree. but decision latitude was low and psychological job demand was lowest among 4. Accordingly, in Job strain, the rate of passive group was the highest, but the rate of high strain group was the lowest. On hairdressers, the job strain by each rank was very various; in case of staff, the rate of passive group and high strain group was the highest and in case of designers and directors, the rate of active group and strain group was high(P<0.01). The psychosocial distress of taxi-drivers(PWI; 90.1) and container terminal workers(PWI; 88.3) were very serious. It was thought that the common job characteristics caused works by turns, night workers, irregular break and mealtime, and strain against accidents as job stressors. Only on hairdressers, the difference of PWI levels by each rand was statistically significant; staffs(46.9) and designers(44.9) were higher than directors(34.8)(P<0.01). Comparing the results of PWI between low strain group and high strain group, only about hairdressers, the PWI was high(P=0.0001) and high strain group odds ratio about low strain group was statistically significant. Conclusion : It could be evaluated the job stress among workers by tasks. To lower the job strain levels and to raise the rate of active group in container terminal workers and elementary school teachers, the decision latitude should be guaranteed. On taxi-drivers and hairdressers, social support should be consolidated. Especially to decrease psychosocial distress among workers, an effective and systematic job stress management programs should be needed.

해방직후의 국내 정치세력에 대한 일연구 : 조선건국준비위원회의 정치·사회적 성격을 중심으로

이혜숙 慶尙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.2

The Committee for the Preparation of Korean Independence (Choso˘n kon'guk chunbi wiwohoe) was formed around Yo˘ Un-hyong and showed the activity as quasi-government after the Liberation. In politico-sociological perspective, this study is an attempt to examine the meaning of the committee in Korean history after the Liberation. In the chapter Ⅱ, I examined general conditions and situations relating to internal and external factors after the Liberation. In the chapter Ⅲ, I examined the organization-bases, activities, formation process, and the social character of staffs in the committee. In the chapter N, I presented the meaning of the committee in the politico-sociological perspective. Conclusions were summarized as follows. 1) It was organized to prepare for the establishment of independent national state. 2) It showed possibility of united front formation in conflicting situations between ideologies (right and left) after the Liberation. 3) It controled the social disorders in that day and converged people's social and political demands in some senses. 4) It couldn't harmonize the figures, hurriedly declared the People's Republic, and couldn't cope and go along with American Military Government. So it failed to attain its aims.

황사 기간 동안에 어린이, 성인, 노인에서의 자각증상과 예방행동에 대한 조사연구

이보은,하은희,박혜숙,권지숙,신경림 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: Recently there are scientific evidences for the health effects of Asian dust-storms. Particularly in 2002, the daily average of PM_(10) exceeded 600 and 700 ㎍/㎥ in March and April respectively. We examined the effects of Asian dust-storms on perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors among children, adults, and elders. Method: The subjects of this study were 425 children, 444 adults and 60 elders. A questionnaire survey was carried out on the children and the adults by teachers and on the elders by interviewers to obtain information on demographic variables, perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors, previous respiratory disease, environmental tobacco smoke, and proximity between the house and the road during Asian dust-storms. We analyzed using descriptive statistics, X_(2) test and multiple logistic regression models. After adjustment for potential confounders, we estimated the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the children and the elders for perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors. Result: The elders had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms than the other groups. The children had a significantly higher prevalence than the adults in getting URI (1.51), coughing (1.68), rhinorrhea (1.46), fever (2.39) and medication for allergy or asthma (1.90). The children had better behaviors than the elders in closing windows (3.57), taking less outdoor recreational activity (2.59) and staying home (2.60).

신체분절에 관한 생체역학 기초자료 측정방법에 관한 비교분석

이혜숙,박영진 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1990 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.3

The purpose of this study was to find the most valid method of finding segmental parameters of korean young athletes. The center of gravity of total body/height ratios of 19 young college athletes(9 Taekwondo players and 10 Judo players) were found by three different methods(method by using scale, method by clauser et al., and method by Zatsiorsky and Seluyanov). The center of gravity total body/height ratios measured by using scale and by Zatsiorsky and Seluyanov method(X=45.07, X=45.36%, respectively) were found significantly(p<.01) higher than the ratio by Clauser et al. method(X=41.21%). No correlation was found between methods in the ratios. The method suggested by Zatsiorsky and Seluyanov was found the most valid method to find segmental parameters of Korean young athletes. Further studies were recommended on the validity of this method and on the physique characteristics of Korean athletes in different events by a valid and reliable method of finding segmental parameters.

舞踊 練習量의 合理的 處方에 관한 硏究

李惠淑 誠信女子大學校 1975 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

근대국가의 형성과정에 대한 연구

이혜숙 慶尙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.29 No.1

Modern state can be defined as organization. controlling the principal means of coercion within a given territory, which is differentiated from the other organizations operating in the same territory autonomous, centralized and formally coordinated. Under what conditions does modern state become the dominant organization in an area? Why does it exist? What are the characteristics and functions? Is the state a reflection of society or a separate reality, derived from society but situated autonomously above it? What are the relations between state and the social classes? In this paper, I examined the theoretical issues about modern states with the intention of answering the above questions.

마취된 흰쥐 해마신경세포에서 Neurobiotion 이온주입으로 인한 신경세포의 생리적 특성의 변화

이만기,이헤숙,김영진,최병주 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

마취된 흰쥐를 사용하여 해마의 CA영역에 위치한 피라밋 세포들의 세포막 특성을 in vivo의 세포내 기록법에 의해서 관찰한 후 2.5% neurobiotin을 세포내 기록용 미세전극에 채워 세포내로 충진시킨후 충진전과 동일한 실험순서로 반응을 다시 관찰하고 ABC kit를 이용하여 면역조직염색을 행하여 형태학적인 관찰을 하였다. 피라밋세포의 세포내 반응 특성은 높은 휴지막 세포막전위, 낮은 input resistance 그리고 큰 활동전위를 가졌다. neurobiotin 충진 전·후에 따른 세포막 특성의 변화는 sustained AHP의 duration과 amplitude, input resistance. 그리고 세포외 및 세포내 자극에 따른 AP 수에서 유의한 차이를 보였고(P<0.05). 세포외 자극에 의한 억제는 주로 전반부에 나타났으며 CA3 영역에 위치한 이 세포의 형태학적 관찰 결과 세포체는 피라밋층에서 분명한 피라미드 형태를 띄고 있었고, 기저 및 선단 가지가 각각 백색판층 및 섬유방-분자층까지 뻗어 있어으며 축삭은 겉질을 향해 기저가지 돌기면에서 수직으로 뻗어 있었다. 해마의 주세포인 피라밋세포의 세포막 특성과 세포내 염색지시체(marker)로 주로 쓰이는 neurobiotin에 의해 세포막 특성중 일부가 변화됨을 알 수 있었고, 뇌내의 신경세포연결망이 완전히 보존되어 세포들 사이에 시냅스관계를 추측할 수 있는 in vivo 실험 모델이 응용될 수 있음을 제시하였다. Pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA area were recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The extent of their dendrites and the electropharmacological properties of membrane as well as the effect before and after neurobiotion injection were examined. Pyramidal cells had a high resting membrane potential, a low input resistance, and a large amplitude action potential. A afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. Most pyramidal cells did not display a spontaneous firing. Pyramidal cell displayed weak inward rectification and anodal break excitation in response to negative current injection into the cell. Membrane properties of recorded neurons before and after neurobiotin injection with consecutive current injection were compared. Some properties were significantly increased after labelling(P>0.05) ; the duration and amplitude of sustained AHP, input resistance, and the number of action potentials for simultaneous intra-and extracellular stimulations. Neurobiotin-filled neurons showed pyramidal morphology. Cells were generally bipolar dendrite processes ramifying in stratum lacunosum-moleculare, radiatum, and oriens.

Neurobiotin이 해마 신경세포의 세포막 특성에 미치는 영향

이혜숙 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1996 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.13 No.-

본 실험의 목적은 흰쥐의 해마에서 각 층의 세포를 취하여 자발적인 활동전위와 외부 전류에 대한 반응, 시냅스전 자극에 대한 세포반응 등을 관찰하고 이러한 전기생리적 반응을 나타내는 세포를 형태학적으로 재구성하여 기능적-형태적 상관관계를 비교 하고자 하였다. 마취된 흰쥐를 사용하여 해마의 CA1 및 CA3에 위치한 피라밋세포들의 세포막 특성을 in vivo의 세포내 기록법에 의해서 관찰한 후 2.5% neurobiotin을 세포내 기록용 미세전극에 채워 세포내로 충진시킨 후 충진전과 동일한 실험순서로 반응을 다시 관찰하고 형태학적인 관찰을 위해 ABC kit를 이용하여 면역조직염색을 행하였다. 이 세포의 세포내 반응의 특징은 높은 휴지기 세포막 전위, 낮은 input resistance,그리고 큰 활동전위를 가졌다. 맞교차 들신경섬유자극과 함께 세포막 전위를 과분극화 시킴으로써 전형적인 EPSPs, 초기 및 후기 IPSPs 반응을 관찰하였다. neurobiotin충진전.후에 따른 세포막 특성의 변화는 sustained AHP의 duration 과 amplitude, input resistance, 그리고 세포외 및 세포내 자극에 따른 AP 수에서 유의한 차이를 보였고(P<0.05), 세포외 자극에 의한 억제는 주로 전반부에 나타났으며 6개이 세포중 1개의 세포에서 자극의 중반이후에 억제가 나타남을 관찰하였다. GABA성 IPSPs인 초기 및 후기 IPSPs도 neurobiotin충진에 따라 duration은 증가하고 amplitude는 감소하였다. CA3에 위치한 이 세포의 세포체와 가지돌기의 해부학적 위치관계를 해마의 각층과 연관시켜 확인한 결과 세포체는 피라밋층에서 분명한 피라미드 형태를 띄었고 기저 및 선단 가지돌기가 각각 백색판층 및 섬유방-분자층까지 뻗어 있었으며 축삭은 겉질을 향해 기저가지돌기면에서 수직으로 뻗어 있었다. 이상의 본 연구 결과로서 해마의 주세포인 피라밋세포의 세포막 특성과 세포내 염색 지시체(marker)로 주로 쓰이는 neurobiotin에 의해 세포막 특성 중 일부가 변화됨을 알 수 있었고, 뇌내의 신경세포연결망이 완전히 보존되어 세포들 사이의 시냅스관계를 추측할 수 있는 in vivo 실험모델이 응용될 수 있음을 제시하였다. Pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA area were recorded from and filled with in neurobiotin anesthetized rats. The extent of their dendrites and the electropharmacological properties of membrane as well as the effect before and after neurobiotin injection were examined. Pyramidal cells had a high resting membrance potential, a low input resistance, and a large amplitude action potential. A afterhyperpolarization was followed a single actio potential. Most pyramidal cells did not display a spontaneous firing. Pyramidal cell displayed weak inward rectification and anodal break excitation in responese to negativ current injection into the cell. Membrane properties of recorded neurons before and after neurobiotion injection with consecutive current injection wer compared. Some properties were significantly increased after labelling(P>0.05); the duration and amplitude of sustained AHP, input resistance, and the number of action potentials for simultaneous intra- and extracellular stimulations. Commissural stimulation discharged pyramidal cells, followed by excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials(EPSPs and IPSPs). Neurobiotin-filled neurons showed pyramidal morphology. Cells were generally bipolar dendrite processes ramifying in stratum lacunosum- moleculare, radiatum, and oriens.

심신의학(心身醫學)

이명수,장혜숙,류훈,문성록 한국정신과학학회 2002 韓國精神科學學會誌 Vol.6 No.2

The oriental idea that health begins in mind is currently being applied in the clinical field by mind-body medicine. In the past decade. we have seen an increase 10 the popularity of mind-body medicine as an alternative or complement to traditional health care interventions. This paper explores the scientific idea of mind-body medicine and how particular mind-body intervention focusing on stress reduction and relaxation can be useful methods to Improving health state. On the basis of the psycho- neuroendocrine-immune triangular circuit, the mind-body pathway has been Investigated. Among many mind-body intervention, Qi-training and Qi-therapy are described, research on their effectiveness is reviewed, conclusions are drawn, and the applicability to clinical practice is discussed. Given existing empirical support for the effectiveness of these interventions, the authors provide Korean scientists With an overview of the psychoneuroimmunological effects of Qi-training and Qi-training, and possibility of their medical benefits.