Vγ1+ γδT Cells Are Correlated With Increasing Expression of Eosinophil Cationic Protein and Metalloproteinase-7 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps Inducing the Formation of Edema

Luo-ying Yang,Xia Li,Wen-ting Li,Jian-cong Huang,Zhi-yuan Wang,Zi-zhen Huang,Li-hong Chang,Ge-hua Zhang 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: We have found that expression of γδT cells is increased in pathological mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compared with normal nasal mucosa. This increase is correlated with the infiltration of eosinophils in CRSwNP. Here, we investigated the expression of γδT cells, inflammation and tissue remodeling factors as well as their probable relationships in different types of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in China. Methods: A total of 76 surgical tissue samples that included 43 CRSwNP samples (15 eosinophilic and 28 non-eosinophilic), 17 CRS samples without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 16 controls were obtained. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of Vγ1+ γδT cells, Vγ4+ γδT cells, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), interleukin (IL)-8, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2, metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-4 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the protein level of ECP and MMP-7 in CRSwNP. The eosinophils were counted and the level of edema was analyzed with HE staining. Results: The mRNA expression levels of the Vγ1 subset, ECP and MMP-7 were significantly increased in CRSwNP with histological characteristics of eosinophilic infiltration and edema. The expression of the Vγ1 gene in CRSwNP correlated positively with the expression of both ECP and MMP-7. No significant decreases in the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β2, TIMP-4 or HIF-1α were observed in the CRSwNP samples. The expression levels of Vγ1 gene, ECP and MMP-7 were significantly increased in eosinophilic CRSwNP compared to non-eosinophilic CRSwNP. Conclusions: Our results suggest the associations between Vγ1+ γδT cells, ECP and MMP-7 in CRSwNP, indicating that Vγ1+ γδT cells can induce the eosinophilic inflammation, which has a further effect on the formation of edema.

Highly Oriented Monolayer Graphene Grown on a Cu/Ni(111) Alloy Foil

Huang, Ming,Biswal, Mandakini,Park, Hyo Ju,Jin, Sunghwan,Qu, Deshun,Hong, Seokmo,Zhu, Zhili,Qiu, Lu,Luo, Da,Liu, Xiaochi,Yang, Zheng,Liu, Zhongliu,Huang, Yuan,Lim, Hyunseob,Yoo, Won Jong,Ding, Feng,Wa American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.6

<P>Fast-growth of single crystal monolayer graphene by CVD using methane and hydrogen has been achieved on “homemade” single crystal Cu/Ni(111) alloy foils over large area. Full coverage was achieved in 5 min or less for a particular range of composition (1.3 at.% to 8.6 at.% Ni), as compared to 60 min for a pure Cu(111) foil under identical growth conditions. These are the bulk atomic percentages of Ni, as a superstructure at the surface of these foils with stoichiometry Cu<SUB>6</SUB>Ni<SUB>1</SUB> (for 1.3 to 7.8 bulk at.% Ni in the Cu/Ni(111) foil) was discovered by low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Complete large area monolayer graphene films are either single crystal or close to single crystal, and include folded regions that are essentially parallel and that were likely wrinkles that “fell over” to bind to the surface; these folds are separated by large, wrinkle-free regions. The folds occur due to the buildup of interfacial compressive stress (and its release) during cooling of the foils from 1075 °C to room temperature. The fold heights measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) prove them to all be 3 layers thick, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging shows them to be around 10 to 300 nm wide and separated by roughly 20 μm. These folds are always essentially perpendicular to the steps in this Cu/Ni(111) substrate. Joining of well-aligned graphene islands (in growths that were terminated prior to full film coverage) was investigated with high magnification SEM and aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as AFM, STM, and optical microscopy. These methods show that many of the “join regions” have folds, and these arise from interfacial adhesion mechanics (they are due to the buildup of compressive stress during cool-down, but these folds are different than for the continuous graphene films-they occur due to “weak links” in terms of the interface mechanics). Such Cu/Ni(111) alloy foils are promising substrates for the large-scale synthesis of single-crystal graphene film.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Evaluation of facial soft tissue thickness in asymmetric mandibular deformities after orthognathic surgery

Luo Huang,Zhicong Li,Jing Yan,Lunqiu Chen,Zhengguo Piao 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2021 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.43 No.-

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare differences in facial soft tissue thickness in three-dimensional(3D) images before and after orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and to obtain a betterunderstanding of the relationship between hard and soft tissue changes after surgery. Materials and method: The present retrospective study included 31 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion withmandibular chin deviation greater than 4 mm who had undergone cone-beam computed tomography before and 6months after surgery. Seven bilateral points were established. Measurements were taken from software-generatedmultiplanar reconstructions. The predictor variables were timing (pre- and postoperatively) and side (deviated vs. nondedicated). A regression model and correlation analysis were conducted for statistical analysis. Results: The difference of bilateral facial soft tissue thickness was statistically significantly different between deviatedand nondeviated sides (P < 0.05), with lower values observed on the deviated side. The soft tissue thickness hasbecome nearly symmetric at local regions of the lower thirds of the face after orthognathic surgery. However, mostmeasurements showed a negative correlation between changes in soft tissue thickness and changes in bone tissues. Conclusions: Skeletal Class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry is accompanied by differences in soft tissuethickness when comparing Dev and N-Dev sides of the posterior region of the mandible, where soft tissues are thinneron the Dev side. Soft tissue thickness can compensate for or camouflage the underlying asymmetric mandible. Inaddition, the asymmetric soft tissue thickness on the lower third of the face can be partially improved by orthognathicsurgery, but the amount of soft tissue thickness change is not consistent with that of hard tissue positional change.

Research Progress in Applying Proteomics Technology to Explore Early Diagnosis Biomarkers of Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer and Ovarian Cancer

Luo, Lu,Dong, Li-You,Yan, Qi-Gui,Cao, San-Jie,Wen, Xin-Tian,Huang, Yong,Huang, Xiao-Bo,Wu, Rui,Ma, Xiao-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

According to the China tumor registry 2013 annual report, breast cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer are three common cancers in China nowadays, with high mortality due to the absence of early diagnosis technology. However, proteomics has been widespreadly implanted into every field of life science and medicine as an important part of post-genomics era research. The development of theory and technology in proteomics has provided new ideas and research fields for cancer research. Proteomics can be used not only for elucidating the mechanisms of carcinogenesis focussing on whole proteins of the tissue or cell, but also seeking the biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy of cancer. In this review, we introduce proteomics principles, covering current technology used in exploring early diagnosis biomarkers of breast cancer, lung cancer and ovarian cancer.

Allometric Effects of Agriophyllum squarrosum in Response to Soil Nutrients, Water, and Population Density in the Horqin Sandy Land of China

Yingxin Huang,Xueyong Zhao,Hongxuan Zhang,Wisdom Japhet,Xiaoan Zuo,Yayong Luo,Gang Huang 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.3

We monitored the allometric effects for greenhouse- grown Agriophyllum squarrosum plants in response to variations in population density and the availability of soil nutrients and water. Biomass allocations were sizedependent. The plasticity of roots, stems, leaves, and reproductive effort was “true” in response to changes in nutrient content. At a low level of soil minerals, plants allocated more resources to the development of roots and reproductive organs than to leaves, but data for stem allocations were consistent for tradeoffs between the effects of nutrients and plant size. The plasticities of leaf allocation and reproductive effort were “true” whereas those of root and stem allocations were “apparent” in response to fluctuations in soil water, being a function of plant size. Decreasing soil water content was associated with higher leaf allocation and lower reproductive effort. Except for this “apparent” plasticity of leaf allocation, none was detected with population density on biomass allocation. Architectural traits were determinants of the latter. For roots, the determining trait was the ratio of plant height to total biomass; for stems and reproduction, plant height; and for leaves, the ratio of branch numbers to plant height.

Connectivity map identifies luteolin as a treatment option of ischemic stroke by inhibiting MMP9 and activation of the PI3K/ Akt signaling pathway

Shijian Luo,Huiqing Li,Zhihuai Mo,Junjie Lei,Lingjuan Zhu,Yanxia Huang,Ruying Fu,Chunyi Li,Yihuan Huang,Kejia Liu,Wenli Chen,Lei Zhang 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

This study aimed to explore potential new drugs in the treatment of ischemic stroke by Connectivity Map (CMap) and to determine the role of luteolin on ischemic stroke according to its effects on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Based on published gene expression data, differentially expressed genes were obtained by microarray analysis. Potential compounds for ischemic stroke therapy were obtained by CMap analysis. Cytoscape and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to discover signaling pathways connected to ischemic stroke. Cell apoptosis and viability were, respectively, evaluated by flow cytometry and an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5- diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to test the expression of MMP9 and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and tissues. Additionally, the infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was determined by a TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) assay. The microarray and CMap analyses identified luteolin as a promising compound for future therapies for ischemic stroke. Cytoscape and GSEA showed that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was crucial in ischemic stroke. Cell experiments revealed that luteolin enhanced cell viability and downregulated apoptosis via inhibiting MMP9 and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Experiments performed in vivo also demonstrated that luteolin reduced the infarct volume. These results suggest that luteolin has potential in the treatment of ischemic stroke through inhibiting MMP9 and activating PI3K/ Akt signaling pathway.

Enhanced Production of L-Tryptophan with Glucose Feeding and Surfactant Addition and Related Metabolic Flux Redistribution in the Recombinant Escherichia coli

Wei Luo,Jin Huang,Xiangcheng Zhu,Lei Huang,Jin Cai,Zhi-nan Xu 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

The production of L-tryptophan was investigated in a recombinant strain Escherichia coli W3110-ZDrr. It was observed that phosphate and feeding strategies are key factors to ensure the good cell growth and high production of L-tryptophan. The simple exponential feeding strategy could only produce 10.6 g/L L-tryptophan due to the improper feeding rate; while the manual glucose-feedback feeding approach could effectively control the substrate and inhibit the formation of acetate, and thus improvemed the Ltryptophan production to 25.5 g/L. The modified exponential feeding approach avoided overfeeding or underfeeding and achieved high production of L-tryptophan. Moreover, the addition of Tween 60 or PL61 could enhance the cell growth and the production of L-tryptophan in the fed-batch mode. Subsequent metabolic flux analysis showed that more carbon flux was distributed into the biosynthesis of Ltryptophan when Tween 60 or PL61 was supplied. The present work presents one base for further large-scale production of this important amino acid.

Adsorption behavior of L_tryptophan on ion exchange resin

Wei Luo,Lei Huang,Hao Chen,Limei Fang,Jin Huang,Zhinan Xu,Peilin Cen 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.5

A batch method was applied to investigate the adsorption behavior and mechanisms of L_tryptophan (Ltrp)on ion exchange resins. HZ-001 and JK006 were proved to be ideal adsorbents due to their large loading capacity and favorable selective adsorption for L-trp. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich equations were applied to simulate the experimental data to describe the adsorption process of L_trp onto HZ_001 and JK006. The maximum loading capacity (at pH 5.0, 30 ℃), determined by the Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, was close to each other (833 mg/g vs. 874 mg/g) for HZ_001, while discrepant (833 mg/g vs. 935 mg/g) for JK006. Three diffusion-controlled kinetic models were utilized to analyze the results in order to identify the adsorption mechanism. The adsorption kinetics of L_trp onto cation exchange resins was investigated under different experimental conditions, including initial solution pH, temperature, initial L-trp concentration, and adsorbent dosage. Moreover, the diffusion process of L_trp onto HZ_001 and JK006 was evaluated at different initial adsorbate concentrations. The thermodynamic parameters,obtained from the kinetic data, demonstrated that L-trp could be adsorbed spontaneously onto both resins.

Experimental Study of the Runaway Current in the J-TEXT Tokamak

Y. H. Luo,Z. Y. Chen,X. Q. Zhang,D. W. Huang,W. Jin,Y. H. Huang,Y. Tang,J. C. Li,R. H. Tong,W. Yan,G. Zhuang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.3

Major plasma disruptions in tokamaks often generate runaway currents, which contain electronswith energies of several tens of megaelectron-volts (MeV). These currents can cause substantialdamage when control is lost and the current hits the limiters or the vessel wall. The interactionbetween the runaway electrons and the impurities inside the plasma results in soft X-ray emission,which can provide detailed information about the runaway generation process and the confinementof runaway electrons. A vertical soft X-ray array at the top of Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT) was used to study the runaway beams resulting from major disruptions. Runawayelectron production and confinement of runaway current were observed by using soft X-ray images.

Synthesis and Evaluation O-Benzyl Oxime-ether Derivatives Containing β-Methoxyacrylate Moiety for Insecticidal and Fungicidal Activities

Hu, Zhi-Bin,Luo, He-An,Wang, Xiao-Guang,Huang, Ming-Zhi,Huang, Lu,Pang, Huai-Lin,Mao, Chun-Hui,Pei, Hui,Huang, Chao-Qun,Sun, Jiong,Liu, Ping-Le,Liu, Ai-Ping Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.4

In attempt to lead compounds exhibiting both insecticidal and fungicidal activities, a series of O-benzyl oximeether derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing ${\beta}$-methoxyacrylate pharmacophore into a scaffold. The insecticidal activity against Aphis fabae and the fungicidal activity against Erysiphe graminis were screened. The title compounds exhibited remarkable insecticidal and fungicidal activities. The most potent compound 6d was identified. Its insecticidal $LC_{50}$ against A. fabae is 6.4 mg/L, which is lower than that of chlorfenapyr (19.4 mg/L) and even close to the level of imidacloprid (4.8 mg/L). Its fungicidal $EC_{90}$ in preventive and curative treatment against E. graminis are 2.2 and 4.8 mg/L, respectively, which are lower than azoxystrobin (7.0 and 5.9 mg/L). These results indicate that compound 6d can be considered as a lead for further developing new O-benzyl oxime-ether typed candidates with both fungicidal and insecticidal activities.