Poly(vinylbenzyl chloride-glycidyl methacrylate)/Polyethylene Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Battery Application

Park, Min-A,Shim, Joonmok,Park, Se-Kook,Jeon, Jae-Deok,Jin, Chang-Soo,Lee, Ki Bong,Shin, Kyoung-Hee Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.6

Anion exchange membranes for a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) were prepared by pore-filling on a PE substrate with the copolymerization of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The ion exchange capacity, water uptake and weight gain ratio were increased with a similar tendency up to 65% of GMA content, indicating that the monomer improved the pore-filling degree and membrane properties. The vanadium ion permeability and open-circuit voltage were also investigated. The permeability of the VG65 membrane was only $1.23{\times}10^{-7}\;cm^2\;min^{-1}$ compared to $17.9{\times}10^{-7}\;cm^2\;min^{-1}$ for Nafion 117 and $1.8{\times}10^{-7}\;cm^2\;min^{-1}$ for AMV. Consequently, a VRB single cell using the prepared membrane showed higher energy efficiency (over 80%) of up to 100 cycles compared to the commercial membranes, Nafion 117 (ca. 58%) and AMV (ca. 70%).

물리ㆍ화학적 처리에 의한 멸균 초콜릿 우유 오염균의 생육억제 효과

최문경(Moon-Kyoung Choi),윤소영(So-Young Yoon),이소영(So-Young Lee),김꽃봉우리(Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim),이청조(Chung-Jo Lee),정지연(Ji-Yeon Jung),곽지희(Ji-Hee Kwak),김민지(Min-Ji Kim),김동현(Dong-Hyun Kim),선우찬(Chan Sunwoo),이주운(Ju-W 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.40 No.8

멸균 초콜릿 우유로부터 분리한 내열성 균주에 대해 열, pH, 전해수, 오존처리, microwave 및 감마선 처리를 하여 균주의 사멸효과에 대해 알아보았다. 균주의 지방산 분석과 API kit를 통하여 균주를 동정한 결과, Bacillus lentus로 동정되었으며, 잠정적으로 Bacillus lentus M1으로 명명하였다. B. lentus M1에 110℃, 15분간 열처리하였을 경우 생육이 억제되었으며, pH 처리 시 pH 5 이하, 10 이상에서 생육이 억제된 것으로 나타났다. B. lentus M1에 대한 전해수의 항균활성을 paper disc법으로 측정한 결과, 높은 생육억제를 보였으며, 오존 처리의 경우 초기 균수가 10² CFU가량의 균을 10분 동안, 10³ CFU가량의 균을 30분 동안 처리 시 균의 생육이 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. Microwave를 1분간 처리 시 B. lentus M1이 모두 사멸한 것으로 나타났다. 감마선 조사의 경우, 1 kGy 조사 시 생균수가 1.61×10³ CFU로 초기 균수에 비해 4 log cycle 가량 균수가 감소하였으며 7 kGy에서 완전히 사멸하였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 열, pH, 전해수, 오존 처리 및 방사선 처리 방법이 멸균 초콜릿 우유의 생존 오염균인 B. lentus M1을 효과적으로 사멸시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to investigate the cause of microbiological contaminants in aseptic chocolate milk and evaluate the effect of a physicochemical treatment on the growth inhibition of isolated bacterial strains. The bacterium isolated from aseptic chocolate milk was identified as Bacillus lentus and was named B. lentus M1. In the heat and pH treatment, the growth of B. lentus was inhibited at 110℃ for >15 min and at pH’s <5 and >10. An electrolyzed water treatment against B. lentus M1, revealed 5 ㎜ growth past the inhibition zone. The effect of ozone gas on B. lentus M1 growth was evaluated using viable cell counts. When the initial number of B. lentus M1 was 10² and 10³ CFU, the bacteria were completely suppressed by ozone gas treatment for 10 and 30 min, respectively. In a microwave treatment, B. lentus M1 was sterilized following microwave treatment for 1 min. As the result of γ-irradiation against B. lentus M1, numbers decreased as the γ-irradiation dosage increased. These results show the growth inhibition effects against contaminants in aseptic chocolate milk using physicochemical treatments.

가토에서 Vecuronium bromide 의 용량에 따른 근육이완 효과

김동원,이동호,민경호,전세웅,유희구,김경헌,승익상,김교상,서정국 대한마취과학회 1987 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.20 No.6

The introduction of muscle relaxants was an epoch making event in the development of clinical anesthesia and their use has hecame essential to anesthesia practice. Vecuronium, one of the newest muscle relaxants, many advantages; it is .apid acting, non-accumulating, has minimals side reactions and is promptly antagonized by anticholinesterases. However, its pharmacological effect, like other conventional muscle relaxants depends upon the dose and is influenced br many factors including body temperature, blood flow, interaction with other drugs, antibiotics, diuretics and so forth, To obtain a dose·response relationship which is important for clinical use, the effect of the vecuronium in various doses on the neuromuscular block in rabbits was investigated. The results were as follows. 1) In the vecuronium 0.025 mg/kg group, maximal twitch depression was varied between 75 to 92% with a mean value of 84,9%. The spontaneous recovery index was 141.0 seconds (2.35 min). 2) In the vecuranium 7.75 mg/kg group, thmean maximum twitch depression and spontaneous recovery index were 98.4% and 218.6 seconds (3.64 min.) respectively. 3) In the vecuronium 7.1 mg/kg group, maximum twitch depression was 100% and the spontaneous recovery index was markedly prolonged to 627.8 seconds (10.35 min).

Use of Antimicrobial Food Additives as Potential Dipping Solutions to Control Pseudomonas spp. Contamination in the Frankfurters and Ham

Mi Hwa Oh,Beom Young Park,Hyun Ji Jo,Soo Min Lee,Hee Young Lee,Kyoung Hee Choi,Yo Han Yoon 한국축산식품학회 2014 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.34 No.5

This study evaluated the effect of sodium diacetate and sodium lactate solutions for reducing the cell count of Pseudomo-nas spp. in frankfurters and hams. A mixture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCCP10338, NCCP10250, and NCCP11229),and Pseudomonas fluorescens (KACC10323 and KACC10326) was inoculated on cooked frankfurters and ham. The inoc-ulated samples were immersed into control (sterile distilled water), sodium diacetate (5 and 10%), sodium lactate (5 and10%), 5% sodium diacetate + 5% sodium lactate, and 10% sodium diacetate + 10% sodium lactate for 0-10 min. Inoculatedfrankfurters and ham were also immersed into acidified (pH 3.0) solutions such as acidified sodium diacetate (5 and 10%),and acidified sodium lactate (5 and 10%) in addition to control (acidified distilled water) for 0-10 min. Total aerobic platecounts for Pseudomonas spp. were enumerated on Cetrimide agar. Significant reductions (ca. 2 Log CFU/g) in Pseudomo-nas spp. cells on frankfurters and ham were observed only for a combination treatment of 10% sodium lactate + 10% sodiumdiacetate. When the solutions were acidified to pH 3.0, the total reductions of Pseudomonas spp. were 1.5-4.0 Log CFU/g. The order of reduction amounts of Pseudomonas spp. cell counts was 10% sodium lactate > 5% sodium lactate ≥ 10%sodium diacetate > 5% sodium diacetate > control for frankfurters, and 10% sodium lactate > 5% sodium lactate > 10%sodium diacetate > 5% sodium diacetate > control for ham. The results suggest that using acidified food additive antimicro-bials, as dipping solutions, should be useful in reducing Pseudomonas spp. on frankfurters and ham.

단신 : 실리콘의 염소화반응에 의한 사염화규소 제조

박균영 ( Kyun Young Park ),이미선 ( Mi Sun Lee ),김민철 ( Min Cheol Kim ),이찬희 ( Chan Hee Lee ),박회경 ( Hoey Kyung Park ),강태원 ( Tae Won Kang ),정해성 ( Hae Seong Jeong ),한경아 ( Kyoung Ah Han ),허원회 ( Weon Hoe Huh ),유지 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.51 No.3

직경 25 mm의 파이렉스 튜브 내에서 실리콘의 유동층 염소화 반응이 수행되었다. 반응기에 공급되는 질소 유량0.8~1.0 L/min, 염소 유량 0.2 L/min, 반응온도 450℃, SiCl4 응축기의 냉매온도는 -5℃로 설정하였다. 반응기에 도입되는 가스 내 염소의 몰분율이 증가하면 SiCl4의 수율이 증가하였다. 반응가스 중 염소의 몰분율 0.2의 조건에서 SiCl4의 수율은 28% 이었다. 염소의 몰분율 증가는 반응열 상승에 의해 반응온도 상승을 가져옴으로써 안전을 고려하여 염소의 몰분율을 0.2 이상으로 올리지 못했다. 실리콘의 유동층 염소화 반응에 의한 사염화실리콘의 제조 가능성이 입증되 었으며, 향후 보다 가혹한 조건에서의 실용화 연구를 위한 기초로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The chlorination of a metallurgical-grade silicon was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor, 25 mm in diameter. The flow rate of the chlorine admitted into the reactor was 0.2 L/min and that of the carrier nitrogen was 0.8~1.0 L/ min. The reactor temperature was maintained at 450℃ and the temperature of the coolant at the SiCl4 condenser was at -5℃. The SiCl4 yield increased with increasing the mole fraction of chlorine in the feed gas, exhibiting 28% at the mole fraction of 0.2. Further increase of the chlorine mole fraction was not attempted in a worry that the reactor might be failed due to the high exothermicity of the reaction. The production of SiCl4 from silicon by fluidized bed chlorination was demonstrated on a laboratory scale, which is a stepping stone for future studies under more severe conditions toward industrial application.

혈액투석을 받는 말기신질환 환자에서 말초혈액의 호산구증가증

김경하,장태익,윤석윤,이민영,이남수,원종호,장명희 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2021 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.27 No.2

Objective Eosinophilia in patients on hemodialysis has already been reported. It has been associated with allergy to dialyzers and exaggerated activation of complement during hemodialysis. Its etiology, however, remains unknown. In addition, there are not enough studies on eosinophilia in patients on hemodialysis in Korea. Therefore, we performed this retrospective study to find out the prevalence and possible etiologic factors of blood eosinophilia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods Between January 2013 to December 2015, the patients hospitalized for hemodialysis at Soonchunhyang University Hospital and National Health Insurance Service Medical Center (Ilsan Hospital) were included in this study. Eosinophilia was defined when absolute eosinophil count was greater than 500/μL, respectively. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients about parasite infection, other malignancies, and history of kidney transplantation. Results Of the 2,155 patients hospitalized for hemodialysis at two centers, 1,057 patients (49%) were found to have eosinophilia. We investigated 1,199 patients’ information (Soonchunhyang University Hospital) by the medical records. Two hundred two patients (16.8%) had no identifiable and/or possible causes. Only two patients complained of symptoms such as itching. Steroids were administered to control symptoms, and both patients had normal eosinophil levels, and steroids were discontinued. Other patients did not complain of specific symptoms associated with eosinophilia and did not take medication such as steroids. Eosinophilia was improved in 49% of patients without special treatments. Conclusion We found that the eosinophil counts in patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis were frequently elevated. However, in most cases, eosinophilia was not clinically relevant.

사회인지론에 근거한 낮병원 정신질환 입원환자 대상비만 예방 및 관리를 위한 영양교육 효과평가

한민지,이지연,이해연,한은경,최경순,김희선 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2021 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.1.2

Mental illness such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression have shown high prevalence of obesity. According to the previous studies, nutrition education has therapeutic effects on patients, however mentally ill patients rarely have opportunities of long term nutrition education. In this study, nutrition education based on the social cognitive theory was conducted. Patients with mental illness received education program once a month during 18 months in a day hospital. Fifteen patients were included and divided into two groups according to the attendance rate. Results showed that the group attended the education more than 10 times showed weight loss, while the group less than 10 times showed weight gain. Five long-term hospitalized patients gained weight during one year prior to the nutrition education, but showed weight loss during one year with the nutrition education. Regardless of the number of attendance, the group of BMI≥30kg/m2 showed weight loss. Although this study has several limitations and did not obtain a statistically significant results, it confirmed the necessity of providing clinical nutrition services including nutrition education for mentally ill patients.

Effects of Red Ginseng on Neonatal Hypoxia-induced Hyperacitivity Phenotype in Rats

Hee Jin Kim,So Hyun Joo,Inha Choi,Pitna Kim,Min Kyoung Kim,Seung Hwa Park,Jae Hoon Cheong,Chan Young Shin 고려인삼학회 2010 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.34 No.1

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 4-12% of chool-age children worldwide and is characterized by three core symptoms: hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. Although standard pharmacological treatments, such as methylphenidate and atomoxetine, are available, concerns about drug-induced psychological and cardiovascular problems, as well as growth retardation and sleep disturbances, highlight the continuing need for new therapeutic interventions. Using a neonatal hypoxia-induced hyperactivity model in rats, the potential positive role that oral administration of red ginseng extract may have in relation to the hyperactive phenotype was investigated. Hypoxia was induced in 2-day-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat pups by placing them in a nitrogen chamber for 15 min. The neonatal hypoxia-induced rats showed a significant increase in hyperactivity phenotype, such as increased movement duration, movement distance, and rearing frequency, which was determined by monitoring their spontaneous locomotor activity using the Ethovision video tracking system. One week of oral treatment with red ginseng extract decreased the hyperactivity phenotype of the neonatal hypoxia-induced rats and increased the locomotor activity of the control rats. In the neonatal hypoxia-induced rats, expression of the norepinephrine transporter in the forebrain was increased, and red ginseng treatment partially prevented its up-regulation, while increasing its level in the control rats. Taken together, these results suggest that red ginseng extract decreased the neonatal hypoxia-induced hyperactivity phenotype, although it increased locomotor activity in normal animals.

대요근 근구 차단술의 해부학적 고찰 및 임상 효과

신경호,김헌,최락민,김희상,안경회 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.2

중학교 과학영재 담당교사의 PCK 요소의 특징과 관련성

김선경,민희정,방은정,백성혜 韓國英才學會 2011 영재교육연구 Vol.21 No.4

중학교 과학영재 담당교사의 수업을 관찰하여 Pedagogical Content Knowledge(PCK)의 요소 를 분석하고, 요소간의 관련성을 알아보았다. 연구 대상은 대도시 지역의 중학생 대상 영재교 육원에서 과학을 가르치는 교사 4명이었으며, 전공은 각각 물리, 화학, 생물, 지구과학이고 2 명은 전임교사, 2명은 겸임교사였다. 또한 전임교사들은 영재학생들만 가르쳤고, 겸임교사들 은 보통 일반학생들을 가르쳤고, 특별히 주 1회 영재학생들을 가르쳤다. 수업관찰, 반구조화 된 인터뷰를 실시하였으며, 문서자료를 수집하여 질적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 과학영재 담당교사의 PCK 요소의 몇 가지 특징이 나타났다. 교사들의 과학교수지향은 PCK의 요소들 과 긴밀하게 상호작용하고 있었다. 교사들의 교육과정지식은 교사에 따라 상이했지만, 학습 유형의 선택은 교사의 영재 교육 및 수업의 목표와 관련되어 있었다. 또한 이러한 교육과정 지식은 학생에 대한 이해의 영향을 받았다. 교사들은 교육과정지식과 학생에 대한 이해에 따 라 수업에서 서로 다른 교수전략을 사용하고 있었다. 또한 PCK의 요소들의 관계는 밀접했으 며 방향성을 가지고 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 PCK의 요소와 관계성을 설명하기 위해 사면체 모델을 제안했다. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of Pedagogical Content knowledge(PCK)'s components through actual course of teachers of science gifted students in the middle school. For this study, four middle school science teachers of gifted students belonging to the gifted education professional organizations in a metropolis were selected, each of them was physics, chemistry, biology, and earth science teacher. Two of them were full-time teachers to teach only gifted students and two were part-time teachers who had taught general students in ordinary time and specially had taught the gifted students once a week. Qualitative data were collected through classroom observations, interviews, and documents. As a result, some unique characteristics of PCK's components were identified. The teachers' orientations to teaching science were closely correlated with PCK's components. The teachers' knowledges of science curriculum were different individually. But the decisions about type of teaching(acceleration or enrichment) were connected with the objectives of gifted education and lesson objectives. Also, the teachers' knowledges of science curriculum were influenced by the knowledge of students' understanding. Teachers used different instructional strategies according to the knowledge of science curriculum and the knowledge of students' understanding. We found that PCK's components were so closely connected and could show the direction of relationships among those PCK's components. We suggested teachers' PCK model which was named "Tetrahedron Model of PCK", to explain the characteristics and relationships of PCK's components.