십이지장 결핵 2예의 내시경적 고찰

장린,박충기,민영일,장영운,우정택,방익수,최학림,장주희 대한소화기내시경학회 1985 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.5 No.1

Today, the duodenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. Final diagnosis of duodenal tuberculosis is difficult due to inconsistent symptoms and nonspecific duodenal lesions. We found 2 cases of duodenal tuberculosis by gastrascopy. In gastroscopic findings, there were undetermined ulcers and irregular nodular mucosal changes.

Gene Expression Analysis of the Bromobenzene Treated Liver with Non-hepatotoxic Doses in Mice

Lim, Jung-Sun,Jeong, Sun-Young,Hwang, Ji-Yoon,Park, Han-Jin,Cho, Jae-Woo,Song, Chang-Woo,Kim, Yang-Seok,Lee, Wan-Seon,Moon, Jin-Hee,Han, Sang-Seop,Yoon, Seok-Joo The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2005 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.1 No.4

Bromobenzene (BB) is well known hepatotoxicant. Also, BB is an industrial solvent that arouses toxicity predominantly in the liver where it causes centrilobular necrosis. BB is subjected to Cytochrome P450 mediated epoxidation followed by either conjugation with glutathione, enzymatic hydrolysis or further oxidation. In this study, we focused on BB-induced gene expression at non-hepatotoxic dose. Mice were exposed to two levels of BB, sampled at 24 h, and hepatic gene expression levels were determined to evaluate dose dependent changes. When examining the toxic dose of BB treated group in other previous studies, genes related to heat shock protein, oxidative stress, and drug metabolism are expressed. Compared to these results, our study, in which non-toxic dose of BB was administrated, showed similar patterns as the toxic conditions above. The purpose of the study was to select genes that showed changes in relation to the differing dose through confirmation of the difference within transcriptomic boundaries, but those that are not detected by the existing classic toxicology tools in non-hepatotoxic dose.

Age-Associated Changes in the Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice

Yoon, Hye Eun,Kim, Eun Nim,Kim, Min Young,Lim, Ji Hee,Jang, In-Ae,Ban, Tae Hyun,Shin, Seok Joon,Park, Cheol Whee,Chang, Yoon Sik,Choi, Bum Soon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2016 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. This study evaluated whether the change in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with arterial aging in mice.<I> Methods</I>. Histologic changes and expressions of transforming growth factor-<I>β</I> (TGF-<I>β</I>), collagen IV,<I> fibronectin</I>, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), prorenin receptor (PRR), Mas receptor (MasR), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase 2 and oxidase 4 (Nox2 and Nox4), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),<I> 3-nitrotyrosine</I>, and superoxide dismutase 1 and dismutase 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) were measured in the thoracic aortas from 2-month-old, 12-month-old, and 24-month-old C57/BL6 mice.<I> Results</I>. Twenty-four-month-old mice showed significantly increased aortic media thickness and expressions of TGF-<I>β</I>, collagen IV, and fibronectin, compared to 2-month-old and 12-month-old mice. The expressions of PRR, ACE, and Ang II, and AT1R-positive area significantly increased, whereas expressions of ACE2 and MasR and AT2R-positive area decreased with age. The expressions of phosphorylated serine<SUP>1177</SUP>-eNOS, SOD1, and SOD2 decreased, and the 8-OHdG-positive area and the 3-nitrotyrosine-positive area increased with age. The expression of Nox2 significantly increased with age, but that of Nox4 did not change.<I> Conclusions</I>. The enhanced PRR-ACE-Ang II-AT1R axis and reduced ACE2-MasR axis were associated with arterial aging in mice. </P>

배지의 무기염류와 sucrose 농도가 감자의 기내 shoot 증식과 기내경 삽목묘의 생존율에 미치는 영향

김희곤,임순희,안장순,송창길,박미경,강봉균 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1999 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.34 No.-

감자의 virus-free 기내경 삽목묘의 효율적인 대량 생산 체계의 확립을 위하여 생장점 배양으로 얻어진 감자의 기내경의 증식과 기내경의 순화삽목을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 초대배양에서는 염류농도와 sucrose 농도가 높을수록 양호하였다. 즉, MS나 2MS에 sucrose를 6% 첨가한 배지에서 튼튼한 기내경이 생산되었다. 계대배양에서는 sucrose 농도가 높을수록 줄기의 길이는 단축되고 굵기는 커졌으며 생체중은 염류농도와 관계없이 3%의 sucrose가 첨가된 배지에서 무거웠다. 이들 유식물체의 경절을 삽목한 결과 계대배양 배지의 sucrose농도가 6%인 배지에서 생존율이 높은 경향이었다. In order to establish a mass propagation system of potato planting material, in vitro multiplication of virus-free shoot originated from meristem culture and sucrose concentrations on survival of cutting of the in vitro stem tried with various media containing different levels of MS salts(0.5x, 1x and 2x) and sucrose(1.0, 3.0, 6.0%), and the effects of MS salts elements were evaluated. Higher level of sucrose in the initial culture media favored the shoot growth, that is, both of 1MS and 2MS media containing 6.0% sugar produced stouter shoots. Higher level of sucrose in the subculture media also favored the development of compact stout shoots, but biomass production in terms of fresh weight was high on the media containing 3.0%sucrose, regardless of MS salts concentration. The survival rate of cuttings made of the in vitro stem segments tended to be higher in those obtained from subculture media containg 6.0%sucrose.

Cerebral vascular burden on hippocampal subfields in first-onset drug-naïve subjects with late-onset depression

Choi, Woo Hee,Jung, Won Sang,Um, Yoo Hyun,Lee, Chang Uk,Park, Young Ha,Lim, Hyun Kook Elsevier 2017 Journal of affective disorders Vol.208 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Although there is substantial evidence of associations between frontal-striatal circuits and cerebral vascular burden in late-onset depression (LOD), relationships between vascular burden and hippocampal subfields are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between cerebral vascular burden and hippocampal subfield volume in LOD patients.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Fifty subjects with LOD and 50 group-matched healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Hippocampal subfields volumes were measured and compared between the groups. In addition, association patterns between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, clinical measures and hippocampal subfield volumes were investigated in the LOD group.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Subjects with LOD exhibited significant hippocampal volume reductions in the total hippocampus, cornu ammonis (CA) 1 and 3 and dentate gyrus (DG) areas compared with healthy subjects. Total WMH volume was negatively correlated with left total hippocampal volume and CA1 in the LOD group. In addition, depression severity was negatively associated with left and right CA3 volumes in the LOD group.</P> <P><B>Limitation</B></P> <P>Our findings of distinctive relationships between WMH and hippocampal subfields demonstrate a simple correlation, but do not prove causation</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>This study is the first to elaborate distinctive association patterns between hippocampal subfield volumes and cerebral vascular burden in LOD. These structural changes in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG areas might be at the core of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of hippocampal dysfunction in LOD. However, longitudinal studies will be needed to identify the mechanisms of these structural changes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This study is the first to elaborate distinctive association patterns between hippocampal subfield volumes and cerebral vascular burden in LOD. </LI> <LI> White matter hyperintensity was negatively correlated with left total hippocampal volume and CA1 in the LOD group. </LI> <LI> In addition, depression severity was negatively associated with left and right CA3 volumes in the LOD group. </LI> </UL> </P>

Economic Threshold for Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella (L.) ) on Leaf Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis italiana)

Seon-u Choi,Ju-Rak Lim,Ju-Hee Kim,Ki-Kwan Lee,Chang-yun Hwang 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05

This study was conducted to develop the economic threshold for the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella (L.) on Leaf Broccoli (leaf vegetable) in 2007. To investigate the relationship between initial density of diamondback moth larvae and broccoli leaf yield, experimental plots with five treatments (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 larvae per plant) as initial density were established. We inoculated larvae in chesses cloth covering to survey larvae density change. When grown to eat, leaves of broccoli were harvested by periods. 60-70% of larvae were removed whenever we picked the leaves. High levels of larvae were associated with significant reductions in leaf yield. There were 85%, 64%, 58%, and 56% yield reductions from the diamond back moth larvae density in 0, 0.5, 1,0, 1.5, 2.0 per plant, respectively 25days after larvae inoculation. The regression equation used to predict leaf yield based on the number of initial larvae density per a plant was y=1635-393x(R2=0.79***). The economic injury level of diamondback moth on leaf broccoli was 2-3 larvae per 10 plants for a damage level of 5%. The economic thresholds was 1-2 larvae per 10 plants. Thus, the diamond back moth management should be initiated 1-2 larvae occurrence per plant.

제왕절개술을 위한 경막외 마취시 술전 투여 수액이 신생아 혈당치에 미치는 영향

이혜원,김선희,신정순,장성호,임혜자,채병국 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.4

It is common for patient undergoing cesarean section under epidural anesthesia to have lower blood pressure because of not only supine hypotension syndrome but vasodilation due to sympathetic blockade. So it is necessary to give large volume of fluid before perfarming epidural anesthesia to prevent hypotension. When we use the dextrose containing fluid for that purpose, newborn baby could have a high blood glucose at delivery and low blood glucose level due to high insulin level after birth. The authors examined the blood glucose level at delivery and two hours after birth following use of 5% dextrose in lactated Ringers solution(HD group, n=24) or lactated Ringers solution (HS group, n=24) for prevention of hypotension during epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. The results were as follows; 1) The total amount of fluid was 789.6±264.2 ml in HD group and 741.1±253.5 ml in HS group. 2) The glucose level of mother at delivery was 300.9±76.3 mg/dl in HD group and 98.7±24.6 mg/dl in HS group and there wastistical significance(p$lt;0.01). 3) In HD group, the glucose level of newborn baby was 212.2±57.2 mg/dl at delivery and 465.±20.3 mg/dl at 2 hours after birth. The change of amount during 2 hours after birth was highly related to the glucose level at birth. Higher level of glucose at birth, larger amount of change during 2 hours after birth. 4) In HS group, the glucose level of newborn baby was 66.8±10.2 mg/dl at birth and 67.0±12.1 mg/dl at 2 hours after birth. There was no significant change.

교양수업 참여 대학생의 라이프스킬 학습과 전이를 위한 PEAK 프로그램의 효과

양윤경 ( Yang Yun-kyung ),임태희 ( Lim Tae-hee ),이창민 ( Lee Chang-min ),윤미선 ( Yun Mi-seon ),배준수 ( Bae Jun-su ) 국기원 2021 국기원태권도연구 Vol.12 No.1

목적 이 연구의 목적은 교양수업에 참여하는 대학생을 대상으로 태권도와 라이프스킬을 통합한 PEAK 프로그램을 적용하고 라이프스킬 학습 및 전이의 변화를 확인하는 것이었다. 방법 연구참여자는 Y대학에서 교양수업을 수강하는 대학생 25명(남자 14, 여자 11)을 목적적 표집방법으로 선정했다. PEAK는 매주 1회 120분씩(태권도 수련 90분, 워크시트 30분) 15주에 걸쳐 적용했다. 자료는 스포츠라이프스킬과 전이 측정도구를 사용하여 수집했고, 변화내용을 구체적으로 살펴보기 위해 심층면담을 진행했다. 수집된 자료 중 양적자료는 사전-사후 점수차이를 비교하기 위해 대응 t-test와 Cohen의 효과크기(d )를 계산했다. 질적자료는 전문가 협의를 통해 분석·검토하여 양적결과를 뒷받침하는 사례를 도출했다. 결과 사전점수와 사후점수를 비교한 결과 라이프스킬과 전이의 몇 가지 하위요인에서 통계적으로 유의한 효과가 있었다. 구체적으로 라이프스킬 하위요인에서는 목표설정과 시간관리의 효과크기가 통계적으로 유의했다. 전이에서는 친구갈등해결, 목표설정, 만나기와 인사하기, 그리고 도움주고받기의 효과크기가 통계적으로 유의했다. 심층면담 결과에서는 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 나타난 요인들에 대해 학생들의 구체적인 사례를 제시했다. 결론 PEAK는 대학생의 라이프스킬 학습과 전이에 부분적으로 유의한 효과를 미친다. 이 연구의 결과는 유소년에게만 국한되어 있던 라이프스킬 교육을 다양한 연령층으로 확대하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Purpose The purpose of this study was to apply the PEAK (Performance·Enhancement·Achievement·Knowledge) program, which integrated Taekwondo and life skills, to college students and to identify changes in life skills and transfer. Method 25 (male=14 and female=11) students taking general education classes at Y university were selected as the participants by using the purposive sampling method. The PEAK was applied once a week for 120 minutes (90 minutes taekwondo, 30 minutes worksheet) for 15 weeks. Data were collected using the sport life skills scale and transfer survey. Also, in-depth interviews were conducted to examine the details of the changes. Quantitative data were conducted corresponding paired t-test to compare the differences in pre- and post-scores, and the Cohen’s effect size (d) was calculated. Qualitative data were analyzed and reviewed through the expert meeting to derive meaningful results. Results Comparison of pre- and post-score results showed statistically significant effects in several sub-factors of life skills and transfer. Specifically, the goal setting and time management sub-factors of life skills were statistically significant with Cohen’s d effect sizes. The effect sizes of friend conflict resolution, goal setting, meeting and greeting, and helping each other in the life skills transfer were statistically significant. The results of the in-depth interview provide specific examples of students for factors that show statistically significant changes. Conclusion The PEAK had a partially significant effect on the life skills development and transfer of college students. The findings of this study are expected to help expand life skills education, which was limited to youth, to various age groups.

경상남도 창녕에서 집단 발생한 피부 탄저병의 임상양상

박찬원,박정래,정종윤,이선희,장철훈,오차재,조병만,임재영,오창근,권경술 대한감염학회 2002 감염 Vol.34 No.4

PET/CT 검사에서 환자체형에 따른 적정검사 프로토콜에 관한 고찰

조석원,함준철,강천구,반영각,이승재,임한상,이창호,박훈희,Cho, Seok Won,Ham, Joon-Chul,Kang, Chun Goo,Bahn, Young Kag,Lee, Seung Jae,Lim, Han Sang,Lee, Chang-Ho,Park, Hoon-Hee 대한핵의학기술학회 2013 핵의학 기술 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose: Whole-body PET using radiopharmaceutical is one of the imaging study methods for physiological changes of body. High specificity of the PET-CT examination is used to detect an early stages of cancer and metastatic cancer by imaging a physiological changes. During the imaging process, PET image has been characterized by a relatively low image quality due to its low sensitivity and the acquisition of random and scatter coincidences as well as patients figure. Therefore, the image quality as the changes of the acquisition times of patient weight was evaluated in this study. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients who presented to our hospital were enrolled. They were divided to normal, overweight, and obese group using BMI index, respectively. The patients with a liver disease and diabetes were excluded. $^{18}F-FDG$ was administered to the patients as 5.2 MBq per kg. After an hour from an injection, image acquisition was obtained as List mode in a part of liver in 1 bed. SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of each groups acquisition times were confirmed from the calculated radiation counts and random fractions. The statistical significance of three groups was confirmed through one-way ANOVA test. On the basis of the counts of 2 minutes on normal group, the SNR of overweight group and obese group were compared. Results: The SNR were increased with loger aquisition time in 3 groups. In the condition of same acquisition time, the SNR had a statistical significance (P<0.05). The SNR were decreased to the normal, overweight, and obese, respectively. Liver activity had no significance difference on each group and RF had the significance differences (P<0.05). On the basis of the counts of 2 minutes on normal group, there were no statistical significance in a three minute acquisitions of overweight group and two minute acquisitions of obese group (P=0.150). Conclusion: In this study, the administrated amount of radiation dose did not adjust as the change of the patients weight. Increasing the acquisition time when the administration of the same amount of dose was able to get a good result of SNR. When the Based 2 minute on normal group, if overweight and obese case the increased acquisition time of 3 minute was able to obtain a similar SNR. On the basis of the normal group, the acquisition times of overweight and obese group were increased to 3 minutes per bed and the SNR were similar to the normal group.