당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 혈중 Erythropoietin 농도

김동규,유기동,허광식,김상용,윤성호,조영신,권용은,김태원,김건영,정종훈,배학연 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.1

연구 배경 : 고혈당성에 의한 산화환원반응 이상(가저산소증)이 조절 되지않는 당뇨병의 특징으로 혈관과 신경 기능에 대한 진성 저산소증의 효과와 유사하며, 당뇨 합병증의 병태생리에 중요한 역할을 한다. 고혈당이 있는 인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 환자에서 인슐린 수준이 정상이듯이, 빈혈이 있는 당뇨병 환자에서 EPO의 농도는 실제 혈색소 농도의 감소비율과 차이가 있을 것이라 추측된다. Friedman 등은 당뇨병성 합병증 원인 인자로 가저산소증(pseudohypoxia) 또는 저산소증(hypoxia)을 제기하였고 이런 인자들이 EPO의 상대적 또는 절대적 결핍에 의한 것임을 보고하였다. 방법 : EPO-Trac^(TM 125)I RIA kit을 이용하여 방사면역측정법으로 EPO 수준을 검사하였다. 전혈 3㎖을 5-10㎖ 시험관에 정맥 채혈하였으며, 용혈과 장기간의 보존을 위하여 원심분리를 즉시 시행하여 혈청을 영하 200C에서 냉동 보관 후 일괄적으로 검사 결과를 얻었다. 결과 : 1996년 9월부터 1997년 2월까지 조선대학교 부속병원 내과에 입원한 2형 당뇨병 환자 63례를 대상으로 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 당뇨병성 합병증이 없는 군과 있는 군간의 혈색소, 혈중 EPO농도의 차이는 유의한 차이가 있었으며 혈색소의 감소율보다 혈중 EPO의 감소율이 더 높았다. 2) 당뇨병성 망막증의 유무에 따른 혈색소 농도의 차이는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 혈중 EPO농도는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 증식성군에서만 혈중 EPO의 감소비율이 혈색소에 비해 높았다. 3) 당뇨병성 신증의 유무에 따른 혈색소, 혈중 EPO농도는 유의한 차이가 있었고 혈색소 감소율에 비해 EPO농도의 감소율이 높았다. 신증의 중증도에 따른 혈색소, EPO의 차이는 미세알부민뇨군을 제외하고는 유의한 차이를 보였고 혈색소 감소율에 비해 EPO의 감소율이 더높았다. 4) 당뇨병성 신경병증의 유무에 따른 혈색소 농도의 차이는 유의한 차이가 없었으며 EPO농도는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 혈색소와 EPO의 감소비율은 비슷하였다. 신경병증의 중등도에 따른 혈색소와 EPO농도의 변화는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 stage 3에서는 혈색소감소율보다 EPO감소율이 더높았다. 결론 : 당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 빈혈의 정도는 대부분 혈청 EPO치의 절대적 감소에 의함을 간접적으로 밝혀낼 수 있었으며 차후 더 많은 대상으로 비교 분석이 필요하리라 사료된다. Background: Hyperglycemic-induced redox(pseudohypoxia) imbalance is a characteristic feature of poorly controlled diabetes that mimics the effects of true hypoxia on vascular and neural functions and plays an important role on the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. As is true for apparently "normal" insulin levels typically found in NIDDM even in the presence of hyperglycemia, a "normal" erythropoietin level in an anemic diabetic subject may be disproportionally low for the actual red cell mass. Therefore, Friedman et al suggested that pseudohypoxia or hypoxia as an etiological factor of diabetic complications are due to absolute or relative erythropoietin deficiency Method: EPO-TracTM 125I RIA kit was used for the quantitative determination of erythropoietin(EPO) in serum by radioimmunoassay. An adequate sample of blood (3ml whole blood) was collected aseptically by venipuncture in a 5~10ml glass tube to yield a minimum of 400 L of serum per assay. The serum was promptly removed from the clot by centrifugation in order to avoid hemolysis. Then to increase its storage time it was frozen at -200C in a nonself defrosting freezer. Finally, tests were undertaken simultaneously Results We studied 63 cases with diabetes mellitus, who were admitted to Chosun University Hospital from September, 1996 to February, 1997 at the Department of Internal Medicine. We defined the control group, as diabetic patients who did not have anemia(<13mg/dl), diabetic complications(retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and the remainders were defined as the experimental group(we excluded anemic patients, who had secondary causes of anemia and diabetic patients with end stage renal disease)Data were as follow 1) The relationship of Hb and the 24hr urine protein between diabetic patients with and without complications significantly differed(p=0.02, < 0.001 respectively), but the Hb level was poorly related between diabetic patients with and without retinopathy(except in preproliferative, proliferative subgroups) and neuropathy. 2) Subgroups of patients with diabetic complications had higher 24hr urine protein than patients without diabetic complications, except stage I diabetic neuropathy 3) The EPO level was significantly different between diabetic patients with and without complications. 4) The correlation between EPO and Hb was significantly different, especially in diabetic patients with retinopathy and nephropathy according to severity of diabetic complications, compared with patients who did not have diabetic complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. Conclusion: We know that anemia induced by diabetic complications is due to relative EPO deficiency than absolute EPO deficiency, and further evaluation and studies are needed on many cases in the future

가막사리(Bidens tripartita L.)와 미국가막사리(Bidens frondosa L.) 종자의 발아에 미치는 몇가지 요인

신혜정,신종섭,김지훈,김학윤,이인중,신동현,김길웅 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 慶北大農學誌 Vol.17 No.-

The experiments were conducted to determine the factors such as light and darkness, phytohormone and seed coat, influencing on seed germination of Bidens tripartita L. and B. frondosa. The seeds of both species were germinated when seed coat was damaged and weakened GA3 and BA stimulated germination of both species but ABA and IAA had no effect on germination of them, which ranged 50.0% to 80.0%. In B. forndosa, when inner layer of seed coat was removed, germination was highly promoted up to 96.7% compared with 10.0% germination rate in another treatments.

당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 혈증 Erythropoietin 농도

김동규,유기동,허광식,김상용,윤성호,조영신,권용은,김태원,김건영,정종훈,배학연 조선의대 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.1

양측성 알도스테론 분비 선종 1 예

김동규,김규태,이상조,신형식,김학양,유재영,배수동,임성희,김병태,김종혁,송숙희 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.5

Primary aldosteronism is a condition in which chronic aldosterone excess exists independently or semiindependently of the renin-angiotensin system, resulting in hypertension and hypokalemia. The most common cause of primary aldosteronism is unilateral aldosterone-producing adrenal cortical adenoma. The indiopathic aldosteronism showing bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia accounts for the bulk of the remaining cases. Only rare cases of primary aldosteronism are known to be due to multiple aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma. We report a case of primary aldosteronism due to bilateral adenomas, which was diagnosed preoperatively by abdomen CT and then confirmed by operation and pathological findings.

산후에 발병한 특발성 부갑상선 기능저하증 I 예

김정인,김상용,신병철,김경남,서영욱,이범주,김진화,배학연 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Hypoparathyroidism is usually the result of an inadvertent surgical removal of all the parathyroid glands, In some instances, not all the tissues are removed, but the remainder undergoes vascular supply compromise secondary to the fibrotic changes in the neck after surgery, Previously, the surgery for hyperthyroidism was the most frequent cause of acquired hypoparathyroidism. Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is a relatively rare disease that is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to a parathyroid hormone deficiency of an unknown cause, It usually develops at a young age, and shows various clinical symptoms and signs accompanied with hypocalcemia. In addition, it is rarely associated with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome during the follow-up. Hypocalcemia and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism associated with labor and lactation are rarely reported condition previously. We here describe a case of a woman in whom the symptomatic severe hypocalcemia appeared after her delivery. We reviewed all the previously reported cases and suggest a possible physiological explanation for the association between pregnancy, lactation, and the appearance of symptomatic hypocalcemia.

논문 : 도시 상업 공간 구조에 대한 차별화된 성별 이용 패턴 분석 -신촌 및 이화여대 상업 지구를 사례로-

신정엽 ( Jung Yeop Shin ),이건학 ( Gun Hak Lee ),김진영 ( Jean Young Kim ) 한국도시지리학회 2014 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

도시 상업 공간은 성별에 따라 차별화된 특성을 가지며, 다양한 활용이 이루어진다. 그런데, 성별에 따른 도시 상업 공간의 특성 이해의 중요성에도 불구하고, 미시적 스케일에서 실증적 분석 연구가 제대로 이루어지지 못한 실정이다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 성별에 따른 도시 상업 공간의 탐색을 실증적으로 수행하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시 신촌 지역과 이화여대 상업 지구를 대상으로, 건물의 투수성, 업종 분포와 공간 조직, 토지이용의 활용도를 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 성별에 따라 남성 중심 업종은 주로 신촌 지역에, 여성 중심 업종은 이화여대 지역에 공간적으로 클러스터되어 있으며, 두 지구의 업종 분포의 차이는 성별에 따른 사회적 활동과 의미와 관련되어 있음을 확인하였다. Urban commercial space has differentiated characteristics by gender, and a variety of urban activities are performed in that space. Notwithstanding the importance of understanding characteristics of urban commercial space by gender, there had been little research in both empirical and quantitative ways. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to explore the urban commercial space by gender quantitatively. For empirical analysis, Shin-chon and Ewha Womans University areas were analyzed in terms of building transparency, spatial distribution of business and spatial structure, and land use. From the results of the analysis, we could find that the business domain for males is mainly spatially clustered in Shin-chon area, while the business domain for females dominates Ewha Womans University area in a spatially clustered form. Furthermore, significant differences of the land use pattern between two areas are likely to be related with social activities by gender.

색과 향의 첨가에 따른 콩나물의 기호도 조사

김학윤,박영호,허상선,이인중,신동현,김길웅 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 慶北大農學誌 Vol.18 No.-

Preferences on the change of color and aroma of soybean sprout was surveyed. Negative response of 'bad' or 'very bad' on pink (72%), red (60%), and green (44%) coloring was obtained. However, yellow coloring showed about 55% of positive response of 'good' or 'very good'. Thus yellow is the only color which received highly positive response among altered-color soybean sprouts. Significantly different result was observed when various aroma was added to soybean sprout. 80% of peanut scent-added soybean sprout and 76% of melon scent-added soybean sprout received positive response of 'good' or 'very good' while only 20% of the reponse was negative. In conclusion, altering color to yellow and addition of peanut scent or melon scent could increase the general preference of soybean sprout.

금속 결합제를 사용한 Nd-Fe-B 영구자석에 관한 연구

金炯太,金學信 全北大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

Recently there has been a great deal of interests Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet materials because of the broad availability, the low cost of constituents and impressive magnetic properties. Powder metallurgical method is mostly used for fabrication of Nd-Fe-B hard magnets. Nd-Fe-B plastic magnets are fabricated by mixing melt spun magnetic powders with resin. In this study metal powders as a binder are used. MQ powder and Nd-Fe-B alloy powder by mechanical grinding compacted, heat-treated and hot-pressed with additive Zn, Ag-Zn, Al-Cu binders and the magnetic properties on two kinds of permanent magnets were investigated with DC-fluxmeter, SEM and AES. The results obtained in this experiment are as follows; 1. Nd-Fe-B isotropic magnets with mechanical grinding and additive Zn, Ag-Zn, Al-Cu were fabricated, but obtained not above B_r 4.5kG because of no densitification. 2. Nd-Fe-B isotropic magnet which used MQ powder with additive 6wt% Zn and heat-treated at 650℃ for 1 hour is increased to _iH_c 2.7kOe, while Nd-Fe-B magnet with additive 6wt% Ag-Zn at 700℃ for 1 hour is increased _iH_c 5.5kOe. 3. Nd_16Fe_78B_6 isotropic permanent magnet which added Al-Cu 3wt% and hot-pressed at 700℃ is obtained B_r 6.7kG, _iH_c 18.4kOe.

범죄경력자의 관리실태와 효율적 개선방안

김학신 치안정책연구소 2011 치안정책연구 Vol.25 No.2

The recent crimes committed by the ex-criminals, which are committed in various types, has been affecting people at unrest. Therefore, people are insisting to create the criticism through media towards the mismanagement by the government on ex-criminals, demanding prevention activity by the police, and also request for strong penalties sentences to second offenders similar to United States. Regarding the increasing second crime rate by ex criminals, the Department of Justice aims to amend current Electronic Tagging Act extending to habitual robbery in response to crime prevention starting in 2012. The current provision on Electronic Tagging Acts only applies to the sex offenders, under age kidnappers, and murderers. Especially, due to the fact that the robbery has high potential to be recommitted and become more violent crime like sexual offenses or murders, utilizing electronic bracelet could be effective in violent crime prevention method. Hence, the second crimes committed by ex-criminals, especially, sexual offense towards kids and youth has been increasing, threatening our family and peace of the society. The recent crimes have been cleverer, intelligent, and brutal. Furthermore, murder, robbery, rape and gang crime, and sexual offense have high rate of second crime. For instance, 50% of the violent criminals incarnated in prison are the second criminals. Although the government has been aiming to manage the second criminal by utilizing protective supervision and other relating preventions, the survey data on the other hand, has been proving that these provisions are not enough to prevent violent crimes. Therefore, this study intends to introduce the management of second crimes in onshore and offshore, and then suggests the efficient prevention for improvement on violent crimes. 최근 다양한 형태로 발생하고 있는 범죄경력자에 의한 재범은 국민들을 불안하게 하고 있다. 이에 국민들은 정부가 재범의 가능성이 높은 범죄경력자의 관리가 소홀한 것이 아닌가 하는 비난 여론 형성과 범죄경력자의 재범 위험에 대한 경찰의 범죄 예방활동, 그리고 미국처럼 재범자에 대하여 강력한 처벌을 요구하고 있다. 이처럼 범죄경력자의 재범률이 높아지니 이에 대한 재범예방의 필요성으로 2012년부터 상습 강도범에게도 전자발찌를 부착하고자 법무부에서 현행 '특정 범죄자에 대한 위치추적 전자장치 부착 등에 관한 법률(일명, 전자발찌법)'의 개정을 추진하고 있다고 한다. 현행의 전자발찌법은 상습성이나 재범의 위험성이 인정되는 성폭력범과 미성년자 대상 유괴범, 살인범에게만 전자발찌를 부착하도록 하고 있다. 특히, 강도는 다른 범죄에 비해 재범률이 높고, 성폭행이나 살인 등의 흉악범행으로 이어질 가능성이 크기 때문에 전자발찌의 부착을 통해 범죄 예방 및 제재 수단이 필요하다. 이처럼 범죄경력자에 의한 범죄 특히, 아동과 청소년을 대상으로 하는 성(性)폭력범죄는 지속적으로 발생하고 있고, 우리의 가정과 사회의 평화를 위협하고 있으며, 더불어 범죄자들은 더욱더 교묘해지고, 지능화, 흉폭화 되어가고 있다. 또한 살인, 강도, 강간, 조직폭력, 성범죄와 같은 강력범죄는 유독 재범률이 높은데, 한 예로 강력범죄 수형자 중 재범자가 50% 이상이라 한다. 물론 정부도 보호관찰(probation) 등 다양한 제도를 통하여 범죄경력자들을 관리하고 있지만, 매년 증가하는 강력범죄를 막기에는 역부족이란 것을 현재의 각종 범죄통계에서 보여주고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 범죄경력자의 재범에 관한 국내․외 관리 실태와 이에 대한 효율적인 개선방안에 대하여 제시하고자 하였다.

전력계통과 연계된 열병합 발전설비의 최적운용에 관한 연구

신명철,김학만 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1

This paper presents exact modelling and optimum operation method of cogeneration with interconnected with power system for effective energy use. Cogeneration system consists of electric energy storage, on--site electric load, thermal energy storage, auxiliary boiler and on-site thermal load. By using linear programming, general model of cogeneration is estabilished in this paper. Therefore exact and powerful optimum operation schedule of cogeneration interconnected with power system can be estabilished. Through a case study an example is given to show optimum operation schedule of cogeneration interconnected with power system. And the efficient configuration of cogeneration system is proposed by comparing results of some case studies.