전화번호안내원의 누적외상성 장애

정해관,최병순,김지용,유선희,임현술,김용민,어경윤,권용욱 大韓産業醫學會 1997 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.9 No.1

To evaluate the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders in relation to ergonomic evaluation of their work, 260 female directory assistance operators employed in three branch facilities of the nation-wide telecommunication company. Ergonomic evaluation of the work status was done by two industrial hygienists through inspection. Workers were surveyed with standardized self-administered questionnaire and examined by family physicians and an orthopaedician for cumulative trauma disorders. Laboratory examination of serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), creatinine phosphokinase(CPK), aldolase and rheumatoid factor was done and X-ray of cervical spine and both shoulders was taken from all subjects and nerve conduction velocity test was done on 57 subjects with suspected nerve entrapment cases. Cumulative trauma disorders were categorized into 3 category according to work-relatedness of the disorders. On ergonomic evaluation of the working posture and work environment, improvement of work posture revealed inappropriate postures and devices. Mean age of the subjects were 39 years old and more than 80% graduated high school or above. Ninety-eight percent of the workers employed in the company for more than 15 years and 74.6% of the workers worked at the VDT job for more than 4 years. Mean daily work hours was 8.0 hours per day and mean break hours was 90.5 minutes per day with mean extra work hours of 10.7 hours per month. Mean daily calls were 1128.6 calls in maximum and 864-8 calls in minimum. On laboratory examination, 13.(5.0%) workers had abnormal AST, 53(20.4%) had abnormal CPK, and 1(0.4%) had abnormal aldolase level. On x-ray examination of cervical spine, 111(42.7%) had loss of or reversed normal cervical lordosis, 10(3.8%) had narrowing of intervertebral space. Nerve conduction velocity test was abnormal in 11(19.2%) among 57 workers. Among disorders categorized as work-related, 131(50.4%) were diagnosed to have fatigue myalgia of levator scapulae, 108(41.5%) had cervical strain or sprain, 47(18.1%) had fatigue arthralgia of phalangeal joints, and 47(18.1%) had probable carpal tunnel syndrome, in 10(3.8%) of those diagnosis was confirmed electrophysiologically. Age, seniority, work duration at present job, workload nor location of facilities were associated with the prevalence of symptoms nor specific diagnoses on simple statistical analysis and multiple logistic regression, which seems to be due to highly selected and homogeneous characteristics of the study subjects. Above results shows that cumulative trauma disorders are very prevalent among directory assistance operators and elaborate effort is needed to reduce the cumulative trauma disorders among the operators.

사람태아 간의 적혈구형성세포의 미세구조 변화

김해숙,김경용,이원복,김동창 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1992 中央醫大誌 Vol.17 No.3

The ultrastructural changes of erythropoietic cells were studied according to the maturation stages in human fetal liver. The erythropoietic cells were observed in hepatic plates and the most undifferentiated erythropoietic cell was proerythroblast. The cytoplasm of the cell had several mitochondria, RERs and low electron density. The oval nucleus had prominent nucleolus and slight peripheral heterochromatin along the inner nuclear membrane. The size of cells and nuclei became smaller with clumping of chromatin in the course of successive maturation stage, i.e. basophilic, polychromatophilic, and eosinophilic erythroblasts. The nucleus was enucleated from full-mature eosinophilic erythroblast and phagocytized by Kupffer cell lining sinusoidal wall. The intracellular organelles underwent, degeneration and the size became smaller with maturation. But the electron density of cytoplasm increased due to accumulation of hemoglobin. The erythropoietic cells appeared in cell mass composed of 5-10 cells, and made bleb-like cytoplasmic processes. In addition, the cells in granulocytopoiesis and megakaryocytopoiesis were found. In summary, it is suggested that the erythropoiesis formed in hepatic plates is initiated by hemopoietc stem cell originated from mesoderm of yolk sac.

객체지향형 교육용프로그래밍언어 두리틀의 다중 예약어 지원 체계

최해심,권대용,김형신,염용철,유승욱,이원규 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2005 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.8 No.2

抵當權의 效力의 範圍 : 民法 第358條를 中心으로

徐海溶 건국대학교 1998 학술논문집 : 건국대 대학원 Vol.46 No.1

Wie oben gesagt, Der Schlu?? des Ausland mit der Gesetzgebungsgewohnheit der U¨berpru¨fungs und der Augemessenheitsware sein, Der reichende Bereich die Hypothekendwirkung ist die Angemessienheitsware und der Zubeho¨r reichen. In Ru¨cksicht einer Sache, in diese Manuskript der reichende Bereich die Hypothekendwirkung ist entsprechende in dem Genitive gegeben sein. Die reichende Bereich der Hypothekendswirkung ist gleich in der reichende Bereing dem Genitivswirkung beurteiln. Aber in der Aufgabe der Hypotheksverwirklungs in diese soweit von der Erweiterung bis die Beschra¨nkung reichlichen sein. In dieser Beziehung das Pfandrecht und des teleolgical Besitzer in Einklang das komplizierte Interesse bringen, in der heutig Hypothek fu¨r den verwirklichen Zweck das Leben nur wenn die Lo¨sungen ist. Besonders, nach der Vera¨nderung der Wirtschaftsflage auch der Aufgabe der Hypotheksverwirklungs allma¨hlich erweitem werden. zusammen soweit auch der Zivilrechtsanalysis habe die Vera¨nderungs werden sein. Nach arch die Aufgabe der Hypotheksverwirklungs die Situationed und wirtschafted Vera¨nderungs in Verbindung mit dem haben werden.

개발산출물의 신뢰성 측정을 위한 메트릭스의 제안과 평가

이하용,황석형,양해술 한국정보처리학회 1998 한국정보처리학회 추계 학술발표논문집 Vol.4 No.1

소프트웨어는 갈수록 대규모화, 다기능화되는 방향으로 발전하고 있다. 더불어 소프트웨어에 관한 사용자의 요구 수준도 높아지고 있으며 특히 소프트웨어의 품질에 대한 요구는 지속적으로 높아지고 있다. 이러한 사용자의 요구를 만족시킬 수 있는 방안들이 다양한 관점에서 연구되고 있다. 그중에서도 소프트웨어의 품질평가를 통해 그 결과를 개발자에게 피드백함으로써 소프트웨어의 품질을 향상시키려는 관점에서 품질평가 체계 및 방법론에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어의 품질에 관한 국제표준인 ISO/IEC 9126의 품질특성 중 신뢰성에 대한 품질특성, 부특성, 내부특성의 체계에 따른 메트릭스와 품질측정표를 개발함으로써 관련 내부특성의 품질평가를 통해 신뢰성에 대한 평가 결과를 산출할 수 있는 체계를 확립하고 개발산출물에 대해 평가한 결과를 제시하였다. α,ω-Bis[Co₂(CO)6{μ-η²:η²-C(R)≡C}]oligothiophene derivatives (6-10), in which two dicobalt hexacarbonyl acetylides are π-conjugated onto both terminals of the oligothiophene, were prepared by the reaction of the α,ω-bis(alkynyl)oligothiophenes (1-5) with Co₂(CO)8. The molecular structures of new compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. In cyclic voltammetry of the clusters 6-10, two oligothiophene-based oxidation processes (one for 7) occur between - 0.2 and 1.5 V, and the one reductive process of the metal cluster moieties occurs between 0.0 and - 1.6 V, which is not present for the oligothiophenes (1-5). The silence of the expected electronic communication of the clusters 6-10 may be attributed to the reduction process followed by fast chemical reactions at ambient temperature. The clusters 6-10 commonly exhibit three characteristic bands: a moderately intense, high-energy band, strong medium-energy band and weak-low energy band. The high-energy bands are attributed to the a π-π localized excitation. The medium- and low-energy bands may be ascribed to the metal-to-ligand (d□-π□) charge-transfer transitions of the cluster moiety.

직장 항문기형에서 직장내 조명지침을 이용한 전방괄약근외형 접근법

신진용,조용훈,김해영,오남건 대한대장항문학회 2004 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.20 No.2

난소 임신 10예의 분석

김용진,이충일,이해혁,남계현,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

Ovarian pregnancy is an uncommon form of the ectopic pregnancies. The ovarian vascularity results in maternal hemorrhage early in the first trimester, which disrupts the pregnancy and usually ruptures the ovary with sufficient hemoperitoneum to require emergency operation. This report presents 10 cases of ovarian pregnancy by retrospective review between January 1986 and December 1995 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital. There was 19,849 deliveries and 637 ectopic pregnancies during same period. It showed that the incidence of ovarian pregnancy was 3.21 % of all ectopic pregnancies. The clinical features of ovarian pregnancy revealed that abdominal pain was the major symptom, and history of amenorrhea was obscure. Because of life-threatening course, the early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian pregnancy is important. The clinical diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy was more difficult than that of tubal pregnancy.

이중언어자에서 보인 두 형태의 실어증 : 증례보고 A Case Report

나해리,이정욱,박성민,박수열,권순용,이현정 대한치매학회 2004 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.3 No.2

Since many people in Korea know more than one language, bilingual aphasia is an important line of research in clinical and theoretical neurolinguistics. Nowadays we meet many people who speak other languages along with Korean, who are immigrants from foreign countries, especially from China. Differential recovery of language affected by an aphasic deficit is documented. In the present work, we introduced a patient with bilingual aphasia who showed different recovery patterns in Korean and Chinese. A 66-year-old man was presented with language disturbance and right hemiplegia. On past medical history, he had received a hematoma evacuation through burr-hole due to left basal ganglia hemorrhage. After the event, he showed nearly global aphasia in Korean, but he showed minimally preserved language function on comprehension and fluency in Chinese. This result suggests that aphasia in bilingual subject may show different pat-terns of recovery between two languages.

"學生 體力檢定을 爲한 國家 標準化 評定試案作成에 關한 體育統計學的調査硏究" : 男女 中高等 學生의 體力診斷 測定을 中心으로

李龍海 군산교육대학 1970 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

I. INTRODUCTION In order to accomplish the development and modernization of our country, we have to help children grow up healthy and strong. But at present,there are many problems which we have to improve in the bodily development of our children. One of these problems is that it seems our children's physical strength is more under-developed than that of other countries' children. Thereupon, in the earlier study I have attempted to examine ways of improving and managing physical education by formulating the elementary school students' physical strength measurement in 1968. I have set forth the results of it and rep-orted it to the Ministry of Education in February,1969. In the present study,I have attempted to examine ways of improving and mana-ging physical education, and formulating national standardized rating criteria for secondary school students' physical strength measurement continually in 1969. I have shown the results for the purpose of reporting it to the Ministry of Education. The study is based on random samples of 1,800 secondary school boys and girls, covering Kunsan City as an urban community Kim Je Up and Jung Joo Up as a rural community and Go Chang Gun as remote mountain community in Jeoullab-ugdo.The research is performed by the survey to discover the problems of lower physical strength of students and for diagnosing and valuating basic physical strength and basic motor skills. The standardized rating criteria table of the physical strength is made by the method of standard deviation and the method of percentile. There are eight items of physical strength measurement,such as agility,muscular power, muscular stren-gth, softness, balance, and endurance of boys and girls equally. There are six items of the fundamental motor skills test, such as running, jumping, throwing, pull-up, and co-ordination. The result of the fundamental physical strength diagnostic test is standardized by calculating the score of each item at five and the total score at 40 and by rating the score with the method of standard deviation. The result of the funda-mental motor skills test is standardized by calculating the score of each item at 20 and the total score 100 (Two items of co-ordinating strength are calculated as one item.) and by rating the score with the method of percentile, and the gener-alized result of the examination of the classtfied dedision table is formulated by sex and age, respectively. The research of the elements of lower physical strength is observed by the survey concerning the elements of nutrition, environment, physical activities and facilities of physical education. II. RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH A. The results of the fundamental physical strength measurement may be summarized as follows : (1) The scores of boy students' fundamental physical strength are a little higher than those of girl students. (2) According to the comparison by regional groups, the rank of the boy students' fundamental physical strength score is decided as follows : The highest regi-onal group is the urban community, the second the rural community, and the third the remote mountain community. The rank of the gril students' fundam-ental physical strength score is decided as follows : The highest regional group is the remote mountain community, the second the urban community, and the third the rural community. (3) According to the generalized progression of judgement, both boy students and girl students are "C" grade equally, and 48% of the boys and 44.7% of the girls are "C" grade. B. The results of the fundamental motor skills test may be summarized as follows : (1) The scores of boy students are a little higher than those of girl students. (2) According to age comarison by regional groups, the rank of the scores of boy students' fundamental motor skills test is decided as follows : The highest regional group is the urban community, the second the rural community, and the third the remote mountain community. The rank of the scores of girl students is decided as follows : The highest regional group is the remote moun-tain community, the second the rural community, and the third the urban community. (3) The ranks of the generalized progression of judgement of the fundamental motor skills are decided five,four, three, two, one and zero. According to the result of students' fundamental motor skills test, the highest frequency is five, the second three, the third four, the fourth two, the fifth one, and the last zero. A percentage of 28.6 of the boy students, and 38.0 of the girl students made the highest score. (4) The score of our students fundamental motor skills is lower than that of Japanese students. III. CONCLUSION As the above statements show, there are many problems both is secondary school students' fundamental physical strength and in their fundamental motor skills. In the following, I am going to suggest methods of overcoming those problems. (1) We have to improve the diet to supply enough nutritious food. (2) We have to improve the life environment for the students to grow up healthy and strong. (3) We have to improve the method of physical education in secondary education. (4) We have to establish enough facilities for physical educatian. (5) We have to perform both the subject matter and guidance services for improving physical education. In the following, I would like to acknowledge my indebtedness to many people who have helped me make this work possible. First I would like to express my gratitude to the authorities of the Ministry of Education who supplied the reseach expenses. I would also like to acknowledge my gratitude to the superintendent of Jeoullabogdo Board of Education, the supervisor of physical education, principals, and teachers who helped me. And I would also wish to express sincere thanks to the director of Kunsan Teachers' College.

Berberine의 항생제 내성 황색포도구균에 대한 항미생물 효과

김해경,차정단,유용욱,김강주,이동근 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 2000 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.9 No.1

Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) emerged in many parts of the world and increased complex clinical problems. Therefore, new agents are needed to treat to antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. Some natural products are candidates of new antibotic substances. Previous reports showed that the extract of Coptidis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex have antimicrobial effects. The main antibacterial substance of Coptidis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex is berberine. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial activity of berberine to antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. We isolated the 13 strains of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus from the oral cavity of healthy children in a preschool, and investigated the antimicrobial activity of berberine. We examined the effects of berberine on the level of resistance to antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. We observed that the invasion of S. aureus into human gingival fibroblasts was blocked by berberine. Berberine inhibited the growth of antibiotic-resistant. S. aureus as a dose dependent maner. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of berberine against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus was 50-100 ㎍/ml. The inhibition of S. aureus invasion was depended on the concentration of berberine in human gingival fibroblasts. The MIC of ampicillin against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus was 32 ㎍/ml. However, the MIC of ampicillin against antibiotic-resitant S. aureus in the presence of 50 ㎍/ml berberine was 1 ㎍/ml. These data indicate that the combination with berberine and β-lactam antibiotics resulted in the synergistic reaction. These results suggest that the berberine may have the antimicrobial activities to antibiotic-resistant. S. aureus, and the mechanism may be the inhibition of growth and intracellular invasion. and alteration of antibiotic-resistance level of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus.