Isolation of Cellulose from Wheat Straw and Its Utilization for the Preparation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Hailong Li,Hai-Rong Zhang,Lian Xiong,Xuefang Chen,Can Wang,Chao Huang,Xin-De Chen 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.5

Cellulose was isolated from wheat straw by the combined pretreatment including dilute acid hydrolysis, ethanolextraction, and alkaline H2O2 delignification. The effects of varying the parameters on carboxymethylation on isolatedcellulose were investigated. Furthermore, the chemical structure of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) prepared from wheatstraw was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopeanalysis. The isolated cellulose is mainly composed of cellulose without hemicellulose and with minors of lignin and ash. The optimal conditions for carboxymethylation were base concentration, 20 %; reaction temperature, 70 oC; reaction time,2 h; mass ratio of etherifying agent to cellulose, 1.75. Under the optimized conditions, CMC with high degree of substitution(0.88) and low viscosity (18 mPa·s) was synthesized. Chemical structural characterization showed the feasibility of thepreparation of CMC from wheat straw. The constituents of wheat straw would be maximally utilized by the proposed method.

Preconditioned Gauss-Seidel iterative method for Z-matrices linear systems

Hailong Shen,Xinhui Shao,Zhenxing Huang,Chunji Li 대한수학회 2011 대한수학회보 Vol.48 No.2

For Ax=b, it has recently been reported that the convergence of the preconditioned Gauss-Seidel iterative method which uses a matrix of the type P=I+S(α) to perform certain elementary row operations on is faster than the basic Gauss-Seidel method. In this paper, we discuss the adaptive Gauss-Seidel iterative method which uses P=I+S(α) +[기호](β) as a preconditioner. We present some comparison theorems, which show the rate of convergence of the new method is faster than the basic method and the method in [7] theoretically. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of our algorithm.

PCSK9 regulates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury through parkin/pink1-mediated autophagy pathway

Huang Guangwei,Bao Hailong,Zhan Peng,Lu Xiyang,Duan Zonggang,Xiong Xinlin,Lin Muzhi,Wang Bing,An Hongxin,Xiahou Luanda,Zhou Haiyan,Luo Zhenhua,Li Wei 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2024 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.20 No.2

Objectives This study aimed at investigating the role of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9)-mediated autophagy on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). To determine the relationship between autophagy, apoptosis, fibrosis, and inflammation in the myocardium, to provide experience in preventing and treating the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods An AC16 hypoxia-reoxygenation model and a rat myocardial ischemia–reperfusion model were established. The concentrations of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) in plasma were measured by ELISA. To determine the size of the myocardial infarction, TTC/EB staining was performed. In addition to identifying pathological changes in myocardial tissue, Masson’s trichrome stains and H&E stains were used to identify pathological changes. Echocardiography was employed to detect cardiac function. Western blot analysis was then performed to detect the protein expression of Parkin, Pink1, and markers associated with autophagy (Beclin-1, p62, LC3). Results A significant increase in PCSK9 was observed in the myocardium during H/R. In the cardiac-specific PCSK9 knockdown model, cardiac autophagy was significantly inhibited, whereas cardiac-specific PCSK9 overexpression promoted cardiac autophagy. In vivo studies have demonstrated a significant decrease in cardiac autophagy when the PCSK9 inhibitor was administered. Apoptosis induced by I/R was greatly decreased, and myocardial infarction size and function were both improved by PCSK9 inhibitors. Mechanistically, the PCSK9 inhibitor improved the degree of myocardial fibrosis and inhibited the development of inflammation. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that increased PCSK9 via the parkin/pink1 signaling pathway contributes to I/R and H/R by exaggerating excessive autophagy during reperfusion/reoxygenation. In addition, the PCSK9 inhibitor blocked the development of inflammation and improved Infarct size, myocardial function, and myocardial fibrosis.

PRECONDITIONED GAUSS-SEIDEL ITERATIVE METHOD FOR Z-MATRICES LINEAR SYSTEMS

Shen, Hailong,Shao, Xinhui,Huang, Zhenxing,Li, Chunji Korean Mathematical Society 2011 대한수학회보 Vol.48 No.2

For Ax = b, it has recently been reported that the convergence of the preconditioned Gauss-Seidel iterative method which uses a matrix of the type P = I + S (${\alpha}$) to perform certain elementary row operations on is faster than the basic Gauss-Seidel method. In this paper, we discuss the adaptive Gauss-Seidel iterative method which uses P = I + S (${\alpha}$) + $\bar{K}({\beta})$ as a preconditioner. We present some comparison theorems, which show the rate of convergence of the new method is faster than the basic method and the method in [7] theoretically. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of our algorithm.

Stochastic characteristics of reinforcement corrosion in concrete beams under sustained loads

Le Huang,Xianyu Jin,Chuanqing Fu,Hailong Ye,Xiaoyu Dong 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2020 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.25 No.5

This paper deals with the characteristics of reinforcement corrosion in concrete beams under the influence of sustained loads. The evolution and distribution laws of the reinforcement corrosion were measured periodically over time. The results show that sustained load exhibits a pronounced exacerbating effect on the reinforcement corrosion, and enlarges the nonuniformity level of corrosion as the load level increases. Accompanied with the continuous formation of the rust, the corrosion rate was also observed to be highly nonlinear and time-dependent. Moreover, to visually and quantitatively analyze the distribution of reinforcement corrosion, the 3D scanning technology combined with the probability statistics analysis was adopted, and the observed nonuniformity can be well described by the Gumbel distribution. Finally, an approach based on the three-phase spherical model was proposed to estimate the reinforcement corrosion, taking account of the effects of sustained load on the changes of concrete porosity and oxygen diffusivity.

Laser-activatable Oxygen Self-supplying Nanoplatform for Efficiently Overcoming Colorectal Cancer Resistance by Enhanced Ferroptosis and Alleviated Hypoxic Microenvironment

Hao Jiang,Hailong Tian,Zhihan Wang,Bowen Li,Rui Chen,Kangjia Luo,Shuaijun Lu,Edouard C. Nice,Wei Zhang,Canhua Huang,Yuping Zhou,Shaojiang Zheng,Feng Gao 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer worldwide, with chemo-resistance remaining a major obstacle in CRC treatment. Notably, the imbalance of redox homeostasis-mediated ferroptosis and the modulation of hypoxic tumor microenvironment are regarded as new entry points for overcoming the chemo-resistance of CRC. Methods Inspired by this, we rationally designed a light-activatable oxygen self-supplying chemo-photothermal nanoplatform by co-assembling cisplatin (CDDP) and linoleic acid (LA)-tailored IR820 via enhanced ferroptosis against colorectal cancer chemo-resistance. In this nanoplatform, CDDP can produce hydrogen peroxide in CRC cells through a series of enzymatic reactions and subsequently release oxygen under laser-triggered photothermal to alleviate hypoxia. Additionally, the introduced LA can add exogenous unsaturated fatty acids into CRC cells, triggering ferroptosis via oxidative stress-related peroxidized lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, photothermal can efficiently boost the rate of enzymatic response and local blood flow, hence increasing the oxygen supply and oxidizing LA for enhanced ferroptosis. Results This nanoplatform exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy in chemo-resistant cell lines and showed potent inhibitory capability in nude mice xenograft models. Conclusions Taken together, this nanoplatform provides a promising paradigm via enhanced ferroptosis and alleviated hypoxia tumor microenvironment against CRC chemo-resistance.

Improved production, purification and bioactivity of a polysaccharide from submerged cultured Ganoderma lucidum

Huabin Zhou,Gaoqiang Liu,Furu Huang,Xiangting Wu,Hailong Yang 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.12

Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidumshowed multiple biological activities, such as immunomodulating,antitumor, antioxidant, and hepatoprotectiveactivity, etc. Adlay oil was added into the media to enhancepolysaccharide production by submerged culture of G. lucidumin this work. The results revealed the optimal concentrationof adlay oil was 1.5 % for polysaccharideproduction of G. lucidum. Analysis of the polysaccharidecomponents confirmed that no novel components werebiosynthesized by the addition of adlay oil. The mainfraction of extracellular polysaccharide, GLEP-2, wasisolated from the submerged culture broth of G. lucidum byethanol precipitation, filtration, DEAE cellulose-52 andSepharose CL-6B chromatography. GLEP-2, which wascomposed of glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, andrhamnose in a ratio of 332:55:32:13:3 respectively, had anaverage molecular weight of *2.08 9 104 Da. The bioactivitytests demonstrated that GLEP-2 enhanced the Tlymphocyte proliferation significantly at a concentration of200 lg/mL and B lymphocyte proliferation at lower concentrationsof 50 lg/mL. The results suggest polysaccharidesfrom the submerged culture of G. lucidum arepotential candidates for further development and possiblecommercial applications, especially in the pharmaceuticaland functional foods industries.

LDL Coating pVEGF/polyethylenimine Complex Enhances Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression

Jian Li,Guang Yang,Min Feng,Hailong Liang,Jun Zhang,Danhong Huang,Siyun Deng,Yuan Shen 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.6

The major limitations to non-viral gene delivery are relatively low efficiency and cytotoxicity, which need to be addressed in the design of new vectors. In this study,negatively charged low density lipoproteins (LDL) were coated onto positively charged pVEGF/PEI complexes to form pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes by a two-step procedure. The biocompatible LDL was introduced to reduce the cytotoxicity of the gene delivery system and increase its affinity to cells. The successful formation of pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes was confirmed by their near-neutral and slightly negative surface charges. The pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes were well-defined sub-micron spherical particles. On the cell viability assay, both of the PEI/LDL combined vector and pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes exhibited much lower cytotoxicity to HeLa cells and HUVE cells than those of PEI and pVEGF/PEI complexes, attributed to the shielding effect of the LDL. pEGFP/PEI/LDL terplexes showed significantly higher transfection efficiency in comparison to pEGFP/PEI complexes in serum-containing medium. pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes at their optimal N/P ratio and LDL/PEI weigh ratio induced higher expression levels of VEGF protein in HUVE cells than those of pVEGF/PEI complexes. Therefore, the pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes could be used as a promising gene delivery system to enhance VEGF protein expression.

A NOVEL ANTI-ESTROGEN RECEPTOR TARGETED WATER-SOLUBLE QDs FOR BREAST CANCER CELL IMMUNOFLUORESCENT LABELING

XING REN,Jing-Yuan Wang,HAILONG HUANG,ZHELI XU,GUANG SUN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.7

This research is aimed to develop a novel kind of biomarker based on water-soluble quantum dots(QDs) conjugated with estrogen receptor (ER) for the detection of breast cancer (BC). To achievethe purpose, hydrophobic octadecylamine-coated QDs were encapsulated with amphiphilic bio-compatible centipede-like polymer p(aspartate)-Na-graft-p(ethylene glycol)-dodecylamine(PASP-Na-g-PEG-DDA), and then modi¯ed with ER monoclonal antibodies, which is one ofthe most popular biomarkers for the detection and management of breast cancer worldwide. Thetargeted QDs kept the original optical property of QDs. The cytotoxicity in vitro experimentsshowed that QDs-ER probes had no obvious toxic side e®ects. Remarkably, confocal laser scanningmicroscopy (CLSM) revealed that the localized °uorescence appeared around the nucleus of humanbreast cancer cell MCF7 (ER positive) compared with that of human breast cancer cellMBA-MD-231 (ER negative). According to the above analysis, this new kind of probe has greatpotential in the diagnosis of breast tumor in vitro in future clinical application.

Analysis of Transient Magnetic Force on End‑Winding in the Inverter‑Fed Induction Machine

Liezheng Tang,Jiangjun Ruan,Hengyu Ding,Tao Huang,Hailong Liu 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.1

The increasing harmonics caused by inverter supply have an adverse impact on the end-winding vibration of the induction machine in accelerating failure and adding noise. Therefore, this paper puts forward an approach for end-winding magnetic force calculation in the inverter-fed induction machine. The 2D feld–circuit–motion coupling analysis is used to calculate the stator currents in an induction machine, which are taken as loads in 3D transient magnetic analysis to obtain magnetic force on the end-windings. A three-phase squirrel-cage induction machine was designed and an experiment was carried out on the test motor to validate the proposed model. The simulated stator current, magnetic fux density and magnetic force agree well with both the theoretical analysis and measured results. Finally, a 3-D transient structural simulation was performed to further analyze the end-winding vibration. However, there is some diference of end-winding vibration acceleration between the simulation and experiment in harmonic components. The above deviation is probably attributed to the structure simplifcation of the induction machine. Thus, the developed simulation model can calculate the magnetic force on end-winding with reasonable accuracy, but it is advisable to perform an experimental study to fully analyze the vibration characteristics of end-winding.