First-principles Study of the Electronic Structure of Nonmetal-doped Anatase TiO2

Yuan Wang,Jing Ma,Jian-Ping Zhou,Xiao-Ming Chen,Jing-Zhou Wang 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.3

In this paper, we present a detailed study of the structure, defect formation energy, and electronic and magnetic properties of nonmetal-doped TiO2 by using the first-principles projector augmented wave (PAW) potential within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The formation energy reduces with increasing electronegativity of the dopant. After doping with nonmetal elements, some band gaps of the doped-TiO2 become narrow, and others become wide, in which impurity states appear in the band gap. The relative positions of the impurity states are much different, mainly caused by the different electronegativities of the nonmetal elements F, O, B, C and N. When H is added to achieve a charge balance, the impurity states approach the valence band maximum, because the electronegativity difference among the nonmetal elements is decreased. Therefore, nonmetal and H codoping is an effective way to improve the visible-light catalytic activity of anatase TiO2. In addition, N-doping and C-doping can cause spin polarization of the TiO2 electronic structure and form 1.0 μB and 2.0 μB magnetic moment, respectively.

Effects of contact shape on ballistic phonon transport in semiconductor nanowires

Jing-Jing Yao,Wei-Qing Huang,Gui-Fang Huang,Yuan Chen,Ling-Ling Wang,Wangyu Hu,Anlian Pan 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.2

We study the effects of contact shape on ballistic phonon transport in semiconductor nanowires at low temperatures using an approximative scalar model of continuum elasticity. Five different contacts connected to two semiconductor nanowires with different transverse widths are discussed. Numerical results show that the contact shape acts as an ‘acoustic impedance adaptor’, playing a crucial role on the ballistic phonon transmission and thermal conductance. The phonon coupling in the contacts with certain length facilitates ballistic phonon transmission compared to the abrupt interface, in which the phonon scattering is the strongest. It is found that the more the contact is abrupt, the smaller the thermal conductance is. The catenoidal contact rather than the abrupt interface is also the competitive candidate to obtain bigger thermal conductance. These results indicate that choosing an appropriate contact shape is one of the most critical factors to accurately measure the thermal conductance with a very high precision and reliability in different temperature ranges at low temperatures.

Copper Particle Effect on the Breakdown Strength of Insulating Oil at Combined AC and DC Voltage

Wang, You-Yuan,Li, Yuan-Long,Wei, Chao,Zhang, Jing,Li, Xi The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

Converter transformer is the key equipment of high voltage direct current transmission system. The solid suspending particles originating from the process of installation and operation of converter transformer have significant influence on the insulation performance of transformer oil, especially in presence of DC component in applied voltage. Under high electric field, the particles easily lead to partial discharge and breakdown of insulating oil. This paper investigated copper particle effect on the breakdown voltage of transformer oil at combined AC and DC voltage. A simulation model with single copper particle was established to interpret the particle effect on the breakdown strength of insulating oil. The experimental and simulation results showed that the particles distort the electric field. The breakdown voltage of insulating oil contaminated with copper particle decreases with the increase of particle number, and the breakdown voltage and the logarithm of particle number approximately satisfy the linear relationship. With the increase of the DC component in applied voltage, the breakdown voltage of contaminated insulating oil decreases. The simulation results show that the particle collides with the electrode more frequently with more DC component contained in the applied voltage, which will trigger more discharge and decrease the breakdown voltage of insulating oil.

Muscle fatigue: general understanding and treatment

Jing-jing Wan,Zhen Qin,Peng-yuan Wang,Yang Sun,Xia Liu 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Muscle fatigue is a common complaint in clinical practice. In humans, muscle fatigue can be defined as exercise-induced decrease in the ability to produce force. Here, to provide a general understanding and describe potential therapies for muscle fatigue, we summarize studies on muscle fatigue, including topics such as the sequence of events observed during force production, in vivo fatigue-site evaluation techniques, diagnostic markers and non-specific but effective treatments.

Mechanism analysis of traffic congestion at sag section of the tunnel

Yuan Jing,Wang Tao,Cui Fengying,Zhang Jing 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.81 No.8

Sag sections are segments of the expressway where the slope changes greatly from downward to upward. In the expressway networks, sag sections are usually the bottleneck of trafc. Sag sections have become an important inducement of trafc congestion for its special geometric characteristics. However, the intrinsic mechanism of trafc congestion on sag sections is still unclear, especially the congestion in the tunnels. To describe the trafc fow of diferent road conditions, a dynamic optimal velocity function is proposed. Then, coupled with the proposed function, a new lattice hydrodynamic model is developed to reveal the infuence of sag on the stability of trafc fow in the tunnel. The linear stability condition is further obtained to analyze the potential efects of sag on the dynamics of trafc fow. The modifed Korteweg-de Vrie (mKdV) equation is also derived by using perturbation theory, and the corresponding kink-antikink soliton solution is obtained. Finally, the evolution process of trafc fow during the sag section is demonstrated by numerical simulation. It is suggested that the downhill section sag worse the stability of trafc fow, while the uphill section could stabilize the trafc fow, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis well. In addition, we also study the evolution laws of density waves under diferent disturbances in the metastable region.

"Sandwich" Chemotherapy (CT) with Radiotherapy (RT) Improves Outcomes in Patients with Stage I_E/II_E Extranodal Natural Killer (NK)/T-cell Lymphomas

Zhang, Jing,Zhu, Meng-Yuan,Wang, Liang,Wang, Hua,Wang, Wei-Da,Geng, Qi-Rong,Lu, Yue Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

The extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) shows high local or systemic failure rates when radiotherapy (RT) is taken as the primary treatment, suggesting a role for chemotherapy (CT) added to RT for this disease. However, the appropriate mode of combined modality therapy (CMT) has not been fully defined. A total of one hundred and twenty-one patients with ENKTL receiving sandwich CT with RT were reviewed between January 2003 and August 2012. The primary endpoints were the response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the relapse rate. After the initial CT, there were 84 (69.4%) patients in CR, 22 (18.2%) patients in PR, 9 (7.4%) patients in SD, and 6 (5%) patients in PD, respectively. At the end of RT, the CR, PR, SD, and PD rates for all patients were 90.9% (n=110), 1.7% (n=2), 4.1% (n=5), and 3.3% (n=4), respectively. After a median follow-up of 42.3 months (3.5~112.3 months), the 5-year PFS was 74.7% (95% CI 70.4%~79.0%), and 5-year OS was 77.3% (95% CI 67.9%~86.7%). Disease progression was documented in 25 (20.7%) patients. The rates of systemic failure, local failure, and regional failure were 18.2%, 5.8%, 1.7%, respectively. Twenty death events (16.5%) were observed for the entire group of patients (18 deaths related to PD). Furthermore, CR to the initial CT and low Korean Prognostic Index (KPI) can independently predict long PFS and OS. The sandwich CMT achieved an excellent outcome for localized ENKTL with acceptable toxicity. We recommend it can be applied as the optimal choice for localized ENKTL.

Copper Particle Effect on the Breakdown Strength of Insulating Oil at Combined AC and DC Voltage

You-Yuan Wang,Yuan-Long Li,Chao Wei,Jing Zhang,Xi Li 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

Converter transformer is the key equipment of high voltage direct current transmission system. The solid suspending particles originating from the process of installation and operation of converter transformer have significant influence on the insulation performance of transformer oil, especially in presence of DC component in applied voltage. Under high electric field, the particles easily lead to partial discharge and breakdown of insulating oil. This paper investigated copper particle effect on the breakdown voltage of transformer oil at combined AC and DC voltage. A simulation model with single copper particle was established to interpret the particle effect on the breakdown strength of insulating oil. The experimental and simulation results showed that the particles distort the electric field. The breakdown voltage of insulating oil contaminated with copper particle decreases with the increase of particle number, and the breakdown voltage and the logarithm of particle number approximately satisfy the linear relationship. With the increase of the DC component in applied voltage, the breakdown voltage of contaminated insulating oil decreases. The simulation results show that the particle collides with the electrode more frequently with more DC component contained in the applied voltage, which will trigger more discharge and decrease the breakdown voltage of insulating oil.

Application of Brodmann’s Area Maps for Cortical Localization of Tactile Perception Evoked by Fabric Touch

Qicai Wang,Yuan Tao,Jie Yuan,Zhaohui Jiang,Zuowei Ding,Zhongwei Zhang,Zhao Jia,Jing Wang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.4

Different sensations are generated when we touch textiles with different performance. The mechanical propertiesrelated to fabric touch have been studied for a long time, the relationship between which and the subjective feelings is wellunderstood. However, the cognitive mechanism of our brain on the tactile perception evoked by fabric touch were rarelystudied. The relationship between mechanical properties of fabrics and the brain response in different areas is the vacancy ofthe study but urgent problem. In our previous study, the advanced technology of fMRI was proved to be an effective tool fordetecting brain response evoked by tactile stimulation of fabric touch with high spatial resolution. Now in this study, furtherfMRI experiments were conducted to observe brain response when participants touched different fabrics using their fingers ina specified way, and the most widely recognized functional atlas, Brodmann’s area maps, were applied to locate the corticalactivations in functional areas. Activations in the participants’s brain in different Brodmann areas was compared with themechanical preperties of the fabric samples tested by the instruments of KES-FB. The results showed that activationinformation in the participants’ brain can distinguish the fabric samples very well. Activations in several Brodmann areas areclosely connected with different tactile preperties of the fabrics. Therefore, Brodmann’s area maps were proved to be a usefulfunctional atlas for cortical localization of tactile perception evoked by fabric touch.

Clinical Study of Thalidomide Combined with Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Chen, Hai-Fei,Li, Zheng-Yang,Tang, Jie-Qing,Shen, Hong-Shi,Cui, Qing-Ya,Ren, Yong-Ya,Qin, Long-Mei,Jin, Ling-Juan,Zhu, Jing-Jing,Wang, Jing,Ding, Jie,Wang, Ke-Yuan,Yu, Zi-Qiang,Wang, Zhao-Yue,Wu, Tian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the efficacy and safety of different doses of thalidomide (Thal) plus dexamethasone (Dex) as the initial therapy in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: Clinical data of 28 elderly patients with newly diagnosed MM who underwent the TD regimen as the initial therapy were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the maximal sustained dose of Thal: lower dose (group A) and higher dose (group B). The overall response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AES) were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 28 patients were followed up with a median of 18 months. The ORR was 60.1%. The median response time and PFS were 2.0 and 17.0 months, respectively. The mean sustained dose of Thal in group B was significantly higher than group A (292.9 mg v 180.4 mg, P=0.01). There was no significantly difference in ORR (57.1% v 64.3%, P=1.00) and PFS (9.63months v 17.66 months, P=0.73) between groups A and B. During the follow up, only five patients died (<40%) and, therefore, median OS values were not available. It is estimated, however, that the mean survival time in the two groups was 35.6 and 33.4 months (P>0.05), respectively. All of the patients tolerated the treatment well. The incidence of AES in patients with a grading above 3 in group B was significantly higher than in group A (P=0.033). Conclusions: The TD regimen results in a high response rate and manageable AES as the initial therapy in elderly patients with MM. TD should be considered as the front line regimen for the treatment of elderly patients with MM in areas with financial constraints. The clinical response can be achieved at a low dose Thal with minimal toxicity.

A Clinical Database of Breast Cancer Patients Reveals Distinctive Clinico-pathological Characteristics: a Study From Central China

Wang, Lin-Wei,Yang, Gui-Fang,Chen, Jia-Mei,Yang, Fang,Yuan, Jing-Ping,Sun, Sheng-Rong,Chen, Chuang,Hu, Ming-Bai,Li, Yan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in females worldwide. Many differences exist in clinico-pathological characteristics of breast cancer patients between China and Western countries. This study aimed to analyze clinico-pathological characteristics of breast cancer from central China. Methods: Clinico-pathological information on breast cancer from three hospitals in central China was collected and analyzed. Results: From 1994 to 2012, 2,525 patients with a median age 50 years were included in this study. The 45-49-year age group and invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified accounted for the highest proportions (19.1%, 480/2,525 and 81.0%, 1,982/2,446). Stages 0-I, II and III accounted for 28.0% (682/2,441), 48.4% (1,180/2,441), and 23.7% (578/2,441), respectively. Distribution of N stage showed that N0 accounted for 53.2% (1,344/2,525), and proportion of N0 rose from 51.1% (157/307) in 30-39-year age group to 64.3% (110/171) in ${\geq}$ 70-year age group, with an average increase of 2.1% in each age group. Modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery and simple mastectomy were performed for 71.8% (1,812/2,525), 18.0% (454/2,525), 5.2% (131/2,525) and 2.6% (66/2,525), respectively. Proportions of breast-conserving surgery in age ${\leq}$ 44-year group (68/132, 51.5%) and simple mastectomy in age ${\geq}$ 60-year group (57/89, 64.0%) were higher than in the other age groups. Breast cancers positive for estrogen receptor accounted for 53.0% (1,107/ 2,112). The comparisons among this study and other reports showed higher proportion of younger patients, lower proportion of breast-conserving surgery and positive estrogen receptor patients in China than western countries. Conclusions: Clinico-pathological characteristics in this study demonstrated clear differences between the center of China than Western countries. Additional classification systems should be developed to guide grading of early breast cancer more accurately, especially for N0 patients. Invasive ductal carcinoma is a focus for intensive research.