三槐齋와 周邊 立石에 關한 硏究

安啓福 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1995 연구논문집 Vol.51 No.1

Sam-Gye-Je('Sam' means as three, 'Gye' as chinese scholar tree, and 'Je' as a house for a sacrificial rite), located in Tae-Chung-Dong, Kyungsan City, Kyungbuk, is a traditional landscape element that contains features of Je and menhir together. The object of this study is to identify a background of constriction and to analyze meanings and charateristics of the structure. To achieve these objectives, this study has conducted a literature review, an analysis of Gimun(a description of history, landscape or meaning about Je) and photograph, and a level survey. Conclusions derived from these analyses are as follows : 1. About 250 years ago, Chung-Tae-Woon who lived in Taegu, came to the Chung-Dong. He built Sam-Gye-Je where three chinese scholar trees(Sophora japonica L.) stood, followed by Jung-Lya-Goak(a monumental house of dutiful son) in 1855. It is postulated that there were three menhirs when the Sam-Gye-Je was built. 2. It is postulated that the menhir Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ were built in Silla Dynasty or before, but it is difficult to conclude that they were built at the same time. It is because that some variations are found in the shape, the weathering state, and kind of the rock. 3. It is postulated that the Menhir Ⅱ and Ⅳ were built in 1855, it is believed that the statues were built to inherit the ancestors' high aim and life(loyalty and filial piety) to their decedants. 4. It is hard to conclude that incisions on the menhir were concurrent. However, contents of the incisions have a strong connection with the meaning of the Je, particularly in the V-menhir. Also menhir Ⅰ and Ⅴ reflected a meaning of elegance, considering the surrounding landform. 5. It is very unique to build the menhir at the Je. Furthermore, it is very interesting to arrange 5 menhirs in one line, even though they were not built at the same time. 6. The origin of the menhir and other details that is not disclosed in this study should be followed by a further research.

邑誌圖 分析을 통한 韓國 傳統의 Waterfront 景觀 特性에 관한 硏究

安啓福 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1998 연구논문집 Vol.57 No.2

1871년부터 1899년 사이에 각 郡縣에서 그린 邑誌圖와 보조 분석자료로써 民畵와 산수화를 대상으로 총 40개소의 郡縣에 나타난 74가지의 특성을 분석한 결과, 한국 전통의 waterfront 경관의 특징은 다음과 같은 것으로 나타났다. 1) 절벽형은 주로 동해안을 따라 발달 했는데, 해안에 절벽이 발달한 곳을 중요시하여 이곳에 臺나 정자를 두는 경우가 많았다. 臺인 경우 臺 위에 건물이 있는 경우가 20% 밖에 되지 않아 많은 경우 건물을 짓지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 절벽 가운데에도 수직적 절리가 발달한 경관을 중요시 하였다. 2) U字型은 전통 Waterfront 경관 가운데 가장 출현빈도가 높은 유형이다. 이 유형은 「灣+建物」,「島+灣+建物」, 그리고 「海門+灣+城郭+船所」의 세가지 세부 유형이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 3) 立岩型은 출현빈도(9.5%)가 높지는 않았지만 해안에 특이한 형태로 서 있는 바위를 중요시 여기고 생긴 모습에 따라 적당한 이름을 붙였다. 4) 돌출형(거점형)은 전 경관을 한 눈에 볼 수 있는 장소를 귀하게 여겨 臺나 亭子를 둔 것으로 나타났다. 특히 절벽형과 돌출형인 경우 강한 이미지를 형성한 것으로 보인다. 5) 凹凸型 육지가 직선 형태로 바다속으로 밀고들어 가거나 혹은 그 반대인 경우로 보이도록 조성한 Waterfront 경관이 있었다. 7) 경관 인식은 도로 보다는 하천이, 모래사장보다는 절벽을 더 중요하게 인식하는 것으로 나타낫다. 6) 해안선은 자연 상태로 되어있는 경우와 석축을 쌓은 경우, 요철형으로 만든 경우가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 7) Waterfront 경관의 중요 구성 요소를 보면 수직적 절리가 발달한 절벽, 특이한 형태의 島, 특이한 형태의 立岩, 동굴, 海門, 해변가의 솔밭, 솔밭 사이로 난 길, 臺, 亭子, 海倉, 船所, U字形 의 灣, 그리고 바닷가에 흩어져 있는 바위군 등인 것으로 나타났다. Analysing many images that were contained in the 19C county-wide maps of Chosun Dynasty, this study has sought characteristics of traditional waterfront landscape of Korea. Five types of the traditional waterfront landscape of Korea has turned out. 1) Cliff type : Cliff type, one of many traditional waterfront landscape, would found mainly in Eastern coast in korea, prominently in Kwang-Won Province. Examining the images of maps, many cliffs are presented by fragmented rocks with layers that developed in vertical. People built a pavillion or used cliff rocks themselves as 'Dae' to view and rest. 2) U-shaped type : U-shaped types are found in all part of the Korean Sea: East, West, and South. There are 3 detailed different U-shaped types. ① Bay+Building : This type is found in 'Kang-Nung'. The maps showed that each pavillion was placed at an end of inner bay in a ginger shaped multi-bay. A well developed sand-dung posed a sea-gate, but it wasn't recorded as a sea-gate. ② Island+Bay+Building : This type has drawn with most detailed and with technique 'San-Su' painting. It is believed that the U-shape shoreline has built with rocks, and is characterized that there are docking places or piers in a straight and curve shoreline. ③ Sea-gate+Bay+Wall+Docking place : A navy fort in Choong-Chung province built a fortress, utilizing crests of shoreline, and placed 4 gates. Characteristics of this waterfrong landscape are that there are sea-gates, and docking places(ㄱ shape), using U-shaped natural rocks. 3) Elevated rocks type : An image map of 'Seo-Gyee Po' in Jae-Ju province shows 'Ye-Dol' elevated rocks, called 'a general stone', with a peculiar form. 4) Cape type: Cape was considered as an important waterfront place, and placed a pavillion, 'Dae' etc. People placed a pavillion or 'Dae' on a cliff, a point, or a land protrude into water. This is a good place to obtain a panoramic view or a variety of view. 5) Geometric shaped type: This type can be much seen in trade prots or navy bases. It is a type of reshaping water-shore into a rectangular dock to moor the ships.

喜·怒에 관한 韓日兩國의 擬聲語·擬態語의 意味論的 小考

李癸玉 배화여자대학 1986 培花論叢 Vol.5 No.-

聖堂 屋外空問 改善方案에 關한 硏究(Ⅲ) : 利用者 行態分析을 통한 改善案 based upon behavioral analysis of user

安啓福 효성여자대학교 산업미술연구소 1987 산업미술 Vol.2 No.-

This study is intended to found the improvements of the chapital outdoorspace based upon behavior analysis. The result of improvement strategies are summerized at <table-1>.

공공기관의 가족친화경영 활성화방안

유계숙,최효진 한국가족관계학회 2009 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.13 No.4

The purpose of this study is to develop strategies to improve family-friendly policies of organizations in public sectors. Using both of survey and interview methods, it also examines the obstacle and improvement factors of implementing family-friendly policies. The survey data were collected from HR managers of 612 organizations, and 25 HR managers and 20 employees of 50 organizations m public sectors were interviewed. The major findings of this study are as follows: The rates of employees' utilization of family-friendly policies in public sectors were higher than those in private sectors. Employees' utilization of programs had significant influences on financial and work performances. The interview results from HR managers and employees of public sector organizations showed that perfunctory implementation of programs, lack of understanding of policies, unfriendly organization culture to employee's family life, and lack of tangible performances were the main obstacles to implementing family-friendly policies. Finally, the business and policy implications of these findings are discussed.

대학 기숙사생의 생활태도와 의식구조에 관한 실태분석

김계웅,김명희,최병익 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1999 産業開發硏究 Vol.7 No.-

본 실태조사는 1999학년도 기숙사 입사생들의 생활태도와 의식구조를 파악하여 학생들을 이해하고, 효율적인 상담활동과 합리적인 교육 및 운영계획에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 남학생 147명과 여학생 89명, 총 236명(신입생 107명, 재학생 129명)을 조사대상으로 학년별, 성별 및 출신지역별로 구분하여 기숙사 입사동기, 기숙사 선택이유, 선후배간 학습에 대한 도움, 졸업 후 희망직업, 이성교제 여부, 교제시 상호간의 견해, 결혼 희망 시기, 기숙사 내의 희망 문화시설, 급식의 만족도, 그리고 기숙사 생활의 만족도를 분석하여 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 기숙사 입사동기에 대하여 분석한 결과는 본인희망(72.88%)에 따른 것이 가장 많았고, 그 다음 순으로는 부모의 권고(22.88%)에 따라 입사하게 되었다. 학년별, 성별 및 출신지역간에 분석한 결과에서는 각각 통계적으로 유의차가 없었다.(P>0.05). 2. 기숙사 선택이유에 대한 분석결과는 생활비도 적게 들고 환경도 좋기 때문(45.34%)이라고 한 학생이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음순은 생활비가 적게 들기 때문(38.56%)에 기숙사를 선택하게 된 이유를 들었다. 이를 학년별로 분석한 결과는 통계적으로 고도의 유의차(P˂0.01)가 인정되었으나, 성별 및 지역별로 분석한 결과는 통계적 유의차가 없었다.(P>0.05). 3. 선후배간의 학습에 대한 도움에 대하여 분석한 전체 결과는 선후배간 도움이 된다고(49.58%) 응답한 학생이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음 순으로 보통(35.59%)이라고 하였다. 이를 학년별 및 지역별 간에 분석한 결과는 각각 통계적 유의차가 없었으나 (P>0.05), 성별로 분석한 결과는 통계적 유의차가 있었다.(P˂0.05) 4. 졸업 후 희망직업에 대한 물음에서는 공무원(32.63%)이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로는 기타 직종(26.69%)을 희망하였다. 이를 학년별 및 지역별로 구분하여 분석한 결과는 각각 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나(P>0.05), 성별간에는 통계적 유의차(P˂0.05)가 인정되었다. 5. 이성교제 여부에 대한 분석결과는 교제하고 있다(39.41%)라고 응답한 학생이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음 순으로는 교제하고 있지 않다(36.01%)고 한 경우도 비교적 많았다. 학년별 및 성별간에 분석한 결과는 각각 고도의 유의차(P˂0.01)가 있었으나, 지역별로 분석한 결과는 통계적 유의차가 없었다.(P>0.05) 6. 교제시 상호간의 견해에 대하여 분석한 결과는 친구로서 교제 후 결혼 고려(50.54%)가 가장 많았으며, 그 다음 순으로는 친구로만 교제(26.88)로 응답하였다.이를 학년별 및 성별로 분석한 결과는 각각 통계적 유의차(P˂0.05)가 있었으나, 지역별로 분석한 결과는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05) 7. 결혼 희망시기에 대하여 분석한 결과는 27-30세전(51.27%)이라고 한 학생이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로는 25-27세전(22.88%)에 결혼을 희망하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 학년별 및 지역별간에는 각각 통계적 유의차가 없었으나(P>0.05),성별간에 분석결과는 유의한 차이(P˂0.05)가 있었다. 8. 기숙사내 희망문화시설에 대하여 분석한 결과는 컴퓨터와 인터넷(81.35%)이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로는 체육시설 보강(7.63%)을 희망하였다. 학년별 및 지역별로 분석한 결과는 통계적 유의차가 없었으나(P>0.05), 성별간에는 통계적 유의한 차이가(P˂0.05)가 있었다. 9. 기숙사 급식의 만족도에 대하여 분석한 결과는 보통이상(55.08%)이라고 응답한 학생이 과반수 이상 되었으나, 불만족한편(44.92%)도 비교적 많이 차지하였다. 학년별 및 성별간에 분석한 결과는 통계적 유의차가 인정되었으나(P˂0.05),지역별로는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 10. 기숙사 생활의 만족도에 대한 분석결과는 만족한편(44.49%)이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음 순으로는 보통(35.59%)이라고 응답하였다. 학년별 및 지역별간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나(P>0.05),성별로 분석한 결과는 통계적 유의차(P˂0.05)가 있었다.

서비스업에서의 임파워먼트가 서비스 품질성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김계수 한국품질경영학회 2000 품질혁신 Vol.1 No.1

In some ways service companies have more to gain from empowerment than manufacturing organizations. For most, the only way to create a competitive edge is through their people and the quality of service can provide. Meaning of the Empowerment is a leader's sharing of influence and control with followers. In fact, Service organizations have both more to gain and more to lose from empowerment than manufacturing organizations. Empowerment in service organizations has certainly generated more publicity than on the factory floor. Service workers encounter customer in real time or moment of truth. Many Company have introduced empowerment as part of their corporatewide efforts in implementing total quality management. Questionnaire was developed, and data was collected and analyzed for this study. Conclusively, Leadership, Customer's Involvement are the important drivers among empowerment degree. Empowerment is significantly related to employee's satisfaction, Job satisfaction, and Improvement. Job satisfaction is significantly influence on customer satisfaction in service sector.

자동면역분석기 Architect의 유용성 평가

권계철 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

The newly developed immunoassay analyzer, Architect(Abbott, USA) has been chosen as a method of tumor and viral markers because it is easily applicable to TLA(total laboratory automation)system. Laboratory tests can be performed at TLA system in some large hospitals for rapid, accurate results and decreased labor. The linearity, accuracy, precision and correlation study with conventional EIA method was performed to evaluate the usefulness of Architect immunoanalyzer concerning HCV test. The results were as follows : 1. Within run coefficient of variation(CV) at 20 runs with control serum of HCV was 2.07%, 2. Between run CV at 20 days with control serum of HCV was 3.73%. 3. The percentage of variation in HCV was 2.86% to evaluate accuracy with the control serum measured 20 times. 4. The linearity of HCV was evaluated with the control serum diluted 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 0:100. The regression equation of those were Y=0.361X-0.190(R=0.995). 5. The correlation of the HCV with conventional EIA was Y=0.867X-0.102(R=0.948). The architect immunoanalyzer was adequate to perform viral marker tests in TLA system because of its high precision, good accuracy, linearity and high correlation with conventional EIA.

실업고등학교와의 교육과정 연계운영이 전문대 입시경쟁력에 미칠 영향에 관한 연구

崔桂浩,徐東薰 대구산업정보대학 1998 논문집 Vol.12 No.1

Educational courses at a vocational high school in connection with a junior college, effective on February 9, 1996 under the second educational reform bill, has been analysed to have great influence on junior college entrance examination competition. 1. This is shown from the analysis of target school's educational progress in connection with junior college courses and investigation into its current situation. According to the results, 4 model junior colleges and 79 curriculums at 13 self-regulated junior colleges expressed to take part in it. And 77 curriculums at 52 vocational high schools also built up a closer connection with it. The number of students, whom junior college will admit through a preferential selection test, amount to 2227. 2. According to a poll investigation, only 29.6% of vocational high school students answered they went there because of academic records. Among them, no more than 46.6% talked of school satisfaction. As for the educational courses linked with a junior college, 85.6% replyed they felt it is necessary. Only 4.5% felt it unnecessary. 95.5% of school personnel, who are working with a vocational high school or a junior college put emphasis on its necessity. 80.2% of them also answered that educational courses linking a vocational high school with a junior college would exert a great influence on a vocational high school. In conclusion, the educational at a vocational high school in connection with a junior college will exercise great influence on junior college entrance examiantion competition.

조선후기 睿製의 繕寫와 보존

조계영 명지대학교 인문과학연구소 2007 인문과학연구논총 Vol.28 No.-

본 논문은 孝明世子의 예제를 대상으로 조선후기에 睿製를 繕寫하였던 과정을 분석하고, 정황과 進上 및 奉安을 통하여 예제가 보존되었던 과정을 고찰하였다. 한국학중앙연구원에 현전하는 『敬軒集』(藏K4-420, 藏K4-421)은 1833년 선사 이후에 권9에서 권12를 추가로 선사한 효명세자의 예제이다. 효명세자의 예제는 선사한 후 견직물로 장황하여 大內·奎章閣·春坊에 봉인함으로써 보존되었다. 『睿製繕寫謄錄』(藏K2-3657)은 1832년과 1833년에 효명세자의 예제를 선사한 과정을 기록한 자료이다. 이 등록에는 예제의 誤字를 교정한 내용과 예제를 보존과 美觀을 위해 견직물로 장황하고 冊匣을 만들어 보관하였던 사실 등 다양한 정보들이 수록되어 있다. 본 논문은 『예제선사등록』을 분석하여 예제가 御製에 준하는 선사와 보존을 행하였음을 조명하였다는 데에 의의가 있다. This paper analyzed the process of complications of the writings of crown princes in the Late Joseon by the writings of crown princes Hyomyeong(孝明) and examined the preservation procedures such as bookbinding, presenting and enshrinement. 『Gyoengheonjip(敬軒集)』(藏K4-420, 藏K4-421), currently possessed in the Academy of Korean Studies, is the writings of crown princes Hyomyeong which was increased from 9 volumes 세 12 volumes by the additional compilation in 1833. The writings of crown princes Hyomyeong was bound with silk fabrics and enshrined in Daenai(大內), Gyujanggak(奎章閣) and Chunbang(春坊) for reservation. 『Yejeseonsadeungrok(睿製繕寫謄錄)』(藏K2-3657) is a material that recorded the processes of compilations of the writings of crown princes Hyomyeong(孝明) in 1832 and 1833. This record contains various information such as proofreading of wrong words, bookbinding with silk fabrics for preservation and good appearance, and making a bookcase for keeping. This paper can be meaningful in that it cleared up, through analyzing 『Yejeseonsadeungrok』, the compilations and preservation procedures for the writings of crown princes were equivalent to those for the writings of kings.