Effect of irradiation on the parameters that influence quality characteristics of raw beef round eye

Feng, Xi,Jo, Cheorun,Nam, Ki Chang,Ahn, Dong U. Elsevier 2018 Innovative food science & emerging technologies Vol.45 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationships among lipid/protein oxidation, color changes, off-taste and off-odor in irradiated raw beef round eye. Raw beef round eye was prepared and irradiated at 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5kGy using a linear accelerator. Significant increases in lipid oxidation and protein oxidation were found in irradiated raw beef round eye, while significant decreases were observed in the color values (L*-, a*-, and b*-value). The degradation of nucleotides can contribute to the taste changes (increase in sourness and decrease in umami taste) in the irradiated raw beef round eye, which was further confirmed by the electronic tongue data. The sulfur volatiles (e.g.: dimethyl disulfide) from the sulfur-containing amino acids increased significantly after irradiation, indicating these are closely related to the off-odor of irradiated beef round eye.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Lipid/protein oxidation was accelerated in raw beef round eye by irradiation. </LI> <LI> After irradiation, color values (L*-, a*-, and b*-value) in raw beef round eye decreased. </LI> <LI> The nucleotides degradation by irradiation can contribute to the taste changes. </LI> <LI> Irradiation off-odor was correlated to dimethyl disulfide and 2-butanone productions. </LI> </UL> </P>

Dominance of climate warming effects on recent drying trends over wet monsoon regions

Park, Chang-Eui,Jeong, Su-Jong,Ho, Chang-Hoi,Park, Hoonyoung,Piao, Shilong,Kim, Jinwon,Feng, Song Copernicus GmbH 2017 Atmospheric chemistry and physics Vol.17 No.17

<P>Abstract. Understanding changes in background dryness over land is key information for adapting to climate change because of its critical socioeconomic consequences. However, causes of continental dryness changes remain uncertain because various climate parameters control dryness. Here, we verify dominant climate variables determining dryness trends over continental eastern Asia, which is characterized by diverse hydroclimate regimes ranging from arid to humid, by quantifying the relative effects of changes in precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, surface air temperature, and relative humidity on trends in the aridity index based on observed data from 189 weather stations for the period of 1961-2010. Before the early 1980s (1961-1983), change in precipitation is a primary condition for determining aridity trends. In the later period (1984-2010), the dominant climate parameter for aridity trends varies according to the hydroclimate regime. Drying trends in arid regions are mostly explained by reduced precipitation. In contrast, the increase in potential evapotranspiration due to increased atmospheric water-holding capacity, a secondary impact of warming, works to increase aridity over the humid monsoon region despite an enhanced water supply and relatively less warming. Our results show significant drying effects of warming over the humid monsoon region in recent decades; this also supports the drying trends over warm and water-sufficient regions in future climate. </P>

A Fractional Fourier Transform-Based Approach for Gas-Insulated Switchgear Partial Discharge Recognition

Feng-Chang Gu,Feng-Chang Gu,Bo-Yan Chen 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.5

Partial discharge (PD) is very likely to deteriorate the insulating materials in power facilities. For this sake, PD detection and pattern recognition are treated as an effective approach to diagnosing the high-voltage insulation of power systems. A novel PD feature extraction approach for defect pattern recognition of a gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is developed and then presented in this paper, using fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). A PD detector is utilized to measure the PD signal of the GIS using an ultra high frequency sensor, which is first transformed to its FrFT as the order ranges from 0 to 1. A 3D characteristic spectrum is then constructed, according to which the fractal parameters are extracted as the constituents of the cluster domains of defect types. Extension matter-element models of the PD defect types are then established according to the experimentally derived PD features. Subsequently, the PD defect type can be directly identified using the correlation degree between a tested pattern and the matter-element models. The pattern recognition performance is investigated on 80 sets of PD patterns, and the performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated accordingly. High accuracy, accompanied with high tolerance, was reached in the presence of noise interference using FrFT.

The influence of hand grip strength on surgical outcomes after surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a preliminary result

Shen, Feng,Kim, Ho-Joong,Lee, Na-Kyoung,Chun, Heoung-Jae,Chang, Bong-Soon,Lee, Choon-Ki,Yeom, Jin S. Elsevier 2018 SPINE JOURNAL Vol.18 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background Context</B></P> <P>Although a number of prognostic factors have been demonstrated to be associated with surgical outcome of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS), no study has investigated the relation between hand grip strength (HGS) and treatment outcome of DLSS.</P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of HGS on surgical outcomes after surgery for patients with DLSS.</P> <P><B>Study Design</B></P> <P>This is an observational study.</P> <P><B>Patient Sample</B></P> <P>Patients who underwent spine surgery for DLSS were included in the study.</P> <P><B>Outcome Measures</B></P> <P>Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EuroQOL (EQ-5D), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for back or leg pain were assessed.</P> <P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 172 consecutive patients who underwent spine surgery for DLSS were included in the present study. Patients were assigned to either high HGS group (≥26 kg for men and ≥18 kg for women, n=124) or low HGS group (<26 kg for men and <18 kg for women, n=48) based on their preoperative HGS performance. Oswestry Disability Index, EQ-5D, and VAS scores for back and leg pain were assessed and compared between two groups preoperatively, 3 and 6 months after surgery. The primary outcome measure was baseline-adjusted ODI scores 6 months after surgery. The secondary outcome measures, including the overall ODI score, EQ-5D score, VAS score for back and leg pain, were assessed at each time point during the 6-month follow-up period.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>As primary outcome, baseline-adjusted ODI scores were significantly lower in the high HGS group than in the low HGS group 6 months after surgery. In the secondary outcome measurements, the ODI, EQ-5D, and VAS scores for back and leg pain improved significantly with time after surgery in both groups. The effects of HGS group on the overall changes in the ODI and EQ-5D scores during the 6-month period were significantly different between the two groups; however, they were not significantly different on VAS score for back and leg pain. The pattern of change in the ODI during the follow-up period was significantly different between the two groups.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Patients with preoperative high HGS display better surgical outcome in terms of disability and health status 6 months after spine surgery. Preoperative HGS can act as a predictor of surgical outcome in patients with DLSS.</P>

Monitoring changes in the genetic structure of Brown Tsaiya duck selected for feeding efficiency by microsatellite markers

Yi-Ying Chang,Hsiu-Chou Liu,Chih-Feng Chen Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.3

Objective: Few studies have genetically monitored chickens over time, and no research has been conducted on ducks. To ensure the sustainable management of key duck breeds, we used microsatellite markers to monitor Brown Tsaiya ducks over time genetically. Methods: The second, fourth, sixth to eighth generations of the Brown Tsaiya duck selected for feeding efficiency and control lines were included in this study to investigate the genetic variations, effective population size, population structure and the differentiation between populations over time with 11 microsatellite markers derived from Brown Tsaiya duck. Results: The results showed there were a slight decrease in the genetic variations and an increase in within-population inbreeding coefficient (F_IS) in both lines, but no consistent increase in F_IS was observed in each line. The effective population size in the second and eighth generations was 27.2 for the selected line and 23.9 for the control line. The change in allele richness showed a downward trend over time, and the selected line was slightly lower than the control line in each generation. The number of private alleles (N_p) in the selected line were higher than in the control line. Moderate differentiation was observed between the second and eighth generations in the selected line (F_ST = 0.0510) and the control line (F_ST = 0.0606). Overall, differentiation tended to increase with each generation, but genetic variation and structure did not change considerably after six generations in the two lines. Conclusion: This study provides a reference for poultry conservation and helps to implement cross-generation genetic monitoring and breeding plans in other duck breeds or lines to promote sustainable management.

A TQM case of Centralized Sequential Decision-making Problem

Chang, Cheng-Chang,Chu, Yun-Feng 한국품질경영학회 2003 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.4 No.1

This paper considers that a public department under specialized TQM manpower constraints have to implement multiple total quality management (TQM) policies to promote its service performance (fundamental goal) by adopting a centralized sequential advancement strategy (CSAS). Under CSAS, the decision-makers (DMs) start off by focusing specialized TQM manpower on a single policy, then transfer the specialized TQM manpower to the next policy when the first policy reaches the predetermined implementation time limit (in terms of education and training). Suppose that each TQM policy has a different desirous education and training goal. When the desirous goals for all TQM policies are achieved, we say that the fundamental goal will be satisfied. Within the limitation of total implementation period of time for all policies, assume the desirous goals for all TQM policies cannot be achieved completely. Under this premise, the optimal implementation sequence for all TQM policies must be calculated to maximize the weighted achievement of the desirous goal. We call this optimization problem a TQM case of “centralized sequential decision-making problem(CSDMP)”. The achievement of the desirous goal for each TQM policy is usually affected by the experience in prior implemented policies, which makes solving CSDMP quite difficult. As a result, this paper introduces the concepts of sequential effectiveness and path effectiveness. The structural properties are then studied to propose theoretical methods for solving CSDMP. Finally, a numerical example is proposed to demonstrate CSDMP’s usability.

POTENTIAL IMPACT OF VEGETATION FEEDBACK ON ALLEVIATTION OF CLIMATE ARIDITY OVER THE UNITED STATES IN A 2*CO2 CLIMATE CONDITION

Chang-Eui Park,Chang-Hoi Ho,Su-Jong Jeong,Jinwon Kim,Feng Song 한국기상학회 2011 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.10-2

Alloy and Core-Shell Nanoclusters Formed by Sequential Ion Implantation and Thermal Annealing

Feng Ren,Chang-Zhong Jiang,Chang Liu,Jian-Bo Wang,Yin Shi 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1

Ag-Cu alloy nanoclusters have been formed by sequential ion implantation. As the as-implanted sample is annealed in a reducing atmosphere, the optical absorption spectrum displays a new shoul- der peak. Transmission electron microscopy bright-¯eld image, selected area electron diraction pattern and high-angle annular dark ¯eld scanning transmission electron microscopy image analy-ses show that core-shell nanoclusters have been fabricated. The evolution of core-shell nanoclusters at elevated temperature was also studied.

Evaluating observed and projected future climate changes for the Arctic using the Köppen-Trewartha climate classification

Feng, Song,Ho, Chang-Hoi,Hu, Qi,Oglesby, Robert J.,Jeong, Su-Jong,Kim, Baek-Min Springer-Verlag 2012 Climate dynamics Vol. No.

A Theory Thermal Growth Control Techniques of High Speed Spindles

Chang,Ching-Feng,Ling,Chao-Shui,Chao, Ching-Yi,Chen, Jin-Jia,Chen,Tsair-Rong 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

A motorized high speed spindle has very complicated dynamics consisting of non-stationary and speed-related thermal characteristics. Many studies have been reported with different designs to control or monitor spindle’s thermal growth with limited results, whereas the application of High Speed Machining (HSM) demands “zero tolerance”no matter the range of speed or material to be machined. This paper proposes a direct displacement measuring system, which is a considerable improvement as compared with many taking inaccurate readings through a traditional thermo coupler, to accurately monitor and compensate the thermal growth associated with motorized high speed spindles. This direct displacement measuring system optimizing a high speed synchronous feedback system will meet the tolerance and performance expected in HSM applications. Based on the introduction of Foucault current, a design for an accurate thermal growth is outlined.