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Impact of urban warming on earlier spring flowering in Korea
Jeong, Jee‐,Hoon,Ho, Chang‐,Hoi,Linderholm, Hans W.,Jeong, Su‐,Jong,Chen, Deliang,Choi, Yong‐,Sang John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2011 International journal of climatology Vol.31 No.10
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Using long‐term (1954–2004) observations of four selected species in South Korea: goldenbell (<I>Forsythia koreana</I>), azalea (<I>Rhododendron mucronulatum</I>), cherry (<I>Prunus yedoensis</I>), and peach (<I>Prunus persica</I>), the impact of urban warming on spring flowering was investigated. Trends of early spring temperatures and first‐flowering dates (FFDs) of the four plants were cross‐compared among nine differently urbanized cities. It was clearly observed that urban warming has led to an advance in the timing of first‐flowering of several days to weeks during recent decades, while the intrinsic physiology of plants to sense thermal energy has not been changed. The degree of advancement of the FFD was observed to be roughly proportional to degree of urbanization. Moreover, the sensitivity of the FFD to urban warming was estimated to be higher for the shrub species (−9.07 and −6.64 days °C<SUP>−1</SUP> for goldenbell and azalea, respectively) than the tree species (−2.46 and −2.90 days °C<SUP>−1</SUP> for peach and cherry, respectively). Our results suggest that the impact of urban warming should be considered as an influential factor which drives changes in the regional natural environment, especially in regions of rapid urbanization. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society</P>
Choi, Woosuk,Ho, Chang‐,Hoi,Kim, Maeng‐,Ki,Kim, Jinwon,Yoo, Hee‐,Dong,Jhun, Jong‐,Ghap,Jeong, Jee‐,Hoon John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2018 International journal of climatology Vol.38 No.11
<P>A number of studies on the surface warming in the Korean Peninsula reported that there has been a notable increasing trend of surface air temperatures over the past several decades. Here, by analysing long‐term surface air temperature data at 12 stations in South Korea that have records longer than 60 years, the authors show that the warming of spring and autumn temperatures is characterized by quasi‐linear increases with time whereas the warming in winter and summer is characterized by one or two abrupt jumps. Change‐point analysis of the seasonal‐mean temperature time series shows that abrupt jumps in winter temperatures occurred in the late 1940s and late 1980s, while the jump in summer temperatures occurred in 1994 at most stations. The shape of the frequency distribution of the daily‐mean temperature anomalies at all stations shifts to the warmer side after the jumps for both winter and summer. This shift in turn results in the decrease of cold extremes in winter and the increase of warm extremes in summer at all stations. Our results indicate that recent temperature records in South Korea are characterized by the two different types of warming according to seasons.</P>
Future ozone and oxidants change under the RCP scenarios
Kim, Minjoong J.,Park, Rokjin J.,Ho, Chang-Hoi,Woo, Jung-Hun,Choi, Ki-Chul,Song, Chang-Keun,Lee, Jae-Bum Elsevier 2015 Atmospheric environment Vol.101 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We investigate ozone air quality changes in 2050 caused by global changes in climate and anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors by using a global chemical transport model driven by meteorological fields from a general circulation model. We use projected emissions based on the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios and conduct model simulations to quantify the effects of climate and emission changes on future air quality, focusing on ozone in surface air. Our model results show that annual mean concentrations of surface ozone will be lower in 2050 relative to 2000 by −3.3, −3.7, and −4.2 ppbv under RCP6.0, RCP4.5, and RCP2.6, respectively. In contrast, the RCP8.5 projection results in a slight increase of 2.1 ppbv caused by a methane increase. The ozone reductions are driven primarily by decreases in NO<SUB>x</SUB> emission, which dominate the climate penalty on ozone driven by temperature increases. We also estimate the effect of 21st century climate change on ozone air quality, assuming no changes in anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors in the future. We further use a statistical method to analyze the results in order to quantify the effect of each meteorological variable change on ozone concentration in summer. Temperature increase is found to result in ozone increases of up to 2.2 ppbv over land. Ozone over the oceans, however, is largely reduced with specific humidity increase, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, where the ozone concentration decreases by 0.8 ppbv. We find that future increases in natural NO<SUB>x</SUB> emissions from lightning and soil make an important contribution to the formation of nitric acid and might seriously offset future decreases in nitrogen deposition caused by anthropogenic NO<SUB>x</SUB> emission reduction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We developed a new linking tool between GEOS-Chem and CESM. </LI> <LI> We investigate ozone air quality changes in 2050 relative to 2000. </LI> <LI> Annual surface ozone changes in 2050 are −4.2–+2.1 ppbv under RCP scenarios. </LI> <LI> Natural NO<SUB>x</SUB> emissions might seriously affect future nitrogen deposition. </LI> </UL> </P>
박회진,황규선,박현애,이창희,박현호,송수철,전성하,Park, Hoi-Jin,Hwang, Kyu-Sun,Park, Hyun-Ae,Lee, Chang-Hee,Park, Hyun-Ho,Song, Soo-Cheol,Jeon, Seong-Ha 대한침구의학회 2008 대한침구의학회지 Vol.25 No.4
Objectives : This study was aimed at examining significant curative effects of Cupping therapy on Cerebral infarction patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods : The subjects in this study were fifty-two patients visited or admitted to Dong-seo Oriental Hospital who broke out with Cerebral infarction from March 2007 through February 2008, with high total cholesterol(240mg/$d\ell$ above) or high triglyceride(200mg/$d\ell$ above) or low density lipoprotein(160mg/$d\ell$ above) Before prescription, they were tested for total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein with fasting and were then rescribed the cupping therapy for 4 weeks(take an average ten times), after which they were retested for total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein. Results : 1. In the high total cholesterol group(triglyceride and low density lipoprotein are normal), statistical significance of total cholesterol changes was recognized before and after the treatment. 2. In the high triglyceride group(total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein are normal), statistical significance of triglyceride changes was recognized before and after the treatment. 3. In the high low density lipoprotein group(total cholesterol and triglyceride are normal), statistical significance of triglyceride changes was recognized before and after the treatment. 4. In the high total cholesterol and high triglyceride group(low density lipoprotein is normal), statistical significance of total cholesterol changes was recognized before and after the treatment. But, triglyceride changes was not that. 5. In the high total cholesterol and high low density lipoprotein group(triglyceride is normal), statistical significance of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein changes were recognized before and after the treatment. 6. In the high triglyceride and high low density lipoprotein group(total cholesterol is normal), statistical significance of triglyceride changes was recognized before and after the treatment. But, low density lipoprotein changes was not that. 7. In the high total cholesterol and high triglyceride and high low density lipoprotein group, statistical significance of total cholesterol changes and low density lipoprotein changes were recognized before and after the treatment. But, triglyceride changes was not that. Conclusions : Cupping therapy decreased total cholesterol in whole hyperlipidemia group including high total cholesterol.