Iron Cycles Link with Arsenic Availability in Rice for Food Safety from South China

Fang Bai Li,Chuan-Ping Liu,Min Hu 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Electromagnetic-Field Dependence of the Internal Excited State of the Polaron and the Qubit in Quantum Dot with Thickness

Xu-Fang Bai,Wei Xin,Hong-Wu Yin,Eerdunchaolu 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.70 No.11

The electromagnetic-field dependence of the ground and the first excited-state (GFES) energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the strong-coupling polaron in a quantum dot (QD) was studied for various QD thicknesses by using the variational method of the Pekar type (VMPT). On this basis, we construct a qubit in the quantum dot (QQD) by taking a two-level structure of the polaron as the carrier. The results of numerical calculations indicate that the oscillation period of the qubit, T0, increases with increasing the thickness of the quantum dot (TQD) L, but decreases with increasing the cyclotron frequency of the magnetic field (CFMF) !c, electric-field strength F, and electron-phonon coupling strength (EPCS) . The probability density of the qubit | (, z, t)|2 presents a normal distribution of the electronic transverse coordinate , significantly influenced by the TQD and effective radius of the quantum dot (ERQD) R0, and shows a periodic oscillation with variations in the electronic longitudinal coordinate z, polar angle and time t. The decoherence time and the quality factor Q of the free rotation increase with increasing the CFMF !c, dispersion coefficient , and EPCS , but decrease with increasing the electric-field strength F, TQD L, and ERQD R0. The TQD is an important parameter of the qubit. Theoretically, the target, which is to regulate the oscillation period, decoherence time and quality factor of the free rotation of the qubit, can be achieved by designing different TQDs and regulating the strength of the electromagnetic field.

Bacterial Microbiome Differences between the Roots of Diseased and Healthy Chinese Hickory (Carya cathayensis) Trees

Bai Xiao-Hui,Yao Qi,Li Genshan,Guan Guan-Xiu,Fan Yan,Cao Xiufeng,Ma Hong-Guang,Zhang Mei-Man,Fang Lishan,Hong Aijuan,Zhai Dacai 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.10

Carya cathayensis is an important economic nut tree that is endemic to eastern China. As such, outbreaks of root rot disease in C. cathayensis result in reduced yields and serious economic losses. Moreover, while soil bacterial communities play a crucial role in plant health and are associated with plant disease outbreaks, their diversity and composition in C. cathayensis are not clearly understood. In this study, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were found to be the most dominant bacterial communities (accounting for approximately 80.32% of the total) in the root tissue, rhizosphere soil, and bulk soil of healthy C. cathayensis specimens. Further analysis revealed the abundance of genera belonging to Proteobacteria, namely, Acidibacter, Bradyrhizobium, Paraburkholderia, Sphaerotilus, and Steroidobacter, was higher in the root tissues of healthy C. cathayensis specimens than in those of diseased and dead trees. In addition, the abundance of four genera belonging to Actinobacteria, namely, Actinoallomurus, Actinomadura, Actinocrinis, and Gaiella, was significantly higher in the root tissues of healthy C. cathayensis specimens than in those of diseased and dead trees. Altogether, these results suggest that disruption in the balance of these bacterial communities may be associated with the development of root rot in C. cathayensis, and further, our study provides theoretical guidance for the isolation and control of pathogens and diseases related to this important tree species.

Nucleocapsid Amino Acids 211 to 254, in Particular, Tetrad Glutamines, are Essential for the Interaction Between the Nucleocapsid and Membrane Proteins of SARS-Associated Coronavirus

Fang, Xiaonan,Ye, Lin-Bai,Zhang, Yijuan,Li, Baozong,Li, Shanshan,Kong, Lingbao,Wang, Yuhua,Zheng, Hong,Wang, Wei,Wu, Zhenghui The Microbiological Society of Korea 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.5

GST pull-down assays were used to characterize the SARS-CoV membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) interaction, and it was found that the amino acids 211-254 of N protein were essential for this interaction. When tetrad glutamines (Q) were replaced with glutamic acids (E) at positions of 240-243 of the N protein, the interaction was disrupted.

Determination of 11 Ginsenosides in Black Ginseng Developed from Panax ginseng by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Bai-Shen Sun,Li-Juan Gu,Zhe-Ming Fang,Chun Yan Wang,Zhen Wang,Chang-Keun Sung 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed for determination of 11 ginsenosides in black ginseng (BG, white ginseng that is subjected to 9 cycles of 95℃ for 3 hr). After eluted by gradient elution of water-acetonitrile without buffer in 70 min, 11 ginsenosides in BG were identified. The proposed method provided good linearity (R²>0.9995), accuracy (92.2-106.6%), and intra- and interday precision (RSD<2.6%). In addition, ginsenosides compositions in white, red, and black ginsengs were investigated using this method, respectively. Interestingly, in BG, the content of ginsenoside Rg3 which does not existed in white ginseng was 7.51 ㎎/g, approximately 20 times than that in red ginseng.

TWIN POSITIVE SOLUTIONS OF FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL ρ-LAPLACIAN

Bai, Chuan-Zhi,Fang, Jin-Xuan Korean Mathematical Society 2003 대한수학회보 Vol.40 No.2

For the boundary value problem (BVP) of second order functional differential equations for the one-dimensional $\rho$-Laplaclan: ($\Phi$$_{\rho}$(y'))'(t)+m(t)f(t, $y^{t}$ )=0 for t$\in$[0,1], y(t)=η(t) for t$\in$[-$\sigma$,0], y'(t)=ξ(t) for t$\in$[1,d], suitable conditions are imposed on f(t, $y^{t}$ ) which yield the existence of at least two positive solutions. Our result generalizes the main result of Avery, Chyan and Henderson.

A SYSTEM OF NONLINEAR VARIATIONAL INCLUSIONS IN REAL BANACH SPACES

Bai, Chuan-Zhi,Fang, Jin-Xuan Korean Mathematical Society 2003 대한수학회보 Vol.40 No.3

In this paper, we introduce and study a system of nonlinear implicit variational inclusions (SNIVI) in real Banach spaces: determine elements $x^{*},\;y^{*},\;z^{*}\;\in\;E$ such that ${\theta}\;{\in}\;{\alpha}T(y^{*})\;+\;g(x^{*})\;-\;g(y^{*})\;+\;A(g(x^{*}))\;\;\;for\;{\alpha}\;>\;0,\;{\theta}\;{\in}\;{\beta}T(z^{*})\;+\;g(y^{*})\;-\;g(z^{*})\;+\;A(g(y^{*}))\;\;\;for\;{\beta}\;>\;0,\;{\theta}\;{\in}\;{\gamma}T(x^{*})\;+\;g(z^{*})\;-\;g(x^{*})\;+\;A(g(z^{*}))\;\;\;for\;{\gamma}\;>\;0,$ where T, g : $E\;{\rightarrow}\;E,\;{\theta}$ is zero element in Banach space E, and A : $E\;{\rightarrow}\;{2^E}$ be m-accretive mapping. By using resolvent operator technique for n-secretive mapping in real Banach spaces, we construct some new iterative algorithms for solving this system of nonlinear implicit variational inclusions. The convergence of iterative algorithms be proved in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces and in real Banach spaces, respectively.

Wing weight estimation considering constraints of structural strength and stiffness in aircraft conceptual design

Bai, Chen,Mingqiang, Luo,Zhong, Shen,Zhe, Wu,Yiming, Man,Lei, Fang The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2014 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.15 No.4

According to the requirement of wing weight estimation and frequent adjustments during aircraft conceptual design, a wing weight estimation method considering the constraints of structural strength and stiffness is proposed to help designers make wing weight estimations rapidly and accurately. This method implements weight predictions on the basis of structure weight optimization with stiffness constraints and strength constraints, which include achievement of wing shape parametric modeling, rapid structure layout, finite element (FE) model automated generation, load calculation, structure analysis, weight optimization, and weight computed based on modeling. A software tool is developed with this wing weight estimation method. This software can realize the whole process of wing weight estimation with the method and the workload of wing weight estimation is reduced because much of the work can be completed by the software. Finally, an example is given to illustrate that this weight estimation method is effective.

충청남도 해미읍성 유적지 주변 남문1로와 남문2로의 가로시설물의 특성 분석을 통한 디자인 제안

백설 ( Bai Xue ),시치팡 ( Shi Zhi Fang ),한상윤 ( Han Sang Yun ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.6

세계화가 지속되면서 대규모 도시계획과 건설에 의해 지역문화가 빠르게 소실되고 있다. 특히 많은 역사마을과 유적지 등이 점차 고립되고 있으며 지역 내 가로시설물과 마을 유적지 간의 연결점 부족과 시설물 디자인의 획일화와 평준화 및 무특색으로 지역 특색을 반영하지 못한 시설물 디자인 및 가로시설물 부족 등 문제점들을 갖고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 역사성이 두터운 해미읍성 유적지를 보호하며 고유성을 진작시키고 특색있는 주변 환경을 구현할 수 있는 주변의 가로시설물 보완에 필요한 합리적인 디자인 제안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구 목적을 위해 다음과 같은 연구방법을 채택하였다. 해미읍성 유적지 주변의 도로를 중심으로 가로시설물의 개념과 분류에 관한 문헌조사를 토대로 체계적인 이론 고찰과 더불어 해미읍성 유적지 주변의 남문1로와 남문2로에 대한 대상지 현장실사를 바탕으로 주민과 관광객을 대상으로 진행한 설문조사를 통해 가로시설물의 현존 문제점을 파악하고, 해미읍성 유적지 주변 가로시설물의 디자인 요소를 도출하여 적용 가능한 합리적인 가로시설물디자인 근거를 제안하였다. 이를 위해 다음과 같은 두 가지 의미를 바탕으로 연구하였다. 첫째, 역사 및 문화를 지속적으로 계승하기 위해 사적 116호 해미읍성을 중심으로 한 주민생활권에 대해 역사유적지의 기존 특징을 살릴 수 있는 가로시설물 디자인을 연구하였다. 둘째, 시설물 현황 연구를 기반으로 해결해야 하는 문제점을 제기하고 가로시설물의 외관과 내용에 관한 기본적인 디자인 방향에 따른디자인 모델 및 가로시설물에 적합한 색채를 제안하였다. 이를 통해 디자인 사례를 기반으로 해미읍성에 적합한 가로시설물의 디자인 근거와 구체적인 방법을 제시하여 마을의 문화 계승 및 발전에 긍정적인 역할을 할 수 있다. Local culture is rapidly disappearing due to continuous globalization and large-scale urban planning and construction. In particular, many historic villages and historic sites are gradually isolated, and there are problems such as a lack of connection between local street facilities and historic village sites, uniformity, leveling and non-characteristics of facility design, facility design that does not reflect regional characteristics, and lack of street facilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide reasonable design proposals necessary to supplement street facilities around the Haemieupseong. For this research purpose, the following research methods were adopted. A systematic theoretical review was conducted based on the literature review on the concept and classification of street facilities, focusing on the roads around Haemieupseong. Based on the on-site inspection of Nammun 1-ro and Nammun 2-ro areas, a survey was conducted for residents and tourists to identify the existing problems of street facilities and to derive design elements for street facilities. Then, this study proposed a rational for an applicable and reasonal street facility design. To this end, the study was conducted based on the following two meanings. First, in order to continuously inherit history and culture, this study investigated the design of street facilities that could utilize the existing characteristics of historic sites for residents living areas centered on Haemieupseong, Historic Site No. 116. Second, this study raised the problem to be solved based on the research on the current status of facilities and proposed a design model and color suitable for street facilities according to the basic design direction for the appearance and contents of street facilities. Through this, this study will be able to make a positive contribution to the succession and development of the culture of the village by presenting the design rationale and specific method for street facilities suitable for Haemieupseong based on design cases.

Sustained ocular delivery of desmopressin acetate via thermoreversible in situ gel formulation: preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation

Lei Fang,Zhang Huimin,Luo Rui,Fei Qingsong,Bai Luyu,He Ning 한국약제학회 2022 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.52 No.5

Purpose The present study was designed to formulate a thermoreversible in situ gel system for sustained ocular delivery of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) for the treatment of polyuria. Methods The cold method was employed for the preparation of in situ gel formulations using different levels of poloxamer 407 (F-127) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS). The optimal formulation was selected based on gelation temperature, rheological behavior, and in vitro drug release, and further evaluated by thermal, ocular irritation, residence time, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic analyses. Results The optimal formulation, composed of F-127 (20%) and CMCTS (1.5%), showed appropriate fluidity at room temperature (25 °C) and transitioned to semisolid gels at physiological temperature (34 °C). The optimal gels showed pseudoplastic fluid properties and favorable thixotropy characteristics in rheological tests. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed even dispersal of DDAVP in the matrix of gels. Results from in vivo studies demonstrated that the newly prepared gel successfully prolonged the residence time of DDAVP, improved ocular bioavailability, and exerted the same antidiuretic effect as ophthalmic drops. Conclusion The developed thermoreversible ophthalmic in situ gel of DDAVP presents a promising formulation for the treatment of polyuria.