Case Report : A Case of Occipital Neuralgia in the Greater and Lesser Occipital Nerves Treated with Neurectomy by Using Transcranial Doppler Sonography: Technical Aspects

( Sang Jin Jung ),( Seong Keun Moon ),( Tae Young Kim ),( Ki Seong Eom ) 대한통증학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.24 No.1

Occipital neuralgia is usually defined as paroxysmal stabbing pain in the greater or lesser occipital nerve (GON or LON) distribution. In occipital neuralgia patients, surgical considerations are carefully taken into account if medical management is ineffective. However, identification of the occipital artery by palpation in patients with thick necks or small occipital arteries can be technically difficult. Therefore, we established a new technique using transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography for more accurate and rapid identification. The patient was a 64-year-old man who had undergone C1-C3 screw fixation and presented with intractable stabbing pain in the bilateral GON and LON distributions. In cases in which pain management was performed using medication, physical therapy, nerve block, or radiofrequency thermocoagulation, substantial pain relief was not consistently achieved, and recurrence of pain was reported. Therefore, we performed occipital neurectomy of the bilateral GON and LON by using TCD sonography, which helped detect the greater occipital artery easily. After the operation, the patient`s headache disappeared gradually, although he had discontinued all medication except antidepressants. We believe that this new technique of occipital neurectomy via a small skin incision performed using TCD sonography is easy and reliable, has a short operative time, and provides rapid pain relief. (Korean J Pain 2011; 24: 48-52)

In vitro and in vivo effect of Melatonin on Sister Chromatid Exchange in Human Blood Lymphocytes Exposed to Hypoxia

Ki-Sang Eom,Jae-Ho Lee,In-Jang Choi,Dae-Kwang Kim 대한체질인류학회 2010 대한체질인류학회 학술대회 연제 초록 Vol.53 No.-

Original Article : Antifungal and synergistic effects of an ethyl acetate extract of the edible brown seaweed Eisenia bicyclis against Candida species

( Ki Hyun Kim ),( Sung Hwan Eom ),( Hyo Jung Kim ),( Dae Sung Lee ),( Ossiniel Nshimiyumukiza ),( Dongsoo Kim ),( Young Mog Kim ),( Myung Suk Lee ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2014 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.17 No.2

With the continuing demand for new solutions in the development of effective and safe candidiasis therapies, we investigated the efficacy of an antifungal agent from the marine brown alga Eisenia bicyclis. The methanolic extract of E. bicyclis evinced potential antifungal activity against Candida species. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble extract from E. bicyclis demonstrated the strongest antifungal activity against Candida species among five solvent-soluble extracts. Indeed, the EtOAc-soluble extract showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 4 to 8 mg/mL. Furthermore, the EtOAc-soluble extract considerably reversed high-level fluconazole resistance of Candida species. The MIC values of fluconazole against Candida species decreased substantially (from 64 to 4 μg/mL) in combination with the MIC of the EtOAc-soluble extract (4 mg/mL). The fractional inhibitory concentration indices of fluconazole ranged from 0.531 to 0.625 in combination with 4, 2, or 1 mg/mL of the EtOAc-soluble extract against Candida isolates, indicating that these combinations exert a marked synergistic effect against Candida isolates. These findings imply that compounds derived from E. bicyclis can be a potential source of natural antifungal agents against Candida species.

Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eom, Chun-Sick,Lee, Hyun-Ki,Ye, Sungmin,Park, Sang Min,Cho, Kyung-Hwan Mary Ann Liebert, Inc 2012 Journal of bone and mineral research Vol.27 No.5

<P>Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and the risk of fracture. We identified relevant studies by searching three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library) from their inception to October 20, 2010. Two evaluators independently extracted data. Because of heterogeneity, we used random-effects meta-analysis to obtain pooled estimates of effect. We identified 12 studies: seven case-control studies and five cohort studies. A meta-analysis of these 12 observational studies showed that the overall risk of fracture was higher among people using SSRIs (adjusted odds ratio [OR]???=???1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-1.90, I(2???) = 89.9%). Subgroup analysis by adjusted number of key risk factors for osteoporotic fracture showed a greater increased fracture risk in those adjusted for fewer than four variables (adjusted OR???=???1.83, 95% CI 1.57-2.13, I(2) ???=???88.0%) than those adjusted for four or more variables (adjusted OR???=???1.38, 95% CI 1.27-1.49, I(2) ???=???46.1%). The pooled ORs anatomical site of fracture in the hip/femur, spine, and wrist/forearm were 2.06 (95% CI 1.84-2.30, I(2???) =???62.3%), 1.34 (95% CI 1.13-1.59, I(2???) =???48.5%), and 1.51 (95% CI 1.26-1.82, I(2???) =???76.6%), respectively. Subgroup analysis by exposure duration revealed that the strength of the association decreased with a longer window of SSRI administration before the index date. The risk of fracture was greater within 6 weeks before the index date (adjusted OR???=???3.83, 95% CI 1.96-7.49, I(2???) =???41.5%) than 6 weeks or more (adjusted OR???=???1.60, 95% CI 0.93-2.76, I(2???) =???63.1%). Fracture risk associated with SSRI use may have a significant clinical impact. Clinicians should carefully consider bone mineral density screening before prescribing SSRIs and proper management for high-risk populations.</P>

Coherent Electronic andPhononic Oscillations in Single-WalledCarbon Nanotubes

Eom, Intae,Park, Sohyun,Han, Hae-Seon,Yee, Ki-Ju,Baik, Sung-Hoon,Jeong, Do-Young,Joo, Taiha,Lim, Yong-Sik American ChemicalSociety 2012 Nano letters Vol.12 No.2

<P>Free induction decay of the coherent electronic transition and coherent phonon oscillations of the radial breathing mode in single-walled carbon nanotubes are simultaneously observed via direct resonant excitation of the lowest E-11 optical transition in the near-infrared region from 0.939 to 1.1 eV. We show that coherent electronic oscillations corresponding to the detuning of the probe energy from resonance can be exploited for the chirality assignment of carbon nanotubes, together with the robust assignment of the coherent lattice vibrations resonantly excited by femtosecond pulses. Excitation spectra show a large number of pronounced peaks that map out chirality distributions in great detail.</P>

Identification of a PAS Domain-containing Protein in a Mammalian Hibernator, Murina leucogaster

Sang-Gil Cho,Dong-Yong Kim,Ki-Hyuk Eom,배기호 한국통합생물학회 2009 Animal cells and systems Vol.13 No.2

Mammalian hibernation is a type of natural adaptation that allows organisms to avoid harsh environment and to increase the possibility of survival. To investigate the molecular link between circadian and hibernating rhythms in the greater tube-nosed bats, Murina leucogaster, we set out to identify circadian genes that are expressed in bats, with specific focus on the PAS domain by using PCR-based screens. We could isolate a cDNA clone, designated as LPAS1, that encodes a protein of 521 amino acid residues. LPAS1 is closely related with CLOCK family with the highest homology to human CLOCK. Based on RT-PCR analyses, LPAS1 transcripts are ubiquitously present in tissues from both summer active and winter dormant periods. Given that LPAS1 is a member of the bHLH-PAS protein superfamily but lacks polyglutamine transactivation domains, it is likely to function as a repressor for endogenous CLOCK to hinder its roles in promoting transcription. Our result will open a new avenue to further examine the functional interconnection between the circadian clock and the circannual clock such as mammalian hibernation. Mammalian hibernation is a type of natural adaptation that allows organisms to avoid harsh environment and to increase the possibility of survival. To investigate the molecular link between circadian and hibernating rhythms in the greater tube-nosed bats, Murina leucogaster, we set out to identify circadian genes that are expressed in bats, with specific focus on the PAS domain by using PCR-based screens. We could isolate a cDNA clone, designated as LPAS1, that encodes a protein of 521 amino acid residues. LPAS1 is closely related with CLOCK family with the highest homology to human CLOCK. Based on RT-PCR analyses, LPAS1 transcripts are ubiquitously present in tissues from both summer active and winter dormant periods. Given that LPAS1 is a member of the bHLH-PAS protein superfamily but lacks polyglutamine transactivation domains, it is likely to function as a repressor for endogenous CLOCK to hinder its roles in promoting transcription. Our result will open a new avenue to further examine the functional interconnection between the circadian clock and the circannual clock such as mammalian hibernation.

Slide Session : OS-107 ; Critical Care : Prognostic Factors in Patients Requiring Prolonged Acute Mechanical Ventilation

( Sang Hee Lee ),( Min Ji Kim ),( Eun Jung Jo ),( Jung Seop Eom ),( Jeong Ha Mok ),( Mi Hyun Kim ),( Ki Uk Kim ),( Hye Kyung Park ),( Min Ki Lee ),( Kwang Ha Lee ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Currently, patients requiring ventilator care for more than 96 h are de- fined as undergoing prolonged acute mechanical ventilation (PAMV), and the number of such patients is expected to increase. We evaluated the clinical factors related to a poor prognosis by analyzing patients requiring PAMV in the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data collected from March 2008 to February 2013. During the study period, 311 patients (41%) were categorized as on PAMV. We analyzed the prognostic factors on day 28 using clinical data gathered from the medical records on day 4 of mechanical ventilation (MV). Results: The median age of the enrolled patients was 67 [interquartile range (IQR) 59-75] years and 223 (71.7%) were male. The 28-day mortality rate after ICU admission was 34.7%. The most common underlying comorbidity was chronic lung disease (31.5%). The median ICU and hospital stays were 15 (IQR 9-27) and 26 (IQR 15-50) days, respectively. The median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores on the admission day were 17 (IQR 13-21) and 5 (IQR 3-6), respectively. Four variables on day 4 of MV (neuromuscular blocker required [hazard ratio (HR) 2.432, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.337-4.422; p=0.004], vasopressor required [HR 2.312, 95% CI 1.258-4.248; p=0.007], hemodialysis required [HR 1.913, 95% CI 1.018-3.595; p=0.044], and body mass index = 21 [HR 1.827, 95% CI 1.015-3.288; p=0.044]) were independent factors associated with mortality based on a Cox proportional hazards model that excluded patients (n=12) with a do-not-resuscitate order given before day 4. Conclusions: Four clinical factors on day 4 of MV appear to indicate a poor prognosis in patients with PAMV: vasopressor required, neuromuscular blocker required, hemodialysis required, and body mass index = 21.

Development and validation of a comorbidity index for predicting survival outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with acute leukemia: a Korean nationwide cohort study

Sung-Soo Park,Hee-Je Kim,Tong Yoon Kim,Joon yeop Lee,Jong Hyuk Lee,Gi June Min,Silvia Park,Jae-Ho Yoon,Sung-Eun Lee,Byung-Sik Cho,Ki-Seong Eom,Yoo-Jin Kim,Seok Lee,Dong-Wook Kim 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.3

Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is a potentially curative treatment option for acute leukemia. We aimed to identify the comorbidity factors affecting survival outcomes after alloSCT and develop a new comorbidity index tool for predicting overall survival (OS). Methods A Korean nationwide cohort of 3,809 adults with acute leukemia treated with alloSCT between January 2002 and December 2018 was analyzed as the development cohort. A retrospective cohort comprising 313 consecutive adults with acute leukemia who underwent alloSCT between January 2019 and April 2020 was analyzed as the validation cohort. Results In the development cohort, advanced age, male sex, and comorbidities such as previous non-hematologic malignancy, hypertension, and coronary or cerebral vascular disease were significantly related to poor OS. Subsequently, a new comorbidity scoring system was developed, and risk groups were created, which included the low-risk (score ≤0.17), intermediate-risk (0.17< score ≤0.4), high-risk (0.4< score ≤0.55), and very high-risk (score >0.55) groups. The 1-year OS rates were discriminatively estimated at 73.5%, 66.2%, 61.9%, and 50.9% in the low-risk, intermediate-risk, high-risk, and very high-risk groups in the development cohort, respectively (P<0.001). The developed scoring system yielded discriminatively different 1-year OS rates and 1-year incidence of non-relapse mortality according to the risk group (P=0.085 and P=0.018, respectively). Furthermore, the developed model showed an acceptable performance for predicting 1-year non-relapse mortality with an area under the curve of 0.715. Conclusion The newly developed predictive scoring system could be a simple and reliable tool helping clinicians to assess risk of alloSCT in adults with acute leukemia.

An Evaluation of the Rate Constant for the Chemical Step in an ECE Type Reduction of $Vo^{2+}^-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetate

Ki-Suk Jung,Se Chul Sohn,Yeong Keong Ha,Tae Yoon Eom,Sock Sung Yun Korean Chemical Society 1991 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.12 No.2

Evaluation of the accuracy of mobile cone-beam computed tomography after spinal instrumentation surgery

( Ki Seong Eom ),( Eun Sung Park ),( Dae Won Kim ),( Jong Tae Park ),( Kwon-ha Yoon ) 대한외상학회 2022 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.35 No.1

Purpose: Pedicle screw fixation provides 3-column stabilization, multidimensional control, and a higher rate of interbody fusion. Although computed tomography (CT) is recommended for the postoperative assessment of pedicle screw fixation, its use is limited due to the radiation exposure dose. The purpose of this preliminary retrospective study was to assess the clinical usefulness of low-dose mobile cone-beam CT (CBCT) for the postoperative evaluation of pedicle screw fixation. Methods: The author retrospectively reviewed postoperative mobile CBCT images of 15 patients who underwent posterior pedicle screw fixation for spinal disease from November 2019 to April 2020. Pedicle screw placement was assessed for breaches of the bony structures. The breaches were graded based on the Heary classification. Results: The patients included 11 men and four women, and their mean age was 66±12 years. Of the 122 pedicle screws, 34 (27.9%) were inserted in the thoracic segment (from T7 to T12), 82 (67.2%) in the lumbar segment (from L1 to L5), and six (4.9%) in the first sacral segment. Although there were metal-related artifacts, the image of the screw position (according to Heary classification) after surgery could be assessed using mobile CBCT at all levels (T7-S1). Conclusions: Mobile CBCT was accurate in determining the location and integrity of the pedicle screw and identifying the surrounding bony structures. In the postoperative setting, mobile CBCT can be used as a primary modality for assessing the accuracy of pedicle screw fixation and detecting postoperative complications.