Analysis of 22 Y chromosomal STR haplotypes and Y haplogroup distribution in Pathans of Pakistan

Lee, E.Y.,Shin, K.J.,Rakha, A.,Sim, J.E.,Park, M.J.,Kim, N.Y.,Yang, W.I.,Lee, H.Y. Elsevier Science 2014 FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS Vol.11 No.-

We analyzed haplotypes for 22 Y chromosomal STRs (Y-STRs), including 17 Yfiler loci (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DY438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 and Y-GATA-H4) and five additional STRs (DYS388, DYS446, DYS447, DYS449 and DYS464), and Y chromosomal haplogroup distribution in 270 unrelated individuals from the Pathans residing in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan using in-house multiplex PCR systems. Each Y-STR showed diversities ranging from 0.2506 to 0.8538, and the discriminatory capacity (DC) was 73.7% with 199 observed haplotypes using 17 Yfiler loci. By the addition of 5 Y-STRs to the Yfiler system, the DC was increased to 85.2% while showing 230 observed haplotypes. Among the additional 5 Y-STRs, DYS446, DYS447 and DYS449 were major contributors to enhancing discrimination. In the analysis of molecular variance, the Pathans of this study showed significant differences from other Pathan populations as well as neighboring population sets. In Y-SNP analysis, a total of 12 Y chromosomal haplogroups were observed and the most frequent haplogroup was R1a1a with 49.3% frequency. To obtain insights on the origin of Pathans, the network analysis was performed for the haplogroups G and Q observed from the Pathans and the Jewish population groups including Ashkenazim and Sephardim, but little support for a Jewish origin could be found. In the present study, we report Y-STR population data in Pathans of Pakistan, and we emphasize the need for adding additional markers to the commonly used 17 Yfiler loci to achieve more improved discriminatory capacity in a population with low genetic diversity.

Association and functional relevance of E237G, a polymorphism of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E-receptor β chain gene, to airway hyper-responsiveness

Kim, Y.-K.,Park, H.-W.,Yang, J.-S.,Oh, S.-Y.,Chang, Y.-S.,Shin, E.-S.,Lee, J.-E.,Kim, S.,Gho, Y. S.,Cho, S.-H.,Min, K.-U.,Kim, Y.-Y. Blackwell Scientific Publications 2007 Clinical and experimental allergy Vol.37 No.4

<P>Summary</P><P>Background</P><P>The hyper-sensitivity reaction of IgE, with its high-affinity receptors (FcϵRI), is central to the phenomenon of atopic diseases.</P><P>Objective</P><P>To evaluate the genetic effects of non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FcϵRI on intermediate phenotypes of asthma, i.e. atopy and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), in the Korean general population.</P><P>Subjects and methods</P><P>Atopy and AHR were evaluated in a cohort of 2055 subjects, aged 10–18 years, using skin prick tests (SPTs) for common aeroallergens and total serum IgE and methacholine bronchial provocation tests. All FcϵRI-α, FcϵRI-β, and FcϵRI-γ gene exons of 24 healthy subjects were sequenced to locate informative non-synonymous SNPs (minor allele frequency >2%). Informative SNPs were then scored, using the high-throughput single base extension method. Relative risk (RR) was determined by multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding factors. The functional relevance of non-synonymous SNPs was analysed using the sorting intolerant from tolerant (SIFT) program.</P><P>Results</P><P>The SNP search found only one informative non-synonymous SNP in FcϵRI-β: E237G (minor allele frequency=0.21). The positive rate of AHR was lower among subjects with the 237<SUP>*</SUP>E allele than among those with 237<SUP>*</SUP>G [RR (95% confidence interval)=0.41 (0.19–0.89); <I>P</I>=0.01]. However, the E237G substitution was not associated with either a positive SPT response or total serum IgE levels. Sequence evolution analysis predicted that the E237G variation is an intolerant amino acid substitution, with functional importance.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>In the Korean general population, AHR is significantly associated with the E237G polymorphism of FcϵRI-β, which results in an intolerant amino acid substitution.</P>

SAHA, an HDAC inhibitor, overcomes erlotinib resistance in human pancreatic cancer cells by modulating E-cadherin

Park, S. J.,Kim, S. M.,Moon, J. H.,Kim, J. H.,Shin, J. S.,Hong, S. W.,Shin, Y. J.,Lee, D. H.,Lee, E. Y.,Hwang, I. Y. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Tumour biology Vol.37 No.4

<P>Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers and remains a major unsolved health problem. Less than 20 % of patients are surgical candidates, and the median survival for non-resected patients is approximately 3 to 4 months. Despite the existence of many conventional cancer therapies, few targeted therapies have been developed for pancreatic cancer. Combination therapy using erlotinib and gemcitabine is an approved standard chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer, but it has marginal therapeutic benefit. To try to improve the therapeutic outlook, we studied the efficacy of another combination treatment and the relevance to E-cadherin in human pancreatic cancer cells. We treated two human pancreatic cancer cell lines with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) SAHA. Interestingly, in these Panc-1 and Capan1 cells, we observed that the expression levels of E-cadherin and phosphorylated EGFR were gradually upregulated after treatment with SAHA. Furthermore, these cells underwent induced cell death after exposure to the combination treatment of SAHA and erlotinib. In Panc-1 cells, overexpression of E-cadherin activated the phosphorylation of EGFR and increased the cell sensitivity to erlotinib. In Capan1 cells, knocking down E-cadherin decreased the expression of phosphorylated EGFR, and these cells did not respond to erlotinib. Therefore, we demonstrated the efficacy of the combined treatment with SAHA and erlotinib in human pancreatic cancer cells, and we determined that the increased efficacy was due, at least in part, to the effects of SAHA on the expression of E-cadherin. Our studies suggest that E-cadherin may be a potent biomarker for pancreatic cancer.</P>

The E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP selectively regulates mutant epidermal growth factor receptor by ubiquitination and degradation

Chung, C.,Yoo, G.,Kim, T.,Lee, D.,Lee, C.S.,Cha, H.R.,Park, Y.H.,Moon, J.Y.,Jung, S.S.,Kim, J.O.,Lee, J.C.,Kim, S.Y.,Park, H.S.,Park, M.,Park, D.I.,Lim, D.S.,Jang, K.W.,Lee, J.E. Academic Press 2016 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.479 No.2

Somatic mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a decisive factor for the therapeutic response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in lung adenocarcinoma. The stability of mutant EGFR is maintained by various regulators, including heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). The C terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a Hsp70/Hsp90 co-chaperone and exhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The high-affinity Hsp90-CHIP complex recognizes and selectively regulates their client proteins. CHIP also works with its own E3 ligase activity independently of Hsp70/Hsp90. Here, we investigated the role of CHIP in regulating EGFR in lung adenocarcinoma and also evaluated the specificity of CHIP's effects on mutant EGFR. In HEK 293T cells transfected with either WT EGFR or EGFR mutants, the overexpression of CHIP selectively decreased the expression of certain EGFR mutants (G719S, L747_E749del A750P and L858R) but not WT EGFR. In a pull-down assay, CHIP selectively interacted with EGFR mutants and simultaneously induced their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. The expressions of mutant EGFR in PC9 and H1975 were diminished by CHIP, while the expression of WT EGFR in A549 was nearly not affected. In addition, CHIP overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and xenograft's tumor growth of EGFR mutant cell lines, but not WT EGFR cell lines. EGFR mutant specific ubiquitination by CHIP may provide a crucial regulating mechanism for EGFR in lung adenocarcinoma. Our results suggest that CHIP can be novel therapeutic target for overcoming the EGFR TKI resistance.

Satisfaction with mammography in the National Cancer Screening Programme participants of age 40s in Korea

JEON, B.Y.,LEE, H‐,Y.,PARK, E‐,C.,CHOI, K.S.,JUN, J.K.,KIM, Y.,HAN, M.A.,YOON, N‐,H.,KIM, E.J.,JEON, S.M. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 European journal of cancer care Vol.20 No.6

<P>JEON B.Y., LEE H‐Y., PARK E‐C., CHOI K.S., JUN J.K., KIM Y., HAN M.A., YOON N‐H., KIM E.J. & JEON S.M. (2011) <I>European Journal of Cancer Care</I><B>20</B>, 803–809</P><P><B>Satisfaction with mammography in the National Cancer Screening Programme participants of age 40s in Korea</B></P><P>The aim of this study was to evaluate satisfaction with the National Cancer Screening Programme of mammography in Korea and to examine the association between subscales of satisfaction and general satisfaction. We conducted a cross‐sectional telephone survey for women who had obtained a National Cancer Screening Programme mammographic screening at general hospitals between May and October 2008. The present study included 2005 women in their forties. We performed multivariate linear regression using dependent variable as general satisfaction and independent variables as subscales of satisfaction, such as pre‐screening information transfer, staff interpersonal skills, physical surroundings and results reporting. Participants were stratified according to the result of their mammogram as negative or positive. Mean score of satisfaction was above 2.5 of 4 for all subscales. Women who received positive results were less satisfied with all of subscale factors. Staff interpersonal skills were the most important factor that contributed to general satisfaction. Future efforts such as staff training programme of communication/attitude skills, ensuring privacy and explanation of possible discomfort of the screening would be needed.</P>

Effects of Estradiol on the Paracrine Regulator Expression of In Vitro Maturated Murine Ovarian Follicles

Kim, Y. J.,Park, K. E.,Kim, Y. Y.,Kim, H.,Ku, S. Y.,Suh, C. S.,Kim, S. H.,Choi, Y. M. 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2017 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.13 No.6

<P>The preservation of female germ cells is important in the individuals with ovarian dysfunction and failure. For this purpose, ovarian follicle in vitro maturation (OFIVM) is an important technology for the retrieval of mature oocytes. In the in vivo follicular development, paracrine factors such as angiotensin (AT) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) play important roles. We attempted to add estrogen during the OFIVM and to assess their expression on the follicular cells. The ovaries and pre-antral follicles were collected from 13-day C57BL/6 mice and cultured in vitro with estradiol (E-2) treatment for up to two weeks. In the whole ovaries, the expression of AT II was decreased and the expression of AMH was similar between control and E-2-treated ovaries after in vitro culture. Although there was no difference in the survival, ovulation, maturation and fertilization rates between control and E-2-treated groups, the expression of AT II in the follicular cells was down-regulated after E-2 treatment at mRNA level, and AMH showed similar expression. In conclusion, adding E-2 in OFIVM may regulate paracrine factors and their receptors that are related to follicular development. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the roles of various sex hormones in the regulation of AT and AMH expression during the OFIVM.</P>

소 품종별 Melanocortin Receptor 1(MC1R) 유전자의 유전자형 빈도에 관한 연구

한재용,김경남,오성종,정일정,김태헌,윤두학,박응우,이혜영,탁태영 한국동물자원과학회 2000 한국축산학회지 Vol.42 No.6

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) plays a central role in regulation of eumelanin(black/brown) and phaeomelanin (red / yellow) synthesis within the mammalian melanocyte and encoded by the classical Extension (E) coat color locus. The objectives of this study were carried out to observe the genotype frequencies of MC1R in 1,044 samples of imported beef and eight different cattle breeds including Hanwoo, Holstein, Angus, Brown-Swiss, Charolais, Limousin, Simmental and Hereford. The primers for the amplification of bovine MC1R gene were designed based on a bovine MC1R gene sequence (GenBank accession no. Y19103). A size of 350 by was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR), digested with each or together of two different restriction enzyme, BsrFI and MspAII, and electrophoresed in 2.5% or 4% Metaphore agarose gel for determination of genotypes. One thousand and forty four samples including eight different cattle breeds and imported beef were determinated their genotypes by PCR-RFLP. Genotype frequencies of Hanwoo were 0.10 in E e and 0.90 in ee. Allele E^D was shown in all of Holstein and Angus breeds tested which have black coat color phenotypes. However, genotype frequencies of Limousin and Simmental breeds were 0.21 and 0.07 in E^DE^D, 0.00 and 0.03 in E^De^+ , 0.38 and 0.35 in E^De, respectively. These results of this study suggest that alleles of the bovine MC1R gene are associated strongly with coat color except for Simmental and Limousin breeds with dark brown, light yellow or mosaic coat color of red and brown. Therefore, it needs to be studied on relationship between A and E loci and coat color phenotypes. Furthermore, genotypes of the bovine MC1R gene can be used as a DNA marker for distinguishing. beef between Hanwoo and Holstein and Angus having black coat color phenotype.

초기성인의 생활습관과 당뇨에 대한 지식

소선이,마지은,고지윤,김은혜,박현화,서유진,서형은,유은미,이하늬,이혜인,정지연,현혜리,이자형,정덕유,강지숙 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2009 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.43

Purposes :The purposes of this study was to investigate the self-managing status according to the life styles and the diabetic knowledge of early adulthood. The subjects in this study were 240people, the early adult aged twenties to thirties living in the metropolitan area. Data were collected by using self-administered questionnaires that measure about the knowledge of diabetes; the dietetic behavior; the knowledge of diet; the exercise behavior; the knowledge of exercise. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation were used for data analysis. Result :1. At the knowledge of diabetes degree based on the general character, the subjects who had experiences of diabetic education have higher degree of the diabetic knowledge. 2. At the knowledge of diabetes degree according to the life style, the subjects who have regular diet are appeared highly. Also the subjects who don't take much food of animal origin have higher degree. 3. At the knowledge of diet based on the life style, the subjects who don't keep three times meals a day are appeared highly. Also the subjects who have regular diet have higher degree. 4. At the knowledge of exercise according to the life style, the subjects who take extra nutritions 3-4 times a week are appeared highly. Although the subjects tend to know about dietary, exercise and health management, it showed that they actually don't perform what they know in their everyday of life. The reason for this could be the lack of perceived seriousness about diabetes mellitus. Thus as nursing professionals, we should provide them proper health education and support. Moreover, advanced research on the empowerment is warranted.

가족공동체를 떠난 간호대학생들의 대학생활체험

김고은,김유은,김희진,조유진,안주영,허다연,홍서우,차지영,박송이 이화여자대학교 간호학회 2018 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.52

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand and explain the experiences of college life among junior nursing students who live apart from their families. Methods: 14 junior nursing students living apart from their families for at least one semester were recruited through snowballing and convenience sampling. Participants were interviewed individually using open ended questions. Data were collected from July to October in 2017 until data saturation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by using hermeneutic phenomenological method proposed by van Manen. Results: Five essential theme clusters emerged: (1) faced with diverse problems while living apart from family, (2) depend on family when stressed, (3) adapt to college life by being independent and forming self-initiative lifestyle, (4) confront with difficulties once again when adapting to academic curriculum restructured by practicum, (5) pave the way to nursing career and feel proud of overcoming the difficulties independently. Conclusion: Although most participants faced diverse problems in college life, they tried to adapt independently by forming self-initiative lifestyle and overturn the difficulties to positive experiences. In conclusion, the process of living apart from families transformed participants into proactive individuals. Adopting counseling programs could support starting their junior years successfully.

腦炎發生豫測에 對한 病毒學的 昆蟲學的 調査硏究(1972)

申鶴均,李漢一,朴基德,洪漢基,鄭義範,金薄榮,李溫永,金慶浩 國立保健硏究院 1974 국립보건연구원보 Vol.11 No.-