중국 후베이성 샹양시 삼국역사 애니메이션의 장면 기법 연구 -〈와룡출산〉 파일럿 필름을 중심으로-

양동욱(Yang Dongxu),김일태(Kim Il-tae) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2021 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.64

샹양시(襄陽市)는 중국(中國) 후베이성(湖北省) 서북부(西北部)에 있는 후베이성 제2의 도시로, 2800여 년의 역사를 가지고 있다. 샹양시는 초문화(楚文化)·한문화(漢文化)·삼국문화(三國文化)의 주요 발원지이다. 삼국시대 와룡선생(臥龍先生) 제갈량(諸葛亮)은 샹양시의 대표적인 역사 인물이다. 이 때 문에 후베이성 샹양시의 후베이 문리대학교(湖北文理大學校)는 중국 국가 정책의 지원을 받아 우한시 호한 회사(武漢浩瀚公司)와 함께 2019년 3월 제갈량을 주인공으로 한 애니메이션 파일럿 필름 제작을 마쳤다. 본 논문은 〈와룡출산〉의 파일럿 필름 장면 제작에 대한 연구 결과로써 2D 기법과 3D 기법을 활용한 장면별 선, 색, 빛의 방향에 대한 연구, 그리고 애니메이션 예고편 파일럿 필름에 활용한 중국 수묵채색화 양식에 대한 연구와 분석의 결과이다. 본 연구의 결과는 세 가지이다. 첫 번째, 애니메이션 제작의 과정에서 장면이 중용되는 부분이다. 두 번째, 복잡한 애니메이션 장면 제작, 2D 기술과 3D 기법의 결합이 좋은 방법이다. 세 번째, 선, 색, 빛의 방향을 통해 애니메이션의 장면을 잘 분석할 수 있고, 중국 수묵채색화 양식은 애니메이션 작품의 중국적 특색을 부각시킬 수 있었다는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 〈와룡출산〉의 90분 장편 애니메이션을 완성할 수 있는 장면 기법에 대한 준비 를 마쳤고, 이 과정에서 장면 디자인에 필요한 선, 색, 빛의 방향 및 중국 수묵채색화에 대한 제작 과정을 분야별로 분석하였으며, 이를 통해, 애니메이션 장면 디자인에 대한 연구 결과와 이론적 근거를 마련하였다. 현대의 디지털 문화의 발전에 따라 애니메이션의 보급은 후베이성 샹양시의 관련된 산업 발전을 촉진할 수 있다. 이러한 시대적 배경에서 〈와룡출산〉 애니메이션 장면 제작은 샹양을 홍보하고 문화의 중요한 역할을 하는 창작의 종합적인 작업이었다. Xiangyang City is the second largest city in Hubei Province, in northwestern Hubei Province, China, with a history of more than 2,800 years. Xiangyang City is the main source of Chu culture, Han culture, and Three Kingdoms culture. Zhu Geliang, a teacher of the Three Kingdoms Period, is a representative historical figure of Xiangyang City. For this reason, Hubei University of arts and seience in Xiangyang City, Hubei Province, completed the production of Zhu Geliang’s 〈Wolong out of the mountain〉 Pilot File in March 2019 with the support of the Chinese National Policy. This paper is a study of line, color, and light orientation by scene using 2D and 3D techniques as a result of the study of pilot film scene production in 〈Wolong out of the mountain〉. It is also the result of research and analysis on Chinese inkand-wash coloring style used in the pilot film of animation. There are three results derived from this study. First, the scene is important in the animation production process. Second, there are good methods to complex animation scene production that combination of 2D technology and 3D techniques. Third, lines, colors, and the direction of light can analyze the scene of an animation very well. The Chinese ink-and-wash coloring style was able to highlight the Chinese characteristics of the animation. Through the study, it is prepared a scene technique to complete a 90-minute long animation of 〈Wolong out of the mountain〉. In this process, the production process of lines, colors, direction of light, and Chinese ink-and-wash coloring was analyzed by field, and through this, research results and theoretical basis for animation scene design are provided. With the development of modern digital culture, the spread of animation can promote the development of related industries in Xiangyang City, Hubei Province. Against this backdrop, the production of the 〈Wolong out of the mountain〉 animation scene was a comprehensive work of creation that promoted Xiangyang City and played an important role in culture.

Total ginsenosides suppress monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats: involvement of nitric oxide and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

Qin, Na,Yang, Wei,Feng, Dongxu,Wang, Xinwen,Qi, Muyao,Du, Tianxin,Sun, Hongzhi,Wu, Shufang The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.3

Background: Ginsenosides have been shown to exert beneficial pharmacological effects on the central nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. We sought to determine whether total ginsenosides (TG) inhibit monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods: MCT-intoxicated rats were treated with gradient doses of TG, with or without $N^G$-nitro-$\small{L}$-arginine methyl ester. The levels of molecules involving the regulation of nitric oxide and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways were determined. Results: TG ameliorated MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension in a dose-dependent manner, as assessed by the right ventricular systolic pressure, the right ventricular hypertrophy index, and pulmonary arterial remodeling. Furthermore, TG increased the levels of pulmonary nitric oxide, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Lastly, TG increased mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 expression and promoted the dephosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2. Conclusion: TG attenuates MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension, which may involve in part the regulation of nitric oxide and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

“통일 목회”의 당위성, 그리고 이를 위한 “조선족”의 가치와 역할에 관한 연구

신동욱(Shen, Dongxu),양현표(Yang, Peter Hyunphyo) 신학지남사 2020 신학지남 Vol.87 No.2

한민족이 70여 년 동안 분단 된 것은 아픈 역사이다. 그렇기에 분단된 한반도의 통일은 한민족 모두의 소원이다. 그렇기에 지금은 통일을 열망하는 시대라 할 수 있으며, 이 시대의 교회의 중요한 목회가 “통일 목회”라 할 수 있다. 필자는 이 논문에서 한국 교회가 지향해야만 하는 통일 목회에 대한 정의와 통일 목회의 당위성, 그리고 통일 목회에 있어서 “조선족”의 가치와 역할이 무엇인지를 연구했다. “통일 목회”에 대한 명확한 정의가 아직 확립되어 있지 않다. 통일 목회에 대한 전문가들의 정의가 하나로 수렴되지 않았기 때문이다. 따라서 필자는 몇몇 전문가들의 통일 목회에 대한 개별적 정의를 살펴보고 그것들의 약점을 분석했다. 그리고 개혁주의 신학에 기초한 통일 목회의 정의를 시도하였다. 필자는 “왜 한국 교회는 통일 목회 사역을 수행해야 하는가? 하나님께서는 통일을 어떻게 보시는가? 성경은 통일에 대해 무엇이라고 말하고 있는가? 통일 목회 사역이 어떻게 교회의 필수적인 사명과 관련이 있는가?” 등의 질문에 답함으로 통일 목회 사역의 당위성을 찾았다. 또한, 필자는 통일 목회를 위해 조선족의 가치와 역할은 무엇인지를 연구했다. 통일 목회의 대상에는 남북한 주민 8천만과 재외동포 700만이 포함된다. 이 재외동포에는 조선족이 포함되어 있다. 조선족이 특별한 통일 목회 대상이자 한반도 통일과 북한 선교를 위한 도구가 되는 이유는 조선족의 정체성과 그들의 역사 그리고 그들만의 독특한 선교자원 때문이다. 많은 한국 교회들이 통일 목회 사역을 하나님의 부르심으로 깨닫고, 그것을 시대의 사명으로 받아들여야 한다. 또한, 입양 아동과도 같은 “조선족”이야말로 한반도 통일을 위해 준비된 자원임을 인식하여 이들을 위해 사역하고 이들과 협력한다면 북한 선교와 한반도 통일 선교에 크게 유익할 것이다. Unification of the Korean Peninsula is the hope of all Koreans. It has been a heartbreaking history for over 70 years since the division of the nation and the nation. If there is the most important issue in the history of division, it is probably “unification”. Therefore, it is not wrong to say that the Korean Peninsula, which has walked to this day with a wish for unification, lives in the era of unification. And the Korean church pastoring in this era of unification is doing unification pastoral ministry. Today, the Korean church should pay attention to unification pastoral ministry. As a “Joseonjog,” I hope the South and the North Korea will be unified. At the same time, as a pastor, I hope to minister to the unification of the Korean Peninsula. So I began to study the definition of the “unification pastoral ministry,” the justification of unification pastoral ministry, and what the value and role of “Joseonjog” in unification pastoral ministry is. Unfortunately, there is no unified definition of the “unification pastoral ministry.” This seems to be because experts’ definition of unification pastoral ministry has not converged into one. As a result of analyzing the various definitions of several experts on the unification pastoral ministry, I found that there are some weaknesses in the areas of ministry and the essential mission of the church. Therefore, based on Reformed theology, I intend to unify and define aspects such as God’s sovereignty, the essential mission of the church, the realization of the kingdom of God, and the orientation to world mission with NK mission. And, why should the Korean church conduct the unification pastoral ministry? This can be obtained in part from the definition of the unification pastoral ministry, but it is not enough. Therefore, it is necessary to examine whether there is a biblical basis for discussing the justification of the unification pastoral ministry. “How does God view unification?” and “What does the Bible say about unification?” proves how the unification pastoral ministry is related to the essential mission of the church. Furthermore, it will show what the current situation on the Korean Peninsula is and how North Korea is making changes. Through this, it is expected that the Korean church will accept the unification pastoral mission. In addition, through the unification pastoral ministry, I would like to share what the value and role of the “Joseonjog” is, thinking about “what important role will the ”Joseonjog“ play in North and South Korea.” In the unification pastoral ministry, 80 million Koreans living in South and North must be the main target for the ministry. And we must not forget that all 7 million overseas compatriots wish for unification of the two Koreas. However, if you look at the reason why the “Joseonjog” is the object of a special unification ministry here, it is because the identity and history of “Joseonjog,” and their own mission resources have unique characteristics that no other oversea Koreans have. Through this paper, I hope that more Korean churches can realize the unification pastoral ministry as God’s calling and accept it as the mission of the times. In addition, I hope that the “Joseonjog,” such as an adopted child, will be recognized as a resource for unification pastoral ministry and North Korean mission that God has prepared for unification of the Korean Peninsula. I believe that if we mission to these people, minister to them, and cooperate with them, we will glorify God through North Korean mission and the unification of the Korean Peninsula.

Polyethylenimine Grafted Chitosan Nanofiber Membrane as Adsorbent for Selective Elimination of Anionic Dyes

Xinwen Gong,Dongxue Yang,Nannan Wang,Shian Sun,Jun Nie,Guiping Ma 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.10

In order to improve the adsorption capacity of chitosan to organic dyes, the amino rich functionalized chitosanelectrospun nanofibers membrane was prepared. In the process of high efficiency synthesis, PGMA and PEI were grafted onthe surface of CS NFMs in turn. By means of XRD, ATR-FTIR and XPS, the successful introduction of amino group into CSwas confirmed. The selective adsorption capacity of CS-PGMA-PEI NFMs for anionic dyes was studied. The adsorptionkinetics analysis shows that the adsorption process of CS-PGMA-PEI NFMs is mainly pseudo second-order model. Itsadsorption isotherms can be described by the Langmuir model and it conforms to monolayer adsorption. The maximumadsorption capacity of Congo red calculated by Langmuir model is 657.47 mg/g. CS-PGMA-PEI NFMs has selectiveadsorption capacity for Congo red/methylene blue mixture. CS-PGMA-PEI NFMs also showed good circulation stability. This study provides a method for the synthesis of water purification membrane.

Expression and Significance of MicroRNA155 in Serum of Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Guo, Ying,Li, Dongxue,Li, Jiapei,Yang, Nan,Wang, Deyun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.4

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the changes and significance of microRNA155 levels in serum of patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods : Thirty patients with CSVD who met the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into eight patients with lacunar infarction (LI) group and 22 patients with multiple lacunar infarction (MLI) combined with white matter lesions (WML) group according to the results of head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thirty samples from healthy volunteers without abnormalities after head MRI examination were selected as the control group. The levels of serum microRNA155 in each group were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the correlation between microRNA155 in the serum of patients with CSVD and the increase of imaging lesions was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results : Compared with the control group, the serum microRNA155 level in the LI group, MLI combined with WML group increased, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05); serum microRNA155 level was positively correlated with the increase of imaging lesions (p<0.05). Conclusion : The change of serum microRNA155 level in patients with CSVD may be one of its self-protection mechanisms, and the intensity of this self-protection mechanism is positively correlated with the number of CSVD lesions.