당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

불응성 자가면역질환에서의 자가조혈모세포이식

민도준,양동원,민창기,김완욱,이상헌,박성환,김동욱,이종욱,조철수,민우성,김범생,김호연,김춘추 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2001 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.6 No.1

배경: 기존의 치료에 불응하고 예후가 불량한 자가면역질환 환자들에게 최근 고용량 면역억제 및 조혈모 세포이식이 새로운 치료방법으로 대두되고 있다. 저자들은 다발성 경화증(multiple sclerosis, MS) 및 류마티스 관절염(rheumatoid arthritis, RA) 등 2명의 자가면역질환 환자들에서 자가조혈모세포 이식을 시행하였다. 방법: 말초혈액 조혈모세포 가동화를 위하여 cyclophosphamide (4 g/㎡) 및 granulocyte colony stimulating factor (10 g/kg/day)를 투여하였고, CD34+ 세포를 분리·채집 하였다, 이식 전처치로 MS 환자에서 BEAM 및 antihymocyte globulin (ATG) (3.75 mg/kg), RA 환자에서 fludarabine (180 mg/㎡), ATG (10 mg/kg)와 busulfan (8 mg/kg)을 투여하였다. 결과: 호중구 수가 500/㎕ 이상으로 회복되는 기간은 MS 환자에서 9일, RA 환자에서 15일이었다. 혈소판이 20.000/㎕ 이상으로 회복되는 가간은 RA 환자에서 9일 이었고, MS 환자에서는 혈소판 감소증이 발생하지 않았다. 비혈액학적 독성으로 MS 환자에서 WHO 1도의 오심 및 점막염이 관찰되었다. MS 환자는 이식 6개월 후까지 시력감소가 남아있었으나, 이식전에 관찰되던 감각이상 및 운동장애 등의 신경학적 이상 소견은 더 이상 관찰되지 않았다. RA 환자는 이식 1개월 후 관절 증상 및 검사소견의 호전을 보였다. 결론: 불응성 자가면역질환 환자에서 고용량 면역억제 및 조혈모세포이식은 적은 독성으로 높은 치료효과를 기대할수 있으며, 향후 이 시술의 임상적 의의를 규명하기 위하여 전향적이고 장기적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: High-dose immunosuppressive therapy followed by autologous hemathpoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been proposed as a new approach to treat severe, refractory autoimmune diseases. We describe two patients with refractory autoimmune diseases (one multiple sclerosis 〔MS〕and one rheumatoid arthritis〔RA〕) who underwent T-cell-depleted autologous peripheral bleed stem cell transplantation for the first time in Korea. Methods: We mobilized autologous stem cells with cyclophisphamide (4 g/㎡) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (10 ㎍/kg/day). Stem cells were enriched ex vivo using CD34-positive immunoselection and reinfused after high-dose chemotherapy with BEAM and antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (3.75 mg/kg) in MS, or fludarabine (180 mg/㎡), ATG (10 mg/kg) and busulfan (8 mg/kg) in RA. Results: The engraftment with an absolute nerutrophil count greater than 500㎕ occurred on day 9 in MS and 15 in RA, respectively. The time to nontransfused platelet count greater than 2.000/㎕ was 9 day in RA. MS patient did not show ant episode of thrombocytopenia. Regimen-related non-hematopoietic toxicity was minimal. For 6 months since HSCT, them patient with MS had been free from previously existed sensory and motor abnormalities except decreased visual acuity. Then patient with RA and only one tender joint and two mildly swollen joints with improvement in laboratory parameters at one month after HSCT. Conclusion: These results underscore the feasibility and potential efficacy of intensive immunosuppression followed by autologous HSCT for treatment of intractable autoimmune diseases. The durability of remission, however, remains to be clarified.

Wiskott-Aldrich 증후군 환아의 증례보고

이연주,현홍근,장철호,김영재,김정욱,장기택,김종철,한세현,이상훈 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.3

多排卵과 受精卵 移植에 의한 젖소 産乳能力의 遺傳的 變化에 관한 硏究

金哲旭 진주산업대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

최근 수정란 이식기술이 발달됨에 따라 능력이 특히 우수한 젖소로부터 짧은 기간에 우수한 독우를 많이 생산할 수 있게 되었다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 다배란과 수정란 이식(multiple ovulation and embryo transfer, MOET)에 의한 육종계획을 수립하고자 하였다. 다배란과 수정란 이식에 의한 육종계획을 수립함에 있어서 세대간격이 약 1.83년인 MOET 1과 약 3.67년인 MOET 2 방법을 설정하고 computer model simulation을 이용하여 암소와 수소 선발을 dam, full-sibs, half-sibs의 비유정보, 그리고 혈연정보를 첨가한 selection index에 의해 실시하여 가장 우수한 선발방법을 구명하고자 하였으며, 실제 가능한 여러 가지 조합에서 젖소 산유 능력의 유전적 변화량과 근친율을 분석하였고, 그리고 년간 수정란 이식수의 증가에 따른 MOET 1과 MOET 2방법의 효율적인 활용범위를 결정하였다. 산유량의 유전력 25%, 숫소당 공란우 수 20마리, 공란우당 수정란 이식수 20개로 설정한 경우에서 dam Ⅰ, dam Ⅱ, dam Ⅰ+ dam Ⅱ의 기록, 그리고 selection index에 의해 암소와 숫소를 선발할 경우의 선발효과를 비교한 바, selection index로 선발하는 group에서 년간 유전변화량이 가장 우수하였다. 그리고 숫소의 선발 두수는 half-sib당 1마리 선발하는 경우에 유전적 변화량이 가장 높았다. 선발지수에 의한 선발 효과에 있어서 근친율을 고려하지 않을 경우에 MOET 2방법보다 MOET 1방법에서 유전적 변화량이 더 증가하였고, 숫소 당 공란우 수가 많아지고 공란우 당 수정란 이식 수가 많아짐에 따라 유전적 변화량이 높아지는 경향이었고, 또한 수태율과 생존율이 높아짐에 따라 유전적 변화량이 증가되는 경향이었다. 그리고 유전력이 30%일 때의 유전적 변화량은 유전력이 20%일 때보다는 약 36%, 그리고 유전력이 25%일 때 보다는 약 17%나 더 증가되어 유전력이 높아질수록 유전력 변화량이 높아지는 경향이었다. 그리고 유전적 변화량의 증가는 MOET 2보다는 MOET 1에서 더 빠르게 나타났다. 암소와 수소 선발을 MOET 2보다 MOET 1방법에 따라 실시할 때 근친율은 약 4배나 더 증가되었고, 수태율×생존율이 높아짐에 따라, 그리고 공란우두수와 공란우당 수정란 이식수가 증가함에 따라 근친율이 높아진 경향이었다. 년간 수정란 이식의 증가에 따른 MOET 1과 MOET 2방법의 효율적인 활용 범위는 유전력 25%, 수태율 60%, 생존율 80%, 수소당 공란우수 20마리, 그리고 공란우당 수정란 이식수 20개로 설정할 경우에 inbreeding depression을 보정한 유전적 변화량을 평가하면, 년간 수정란 이식수가 약 5,000개 이내 일때는 MOET 2방법에서, 그리고 약 5,000개 이내 일때는 MOET 1방법에서 유전적변화가 더 높았다. MOET 1과 MOET 2의 최대 유전적 개량량은 각각 3.786% 및 3.492%로서 이에 도달되려면 년간 수정란 이식수가 약 50,000개에 도달해야하는 것으로 추정되었다. 년간 수정란 이식수에 따른 MOET 1과 MOET 2의 효율적인 활용범위는 대체적으로 숫소당 공란우 수와 공란우당 수정란 이식수가 적고, 수태율과 생존율이 낮을 경우에는 MOET 1방법을 활용하고, 다배란과 수정란 이식기술의 발달로 숫소당 공란우수와 공란우당 수정란 이식수가 많아지고, 수태율과 생존율이 높아질 때 MOET 2방법을 활용하는 것이 젖소 산유능력을 개량하는데 가장 효율적인 개량방법이 될 것이다. 그리고 숫소당 공란우 수가 10마리, 공란우당 수정란 이식수가 8개, 수태율 70%, 생존율 70%까지 조합에서는 년간 수정란 이식 수의 증가에 관계없이 MOET 1방법이 효율적이었고, 숫소 당 공란우수가 20마리, 공란우당 수정란 이식수가 40개, 수태율 50%, 생존율 70%이상인 조합에서는 년간 수정란 이식수에 관계없이 MOET 2방법이 더 우수하였다. 숫소당 공란우수가 40마리, 공란우당 수정란 이식 수가 20개, 수태율 60%, 생존율 90%이상인 조합에서는 년간 수정란 이식 수에 관계없이 MOET 2방법이 젖소 산유 능력을 개량시키는데 보다 효율적인 방법으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 본 연구의 결과로 미루어 보건대, 앞으로 다배란과 수정란 이식 기술이 발달되어 인공수정처럼 일반화되어진다면 다배란과 수정란 이식에 의한 젖소 개량 방법은 젖소를 개량하는 어떤 육종방법보다는 우수한 육종방법으로 평가되어 젖소 개량에 크게 기여할 수 있을 것이라고 생각한다. Thanks to the recent technical development of embryo transfer, it has become possible to produce many good offsprings from the genetically superior dairy cattle in a relatively short period. With the help of this technical development, it has been required to establish a breeding plan by use of multiple ovulation and embryo transfer(MOET). In this study, the generation interval of MOET 1 was designed to be about 1.83 years and that of MOET 2 about 3.67 years. And this study has tried to find the best female and male selection method through the computer model simulation among the methods using dam Ⅰ's lactation records, dam Ⅱ's lactation records, dam Ⅰ+dam Ⅱ's lactation records, and the selection index which includes the lactation records and the relative information: has analyzed through the computer model simulation the genetic change in milk yield and inbreeding rate under the various feasible combinations : and has fixed the relatively more efficient range of MOET 1 or MOET 2 breeding schemes according to the number of annual embryos transferred. Under the condition that the heritability for milk yield is 25% the number of donors per male is 20, and the number of embryos transferred per donor is 20, the efficiency of selection effects by dam Ⅰ, dam Ⅱ, dam Ⅰ+dam Ⅱ's lactation records, and the selection index was compared among them, the annual genetic change by the selection index was the greatest. And the genectic change was found to be greater than that from selection schemes of 2 males per half-sib or 1 or 2 males per full-sib when one male per half-sib is selected. When the inbreeding depression was not considered in the effect of the selection by the selection index, the genetic change in MOET 1 scheme was greater than that in MOET 2 scheme ; the larger becomes the number of embryos transferred per donor, the greater the genetic change ; the higher becomes the value of the conception rate × the survival rate, the greater the genetic change. When the heritability was assumed to be 30%, the genetic change was estimted to be about 36% greater than when h was 20%, and about 17% greater than when h was 25%. So it could be concluded that the greater genetic change result from the higher heritable traits in this breeding scheme. And the genetic change increased more rapidly in MOET 1 than in MOET 2. The inbreeding rate of the group selected by MOET 1 breeding scheme was found 4 times higher than that by MOET 2. The higher becomes the value of the conception rate × the survival rate, and the larger the number of donors and the embryos transferred per donor, the higher the inbreeding rate tends to become. Under the condition that the heritability was assumed to be 25%, the conception rate 60%, the survival rate 80%, the number of donors per male 20, the number of embryos transferred per donor 20, the annual genetic gain after the inbreeding depression was corrected, was higher in MOET 2 breeding scheme when the number of annual embryos transferred was smaller than 5,000; when the number was larger than 5,000 a higher annual genetic gain was avilable from MOET 1 breeding scheme. The maximum genetic gains were estimated to be 3.786% and 3.492% from MOET 1 and MOET 2 scheme, respectively, when the number of annual embryos transferred reached about 50,000 in both the scheme. In the combinations where the number of donors per male and embryos transferred per donor was small and the conception rate and the survival rate were low, MOET 1 breeding scheme was more effective genetic change. When the number of donors per male and embryos transferred per donor(could be larger and the conception rate and the survival rate higher) thourgh the improved technology for multiple ovulation and embryo transfer, MOET 2 was considered to be the more effective scheme in improving the milk yield of dairy cattle. And in the combinations where the number of donors per male was 10, the number of embryos transferred per donor was 8, and both the conception rate and the survival rate were lower than 70%, MOET 1 breeding scheme was considered to be more effective regardless of the number of annual embryos transferred. In the combinations where the number of donors per male was 20, the number of embryos transferred per donor was 40, the conception rate was higher than 50%, and the survival rate was higher than 70%, however, MOET 2 breeding scheme was found more effective regardless of the number of annual embryos transferred, and also in the combinations where the donors per male were 40, the embryos transferred per donor were 20, the conception rate was higher than 60%, and the survival rate was higher than 90%, without regard to the number of annual embryos transferred, MOET 2 was found to be more effective scheme for improving the milk yield of dairy cattle. From the findings of this study, it could be concluded that if the technology for multiple ovulation and embryo transfer be developed to be useful as A1 technique in dairy breeding, the breeding scheme using MOET and selection index will be avilable more effectively tnan the conventional progeny testing for the improvement of dairy cattle.

돼지의 仔豚體重間의 相關에 관한 硏究

金哲旭,鄭鉉丞 진주산업대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

本 硏究는 慶尙南道 種畜場에서 1982年부터 1983年까지 2年間 分娩한 Landrace, Berkshire 및 Yorkshire種의 仔豚 總 2,498頭에 대한 仔豚體重成績을 근거로 SPSS Package Program을 이용하여 品種, 産次, 分娩季節, 姙娠期間 및 性別에 따라 仔豚體重間의 相關係數를 推定하였던 바 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 品種別 仔豚體重間의 相關에 있어서는 Birkshire種에 있어서 生時體重과 21日齡體重間의 相關係數가 Yorkshire種의 것보다 有意的으로(p<.05)높아 Birkshire種의 仔豚은 生時體重이 무거울수록 21日齡體重이 增加될 수 있는 것 같다. 21日齡體重과 56日齡體重間의 相關係數는 品種間에는 아무런 差異가 없었지만 生時體重보다는 21日齡體重이 56日齡體重과 더 큰 相關이 있었다. 産次別 仔豚體重間의 相關에 있어서는 生時體重과 21日齡體重間의 相關係數는 7産次와 1·4·5·8産次間에는 有意的인(p<.05) 差異가 있었고, 특히 7産次에 있어서 相關係數가 .5118로 生時體重과 21日齡體重間에는 밀접한 相關이 있었다. 21日齡體重과 56日齡體重間의 相關係數는 1産次를 除外한 나머지 産次群에서 모두 높게 나타나 21日齡體重이 무거울수록 56日齡體重이 增加될 수 있는 것 같다. 分娩季節別 生時體重과 21日齡體重·56日齡體重間의 相關係數는 季節間에 아무런 差異가 없었지만 21日齡體重과 56日齡體重間의 相關係數가 가을과 겨울群이 봄과 여름群에서 보다 有意的(p<.05)으로 높았다. 姙娠期間別 仔豚體重間의 相關에 있어서는 生時體重과 21日齡體重間의 相關係數가 110日과 111日群間에서 有意的(p<.05)으로 差異가 있었고 나머지 群에서는 差異가 없었다. 生時體重과 56日齡體重間의 相關係數는 111日과 119日群에서 각각 .6840과 .5935로 다른 群보다 有意的으로 높았고 21日齡體重과 56日齡體重間의 相關係數에서는 112日과 110日群에서 有意的인 差異가 있었고 112日群에서 相關係數가 .7275로서 가장 높았다. 性別에 있어서 生時體重과 21日齡體重, 56日齡體重間의 相關係數가 암컷보다 수컷에서 有意的으로 높게 나타났다. 이상과 같은 結果를 종합적으로 검토해 보면 生時體重은 56日齡體重보다 21日齡體重과 더 相關이 높고 21日齡體重과 56日齡體重間의 더 높은 相關이 있기 때문에 21日齡體重이 무거우면 무거울수록 56日齡體重이 增加되어지는 것으로 생각할 수 있다. This study was conducted to estimate the correlation coefficient between pig weights by breed, parity, farrowing season, duration of pregnancy and sex on the basis of the data obtained from total 2,498 pigs of Landrace, Birkshire and Yorkshire born from 1982 to 1983 at the livestock station, Gyeongsang Nam-do. The data were analyzed by the SPSS package program(Nie, 1975) and Miller's method(1983) and the results obtained were as follows: In correlation coefficients between pig weights by breed, the correlation coefficients between pig weights at birth(PWB) and pig weight at 21 days(PW21) in Birkshire were significantly(p<.05) higher than that in Yorkshire and PW21 in Birkshire seemed to increase more as PWB was heavier. Though the correlation coefficient between PW21 and Pig weight 56days(PW56) was nonsignificant differences(p>.05) between breeds, PW21 was more correlated with PW56 than PWB. In correlation coefficients between pig weights by parity, the correlation coefficient between PWB and PW21 was significant differences(p<.05) between 7th parity and 1, 4, 5 and 8th parity groups, specially the correlation coefficient between PWB and PW21 in the 7th parity group was .5118, and there was the high correlation between PWB and PW21. The correlation coefficient between PW21 and PW56 was high in the other groups except the first parity and PW56 in parity seemed to increase more as PW21 was heavier. In correlation coefficients between pig weights by farrowing season, though the correlation coefficients between PWB and PW21 and PW56 were nonsignificant differences(p>.05), the correlation coefficient between PW21 and PW 56 was significantly(p<.05) higher in the fall and winter-born groups than in the spring and summer born groups. In correlation coefficients between pig weights by duration of pregnancy, the correlation coefficient between PWB and PW21 was significant differences(p<.05) between the 110 days group and the 111 days group and nonsignificant(p>.05) between the other groups. The correlation coefficient between PWB and PW56 was significantly(p<.05) higher with .6840 and .5935 in the 11 days and 119 days groups than in the other groups, and the correlation coefficient between PW21 and PW56 was significant differences(p<.05) between the 112 days group and the 110 days groups. The correlation coefficient in the 112 days group was the highest with .7275. In correlation coefficients between pig weights by sex, the correlation coefficients between PWB and PW21 and PW56 were significantly(p<.05) higher in the male group than in the female group. Specially, PW 21 was more correlated with PW56 than PWB. From the results summarized as above, it could be inferred that PWB be more correlated with PW21 than PW56, and PW56 seem to increase more as PW21 was heavier because there was the more correlation between PW21 and PW56.

Quinlolone 유도체 국소도포에 의한 좌창치료의 임상적 연구

권철욱,노영석,김재홍,조소연,강형철,함정희 大韓臨床藥理學會 1994 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

水稻 移秧前 靑刈作物 栽培에 關한 硏究 : Ⅳ. 窒素施肥水準이 水稻移秧前作 Italian rye grass의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響 Ⅰ. Effects of nitrogen ferilizer application before transplanting rice on the growth and yield of Italian ryegrass

金基元,金哲旭 진주산업대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application before transplanting rice on the height, dry matter yield, green yield and dry matter ratio in Italian rye grass at Department of Daily Science, Jinju Agricultural & Forestry Junior Technical College from Feb., 1982 to July. the same year. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The higher nitrogen fertilizer application level was, the more the height, dry matter yield and green yield was largely superior, but the dry matter ratio was superior when it was low. The effects of it was highly significant(P<.001) differences for the traits studied. 2. The height, dry matter yield and green yield in the second cutting stage was superior but the dry matter ratio was superior in the third cutting stage. 3. The height, dry matter yield and green yield was superior in the N-50kg×the second cutting stage and the dry matter ratio in the N-15kg×the third cutting stage. The above mentioned results suggest that the height, dry matter yield and green yield be superior in the N-high groups and the second cutting stage and the dry matter ratio in the N-low groups and the third cutting stage.

구강악안면영역에서 발생한 편평상피세포암종세포주에서 상피성장인자수용체의 발현 및 돌연변이에 관한 연구

김철환,김경욱 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.2

Carcinogenesis has been considered as multiple stage process of denaturation of gene which control regulation of cell growth. The growth and differentiation of oral mucosal cell is controlled by growth factors which regulate development and differentiation of cell and apoptosis. It is well known that cell growth is not prevented, and secretion or reaction of growth factors is disturded in head and neck carcinoma including oral carcinoma. The epidermal growth factor is a polypeptide with potent mitogenic activitly of 6,045 daltons which has been shown to involve nuclear differentiation by trigger a cascade of intracellular ionic change and morphological transformation that it bind with epidermal growth factor receptor in surface of cells and delivering signal to inside of cells. The epidermal growth factor receptor is 170-kDa transmembrance phosphoglycoprotein. The extracelloular domain is binding site of epidermal growth factor, and intracellular domain possesses intrinsic tyrosine kinase astivity,which the stimulation can lead to autophosphylation of epidermal growth factor receptor and sequences lead to phosphylation of target protein in case of epidermal growth factor bind with target cell surface recrptor. Inrecently, eapression of epidermal growth factor receptor has been detected in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and overexpression of it is proved, and possibility of early markers of carcinogenesis in head and neck is presented. The many studies for the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and relationship between it and prognosis of malignancy in carcinoma of breast or stomach have documented. But, in oral squamous cell carcinoma, the study for difference of amplication and mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor gene between primary carcinoma and merastastic carcinoma is rare. For study on mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor receptor,normal human oral keratinocyte, and cell lines of primary and metastastic oral squamous cell carcinomas were cultured, and then, electrophresis and RT-PCR(Reverse Transcriotion-polymerase Chain Reaction)were oerformed. The results were obstained as follows: The mutation of mRNA of EGF receptor were not detected in all oral squamous carcinoma cell lines. The expression of EGF receptor in oral squamous cell lines expressed 3-7 times higher than that of normal human oral keratinocyte of cytoplasmic domain. and 2-3times higher in extracellular domain. the expression of EGF receptor of cytoplasmic domain more expressed than that of extracellular domain in primary squamous cell line. The expression of EGF receptor in metastastic carcinoma cell lines is similis\ar or underexpressed than that of normal human oral keratinocyte cell lines. the expression of EGF receptor in the primary carcinoma cell lines expressed 2-5 times higher than that of metastastic carcinoma cell lines. From the results obtained in this study, the mutation have not mRNA of EGF receptor in carcinoma cell lines, and EGF receptor was overexpresses in early stage of carcinogemesis, and cytoplasmic domain of EGF receptor have relation with carcinogenesis, and EGF receptor have no relation with metastasis.

慢性 精神病棟 入院患者의 藥物服用狀態에 對한 調査

金哲應,孫鎭旭 서울대학교 의과대학 정신과학교실 1983 精神醫學報 Vol.7 No.8

항정신병약물을 투여 받은 정신분열병환자의 체중,BMI,및 혈장 Leptin 농도의 변화

김재종,변기욱,김봉조,손진욱,박철수 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

Objective : Weight gain is a major side elect of treatment with newer antipsychotics. The mechanism, however, of weight gain is poorly understood. Recent researches suggested that there is a positive relationship between the levels of plasma leptin and the weight gains of the schizophrenic patients receiving the antipsychotics. This study was conducted to verify, firstly, the effect of the use of olanzapine and haloperidol on the weight gain, BMI, and the change of plasma leptin concentration and to find, secondly, whether there is any co-relationship between the plasma leptin level and the antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Method : 18 male schizophrenia inpatients were divided into two groups receiving olanzapine(N=8) or haloperidol(N=10) treatment and weight, BMI and plasma leptin level were measured weely over 5 weeks. Prior to the whole measurements, and patients were curtailed all diet from 21:00 of the previous day and the blood samples were collected at 8:00 and 8:15 in the morning. Results : In schizophrenic patients receiving olanzapine, significant increases in weight and BMI were found from the second week of medication, while those of the plasma leptin levels were shown from third week. In schizophrenic patients receiving haloperidol, no significant increases in the measurements were found for the 5 weeks of medication period. There was a close co-relationship between the plasma leptin concentration and the body weight increases. The weight gains were initiated from the second week of medication while the increases of plasma leptin concentration were started from the third week. The weight gains were followed by the continuative increases in plasma leptin levels for up to 5 weeks. Conclusion : Medication of olanzapine appears to be associated with an increase in weight, BMI, and plasma leptin level, whereas that of haloperidol does not. From the results observed the following suggestion could be made that most probable reason for olanzapine-induced increases in leptin levels are weight gain.