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Step-size adaptive parametric level set method for structural topology optimization
Chen-Dong Yang,Jian-Hu Feng,Ya-Dong Shen 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.10
In the structural topology optimization (STO), the step-size of the parametric level set method (PLSM) using the explicit scheme must satisfy the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition to ensure numerical stability. However, much larger step-sizes are arbitrarily used to speed up the convergence. For this reason, a narrowband in the velocity field is defined, and the step-size adaptive parametric level set method (SAPLSM) is proposed, which multiplies different step-sizes for the velocity of different nodes. The SAPLSM satisfies the CFL condition not only on the narrowband, but also on the entire design domain. Furthermore, a narrowband annealing (NA) scheme based on “annealing” is proposed to dynamically adjust the maximum step-size during the iterations. Numerical experimental results of several benchmark problems in two-dimensional minimum compliance show that: (1) The SAPLSM is more stable than PLSM under large step-sizes and complex problems. (2) The NA scheme not only accelerates the convergence of SAPLSM but also alleviates mesh dependence.
Chen, Zhong-Yang,Kim, Myong-Hak,Choh, Suk-Joo,Lee, Dong-Jin,Chen, Xu Elsevier 2016 Palaeoworld Vol.25 No.3
<P>The Xiazhen Formation is an Upper Ordovician lithostratigraphic unit in the Jiangshan-Changshan-Yushan (JCY) area, which contains series of Late Ordovician reef successions. The reef successions of the Xiazhen Formation at Zhuzhai are critical for evaluation of the Late Ordovician marine diversity and palaeoecology. However, their age has long been uncertain and generally is regarded as of upper Katian, based on the occurrences of shelly fossils and correlation with the stratigraphic equivalent Changwu Formation. The newly discovered graptolite species Anticostia uniformis, in the Xiazhen Formation, together with the combined evidence of brachiopods and sedimentology, indicates an age range for the graptolite locality from the Dicellograptus complanatus Biozone to the Diceratograptus mirus Subzone of late Katian, but the graptolites do not rule out the possibility that it is Hirnantian. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. and Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS. All rights reserved.</P>
Dong Dong Zhang,Yang Fang Wu,Wei Xia Chen,Yao Xu,Si Yan Liu,Huang Huang Luo,Guang Mei Jiang,Yue Wu,Peng Hu 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-
Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) occurs as early as chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 2 and seems ubiquitous in almost all pediatric patients with CKD stage 5. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23, a bone-derived endocrine regulator of phosphate homeostasis, is overexpressed in CKD and disturbs osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization. In contrast, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) acts as a potent positive regulator of bone growth. In the present study, we infused CNP into uremic rats and observed whether CNP could attenuate ROD through the inhibition of FGF-23 cascades. In uremic rats, CNP administration significantly alleviated renal dysfunction, calcium phosphate metabolic disorders, hypovitaminosis D, secondary hyperparathyroidism, the decrease in bone turnover markers and retarded bone pathological progression. More importantly, within FGF-23/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, Klotho and alternative (STAT-1/phospho-STAT-1) elements were upregulated by CNP, whereas FGF-23, RAF-1/phospho-RAF-1, and downstream (ERK/phospho-ERK and P38/phospho-P38) elements were paradoxically underexpressed in bone tissue. Therefore, CNP exerts a therapeutic effect on ROD through inhibition of FGF-23/MAPK signaling at the RAF-1 level.
Experimental Study on Inhibition Effects of the XAF1 Gene against Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation
Yang, Wen-Tao,Chen, Dong-Lai,Zhang, Fu-Quan,Xia, Ying-Chen,Zhu, Rong-Ying,Zhou, Duan-Shan,Chen, Yong-Bing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18
Objective: To investigate the effect of high expression of XAF1 in vivo or in vitro on lung cancer cell growth and apoptosis. Methods: 1. The A549 human lung cancer cell line was transfected with Ad5/F35 - XAF1, or Ad5/F35 - Null at the same multiplicity of infection (MOI); (hereinafter referred to as transient transfected cell strain); XAF1 gene mRNA and protein expression was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting respectively. 2. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis before and after infection of Ad5/F35 - XAF1 with Western blotting for apoptosis related proteins, caspase 3, caspase - 8 and PARP. 3. After the XAF1 gene was transfected into lung cancer A549 cells by lentiviral vectors, and selected by screening with Blasticidin, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were applied to detect mRNA and protein expression, to establish a line with a stable high expression of XAF1 (hereinafter referred to as stable expression cell strain). Twenty nude mice were randomly divided into groups A and B, 10 in each group: A549/XAF1 stable expression cell strain was subcutaneously injected in group A, and A549/Ctrl stable cell line stable expression cell strain in group B (control group), to observe transplanted tumor growth in nude mice. Results: The mRNA and protein expression of XAF1 in A549 cells transfected by Ad5/F35 - XAF1 was significantly higher than in the control group. XAF1 mediated by adenovirus vector demonstrated a dose dependent inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. This was accompanied by cleavage of caspase -3, -8, -9 and PARP, suggesting activation of intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways. A cell strain of lung cancer highly expressing XAF1 was established, and this demonstrated delayed tumor growth after transplantation in vivo. Conclusion: Adenovirus mediated XAF1 gene expression could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells in vitro; highly stable expression of XAF1 could also significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mouse, with no obvious adverse reactions observed. Therefore, the XAF1 gene could become a new target for lung cancer treatment.
Design procedure for modal controllers for defective and nearly defective systems
Chen, Yu Dong,Chen, Su Huan,Yang, Guang Techno-Press 2003 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.15 No.5
This paper presents a procedure for designing feedback controllers for defective systems with repeated eigenvalues, and also for a nearly defective system with close eigenvalues. For the nearly defective system, we first transform it into a defective one, and then apply the same method to deal with the nearly defective system. A method for computing the gain matrices is discussed here. The methodologies proposed are based on the modal coordinate equation to avoid the tedious mathematical manipulation. As an application of the present procedure, a numerical example is given.
( Chen Chen ),( Ming Zhong Sun ),( Shu Qing Liu ),( Dong Mei Yeh ),( Li Jun Yu ),( Yang Song ),( Lin Lin Gong ),( Li Hong Hao ),( Jun Hu ),( Shu Juan Shao ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.8
Smad4 is involved in cancer progression and metastasis. Using a pair of human syngeneic epithelial ovarian cancer cells with low (HO-8910) and high (HO-8910PM) metastatic abilities, we aimed to reveal the role of Smad4 in ovarian cancer metastasis in vitro. Smad4 was down-regulated in HO-8910PM cell line relative to HO-8910 by implicating Smad4 was probably a potential tumor suppressor gene for ovarian cancer. Re-expression of Smad4 decreased the migration ability and inhibited the invasion capacity of HO-8910PM, while promoted the cell adhesion capacity for HO-8910PM. The stable expression of Smad4 increased the expression of E-cadherin, reduced the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and slightly down-regulated the expression of VEGF. Smad4 suppresses human ovarian cancer cell metastasis potential through its effect on the expressions of PAI-1, E-cadherin and VEGF. Results from current work implicate Smad4 might suppress the invasion and metastasis of human ovarian tumor cells through a TGF-β/Smad-mediated pathway. [BMB reports 2010; 43(8): 554-560]
Removal of the Glycosylation of Prion Protein Provokes Apoptosis in SF126
Chen, Lan,Yang, Yang,Han, Jun,Zhang, Bao-Yun,Zhao, Lin,Nie, Kai,Wang, Xiao-Fan,Li, Feng,Gao, Chen,Dong, Xiao-Ping,Xu, Cai-Min Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.5
Although the function of cellular prion protein (PrP$^C$) and the pathogenesis of prion diseases have been widely described, the mechanisms are not fully clarified. In this study, increases of the portion of non-glycosylated prion protein deposited in the hamster brains infected with scrapie strain 263K were described. To elucidate the pathological role of glycosylation profile of PrP, wild type human PrP (HuPrP) and two genetic engineering generated non-glycosylated PrP mutants (N181Q/N197Q and T183A/T199A) were transiently expressed in human astrocytoma cell line SF126. The results revealed that expressions of non-glycosylated PrP induced significantly more apoptosis cells than that of wild type PrP. It illustrated that Bcl-2 proteins might be involved in the apoptosis pathway of non-glycosylated PrPs. Our data highlights that removal of glycosylation of prion protein provokes cells apoptosis.
Yang Yang,Xinyu Chen,Liping Ran,Yunfei Wu,Xurun Yu,Zhaodi Dong,Fei Xiong 한국식물학회 2019 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.62 No.4
The development of protein bodies (PBs) determinesthe processing properties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Ithas been known that nitrogen uptake has a strong impact ongrain protein concentration. However, the differences of theformation of PB in different developmental stages anddifferent positions in wheat endosperm are still controversial. To solve these issues, PBs formation in different wheatendosperm parts and the response to nitrogen were investigatedusing light, transmission electron microscopes in presentstudy. The main results were as follows. (1) Proteins mainlyformed PBs via the Golgi apparatus in the vacuole at theearly stage of wheat endosperm development. After 7 dayspost anthesis, most proteins were derived from the roughendoplasmic reticulum. (2) The morphology of PBs was diverseamong different endosperm parts. Compared with the centralendosperm, the PBs in sub-aleurone cells were abundant andlarge. (3) More abundant endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi andmitochondrion were observed at the early stage after nitrogentreatment. Nitrogen also increased the accumulation of PBsat the later stage. (4) The sub-aleurone region cells of theendosperm presented more significant responses to nitrogenthan the central endosperm.
Dynamic mechanism of HIV replication inhibitor peptide encapsulated into carbon nanotubes
Bao-Dong Chen,Chuan-Lu Yang,Jun-Sheng Yang,Mei-Shan Wang,Xiao-Guang Ma 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.6
Biomolecules encapsulated in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much interest and facilitated exciting opportunities for biological and biomedical applications of CNTs. Understanding the fundamental interaction and change in biomolecules during encapsulation is indispensable but remains a challenge for both theoretical and experimental investigations. This paper focuses on the interaction between HIV replication inhibitor peptide (HRIP) and CNTs in a neutral solution with molecular dynamics simulation. We observed that HRIP spontaneously inserts into the CNTs and oscillates around the center of the tube, where the non-covalent interaction is minimum. The effects of the diameters of the CNTs on HRIP were investigated. The optimal diameter of the CNT that can provide the most effective encapsulation and causes minimum conformational change in HRIP was found. The present results provide valuable insights in the understanding of nanoscale drug delivery using CNT-based devices.