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Seismic response of current RC buildings in Kathmandu Valley
Chaulagain, Hemchandra,Rodrigues, Hugo,Spacone, Enrico,Varum, Humberto Techno-Press 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.4
RC buildings constitute the prevailing type of construction in earthquake-prone region like Kathmandu Valley. Most of these building constructions were based on conventional methods. In this context, the present paper studied the seismic behaviour of existing RC buildings in Kathmandu Valley. For this, four representative building structures with different design and construction, namely a building: (a) representing the non-engineered construction (RC1 and RC2) and (b) engineered construction (RC3 and RC4) has been selected for analysis. The dynamic properties of the case study building models are analyzed and the corresponding interaction with seismic action is studied by means of non-linear analyses. The structural response measures such as capacity curve, inter-storey drift and the effect of geometric non-linearities are evaluated for the two orthogonal directions. The effect of plan and vertical irregularity on the performance of the structures was studied by comparing the results of two engineered buildings. This was achieved through non-linear dynamic analysis with a synthetic earthquake subjected to X, Y and $45^{\circ}$ loading directions. The nature of the capacity curve represents the strong impact of the P-delta effect, leading to a reduction of the global lateral stiffness and reducing the strength of the structure. The non-engineered structures experience inter-storey drift demands higher than the engineered building models. Moreover, these buildings have very low lateral resistant, lesser the stiffness and limited ductility. Finally, a seismic safety assessment is performed based on the proposed drift limits. Result indicates that most of the existing buildings in Nepal exhibit inadequate seismic performance.
Seismic response of current RC buildings in Kathmandu Valley
Hemchandra Chaulagain,Hugo Rodrigues,Enrico Spacone,Humberto Varum 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.4
RC buildings constitute the prevailing type of construction in earthquake-prone region like Kathmandu Valley. Most of these building constructions were based on conventional methods. In this context, the present paper studied the seismic behaviour of existing RC buildings in Kathmandu Valley. For this, four representative building structures with different design and construction, namely a building: (a) representing the non-engineered construction (RC1 and RC2) and (b) engineered construction (RC3 and RC4) has been selected for analysis. The dynamic properties of the case study building models are analyzed and the corresponding interaction with seismic action is studied by means of non-linear analyses. The structural response measures such as capacity curve, inter-storey drift and the effect of geometric nonlinearities are evaluated for the two orthogonal directions. The effect of plan and vertical irregularity on the performance of the structures was studied by comparing the results of two engineered buildings. This was achieved through non-linear dynamic analysis with a synthetic earthquake subjected to X, Y and 45° loading directions. The nature of the capacity curve represents the strong impact of the P-delta effect, leading to a reduction of the global lateral stiffness and reducing the strength of the structure. The non-engineered structures experience inter-storey drift demands higher than the engineered building models. Moreover, these buildings have very low lateral resistant, lesser the stiffness and limited ductility. Finally, a seismic safety assessment is performed based on the proposed drift limits. Result indicates that most of the existing buildings in Nepal exhibit inadequate seismic performance.
Seismic Behavior of Liquid Storage Tanks Using Complex and Simple Analytical Models
Nabin Raj Chaulagain,Sun Chang Ho,Kim Ick Hyun 한국지진공학회 2018 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.22 No.7
Performance-based seismic evaluation is usually done by considering simplified models for the liquid storage tanks therefore, it is important to validate those simplified models before conducting such evaluation. The purpose of this study is to compare the seismic response results of the FSI (fluid-structure interaction) model and the simplified models for the cylindrical liquid storage tanks and to verify the applicability of the simplified models for estimating failure probability. Seismic analyses were carried out for two types of storage tanks with different aspect ratios (H/D) of 0.45 and 0.86. FSI model represents detailed 3D fluid-structure interaction model and simplified models are modeled as cantilever mass-spring model, frame type mass-spring model and shell type mass-spring model, considering impulsive and convective components. Seismic analyses were performed with modal analysis followed by time history analysis. Analysis results from all the models were verified by comparing with the results calculated by the code and literature. The results from simplified models show good agreement with the ones from detailed FSI model and calculated results from code and literature, confirming that all three types of simplified models are very valid for conducting failure probability analysis of the cylindrical liquid storage tanks.
Multidisciplinary supportive care in systemic light chain amyloidosis
Bou Zerdan Maroun,Sabine Allam,Chakra P. Chaulagain 대한혈액학회 2022 Blood Research Vol.57 No.2
The immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis is a multisystemic disease which manifests by damage to the vital organs by light chain-derived amyloid fibril. Traditionally, the treatment has been directed to the underlying plasma cell clone with or without high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation using melphalan based conditioning. Now with the approval of highly tolerable anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab based anti-plasma cell therapy in 2021, high rates of hematologic complete responses are possible even in patients who are otherwise deemed not a candidate for autologous stem cell transplantation. However, despite the progress, there remains a limitation in the strategies to improve symptoms particularly in patients with advanced cardiac involvement, those with nephrotic syndrome and autonomic dysfunction due to underlying systemic AL amyloidosis. The symptoms can be an ordeal for the patients and their caregivers and effective strategies are urgently needed to address them. The supportive care is aimed to counteract the symptoms of the disease and the effects of the treatment on involved organs’ function and preserve patients’ quality of life. Here we discuss multidisciplinary approach in a system-based fashion to address the symptom management in this dreadful disease. In addition to achieving excellent anti-plasma cell disease control, using treatment directed to remove amyloid from the vital organs can theoretically hasten recovery of the involved organs thereby improving symptoms at a faster pace. Ongoing phase III clinical trials of CAEL-101 and Birtamimab will address this question.
로타바이러스 위장관염이 있는 환자에서 로타바이러스 G-P 유전형에 관련된 임상적특성 비교
장숙진,강정옥,문대수,이성현,안균열,정옥연,한호림,Bidur Prasad Chaulagain,조성식,박영진 대한진단검사의학회 2006 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.26 No.2
배경 : Group A 로타바이러스 감염은 전세계적으로 소아에서일어나는 심한 설사의 주된 원인이다. 로타바이러스 감염증의 적절한 처치를 위해 로타바이러스에 감염된 환자에서 G와 P 유전형에 따른 임상적 특성을 알면 도움이 될 것이다. 방법 : 2002년 3월부터 1년간 조선대학교병원에 입원한 환자의설사변 검체를 대상으로 Dipstick ‘Eiken’Rota kit로 로타바이러스 항원검사를 시행하였다. 로타바이러스 항원검사에 양성인 대변 검체로 group A 로타바이러스에 대한 RT-PCR 검사를 하였고 그에 양성인 PCR 산물로 G 및 P형에 대한 PCR 검사를 시행하여 유전형을 검사하였다. 결과 : 유전형 검사를 시행한 19검체 중 가장 우세한 균주는G4P[6] (51.3%)이었고 그 다음은 G2P[4] (19.3%), G1P[8](7.6%), G3P[8] (5.0%), G9P[8] (4.2%)의 순이었다. 의무기록 분석이 가능하였던 10명의 환자를 대상으로 각 로타바이러스유전형의 특징을 알아보기 위해 임상적 및 역학적 연구를 시행하였다. 로타바이러스는 각 유전형별로 설사, 구토, 탈수, 발열, 병원감염, 다른 병원에서 전원된 환자빈도 및 평균 중증도 점수의 측면에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히 G4P[6] type에 감염된 환자는 다음과 같은 독특한 특징을 나타냈다. 대부분의 환자들이 비교적 미약한 증상을 보이고 다른 산부인과에서 전원된 신생아였으며그들 증례 중 68.4%가 병원감염이었다. G4P[6]형은 유행시기가거의 일년 내내 지속되었다. G4P[6], G2P[4], G1P[8], G3P[8]및 G9P[8] 균주에 감염된 환자가 나타내는 증상의 평균 중증도점수는 각 6.8, 9.5, 8.0, 9.0 및 10.8이었다.