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Lu, Li-Rong,Liu, Jing,Xu, Zhen,Zhang, Geng-Lin,Li, De-Chang,Lin, Chao-Shuang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.10
We here document discovery of expression profile of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and changes in the course of disease. The study population was composed of 75 outpatient HBV cases and 15 healthy control cases. Peripheral blood samples were collected for separation of mononuclear cells. Levels of MDSCs labeled with Lin-DR-CD11b+CD33+ obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), were revealed to have significant differences between the CHB and other groups. They were 0.414% for health control cases and 0.226% for CHB cases (Z=-2.356, p=0.0189). It also observed that the group of HBeAg positive cases had significant difference in MDSCs/PBMC median ($X^2=11.877$, p=0.003), compared with group of HBeAg negative cases and the healthy control group. It suggested considerable MDSCs might be involved in HBeAg immune tolerance. In addition, negative correlations between MDSCs/PBMC and parameters of ALT, AST and TBil, while positive correlation between MDSCs/PBMC and ALB parameter were found. Multiple comparisons between the four phases and health control phase again, there was a statistically sifnificant difference ($X^2=17.198$, p=0.002). Taken together, these findings may provide a new immunotherapy strategy for reduced the expression levels of MDSCs in CHB patients, through induction of an autoimmune response to virus removal.
( Chun-chi Lin ),( Shu-chen Wei ),( Been-ren Lin ),( Wen-sy-tsai ),( Jinn-shiun Chen ),( Tzu-chi Hsu ),( Wei-chen Lin ),( Tien-yu Huang ),( Te-hsin Chao ),( Hung-hsin Lin ),( Jau-min Wong ),( Jen-kou 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.3
Background/Aims: With the recent progress in medical treatment, surgery still plays a necessary and important role in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In this study, we analyzed the surgical results and outcomes of UC in Taiwan in the recent 20 years, via a multi-center study through the collaboration of Taiwan Society of IBD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of surgery data of UC patients from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2014, in 6 Taiwan major medical centers was conducted. The patients’ demographic data, indications for surgery, and outcome details were recorded and analyzed. Results: The data of 87 UC patients who received surgical treatment were recorded. The median post-operative follow-up duration was 51.1 months and ranged from 0.4 to 300 months. The mean age at UC diagnosis was 45.3±16.0 years and that at operation was 48.5±15.2 years. The 3 leading indications for surgical intervention were uncontrolled bleeding (16.1%), perforation (13.8%), and intractability (12.6%). In total, 27.6% of surgeries were performed in an emergency setting. Total or subtotal colectomy with rectal preservation (41.4%) was the most common operation. There were 6 mortalities, all due to sepsis. Emergency operation and low pre-operative albumin level were significantly associated with poor survival (P =0.013 and 0.034, respectively). Conclusions: In the past 20 years, there was no significant change in the indications for surgery in UC patients. Emergency surgeries and low pre-operative albumin level were associated with poor survival. Therefore, an optimal timing of elective surgery for people with poorly controlled UC is paramount.
Compound motion characteristics analysis of eccentric herringbone curve-face gear pair
Chao Lin,Gui Ran,Yanan Hu 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.12
To simplify compound gear transmission, this paper proposed a novel compound motion mechanism with an eccentric herringbone curve-face gear-pair, which combines a rotation motion and a linear motion to simplify complex mechanical transmissions. A compound transmission model of the pair was established based on the motion principle of the constant-diameter cam. Then we analyzed the impacts of variable eccentric distances on the axial displacement and axial forces of the non-circular herringbone gear. By utilizing SolidWorks and automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems, ADAMS, a simulation model for simulating the compound motion of the gear pair, was provided. Experiments were carried out by dividing the gear pair into two eccentric helical curve-face gear with opposite hands. The results implied that maximum axial displacement deviations from the experiment and simulation model are 1.8 % and 5.7 %, compared to the theoretical value, which verified the accuracy of the theoretical analysis.
Chao-Cheng Lin,Zaine Akuhata-Huntington,Che-Wei Hsu 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2023 보건의료교육평가 Vol.20 No.-
Learning about one’s implicit bias is crucial for improving one’s cultural competency and thereby reducing health inequity. To evaluate bias among medical students following a previously developed cultural training program targeting New Zealand Māori, we developed a text-based, self-evaluation tool called the Similarity Rating Test (SRT). The development process of the SRT was resource-intensive, limiting its generalizability and applicability. Here, we explored the potential of ChatGPT, an automated chatbot, to assist in the development process of the SRT by comparing ChatGPT’s and students’ evaluations of the SRT. Despite results showing non-significant equivalence and difference between ChatGPT’s and students’ ratings, ChatGPT’s ratings were more consistent than students’ ratings. The consistency rate was higher for non-stereotypical than for stereotypical statements, regardless of rater type. Further studies are warranted to validate ChatGPT’s potential for assisting in SRT development for implementation in medical education and evaluation of ethnic stereotypes and related topics.
Lin, Chao,Shinde, Sambhaji S.,Jiang, Zheng,Song, Xiaokai,Sun, Yu,Guo, Linli,Zhang, Hao,Jung, Jin-Young,Li, Xiaopeng,Lee, Jung-Ho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.5 No.27
<▼1><P>A “three birds one stone” strategy for preparing 1D N-doped porous carbon nanotubes embedded with Co@CoOx nanoparticles results in the unprecedentedly high-rate Zn–air batteries.</P></▼1><▼2><P>In this work, we demonstrate a “three birds one stone” strategy for preparing 1D N-doped porous carbon nanotubes embedded with core–shell Co@CoOx nanoparticles (Co@CoOx/NCNTs) from bimetallic ZnO@Zn/Co-ZIF nanowires. The ZnO nanowires played three roles: (i) ZnO acted as a template for 1D metal–organic framework (MOF) growth, (ii) <I>in situ</I> evaporation of Zn during pyrolysis prevented the aggregation of the carbon framework and benefited the formation of hierarchical pores, and (iii) the excess oxygen species released from ZnO <I>in situ</I> reacted with metallic cobalt nanoparticles during pyrolysis, leading to the configuration of a Co@CoOx core–shell structure. The as-prepared 1D Co@CoOx/NCNTs exhibited excellent oxygen reduction reaction performance, including a high kinetic current (4.6 times better compared to 20 wt% Pt/C at 0.7 V), a low Tafel slope of 80 mV dec<SUP>−1</SUP>, outstanding stability, and strong tolerance to CH3OH crossover. The assembled Zn–air batteries with Co@CoOx/NCNTs yielded high open-circuit voltage (1.52 V), superior stability (over 100 h of operation), and unprecedented rate performance that ranged from 1 to 500 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, while existing batteries have never achieved a galvanostatic discharge current density larger than 300 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. Such exceptional rate capability was ascribed to the formation of a uniform interconnected nanotube network, facilitated electron transport, and an enlarged electrochemically accessible surface area in the unique 1D porous tubular structure.</P></▼2>
Chao Lin,Xue-Song Sun,Sai-Lan Liu,Xiao-Yun Li,Nian Lu,Xin-Ling Li,Lin-Quan Tang,Ling Guo 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.3
Purpose The prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with parotid lymph node (PLN) metastasis remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the prognostic significance and optimal staging category of PLN metastasis and develop a nomogram for estimating individual risk. Materials and Methods Clinical data of 7,084 non-metastatic NPC patients were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint. A nomogram was established based on the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The accuracy and calibration ability of this nomogram was evaluated by C-index and calibration curves with bootstrap validation. Results Totally, 164/7,084 NPC patients (2.3%) presented with PLNs. Multivariate analyses showed that PLN metastasis was a negative prognostic factor for OS, progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS). Patients with PLN metastasis had a worse prognosis than N3 disease. Five independent prognostic factors were included in the nomogram, which showed a C-index of 0.743. The calibration curves for probability of 3- and 5-year OS indicated satisfactory agreement between nomogram-based prediction and actual observation. All results were confirmed in the validation cohort. Conclusion NPC patient with PLN metastasis had poorer survival outcome (OS, PFS, DMFS, and LRFS) than N3 disease. We developed a nomogram to provide individual prediction of OS for patients with PLN metastasis.
Chao-Jen Lin,Chun-Ching Chiu,Yi-Chen Chen,Mu-Lin Chen,Tsai-Ching Hsu,Bor-Show Tzang 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.12
Accumulating evidence indicates that overconsumption of ethanol contributes in many ways to the pathogenesis of hepatic injury. Although studies indicate that taurine decreases lipogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines, the protective effect of taurine against alcohol-induced liver injury is still unclear. To clarify the precise signaling involved in the beneficial effect of taurine on alcohol-induced liver injury, rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: (1) control (Ctl), (2) alcohol (Alc), (3) Alc + taurine (Tau), and (4) Alc + silymarin (Sil). The Tau and Sil groups had lower lymphocyte infiltration and significantly lower TLR-4/MyD88 and IκB/NFκB compared to the Alc group. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factors (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were also significantly lower in the Tau and Sil groups than in the Alc group. The experimental results indicated that hepatoprotection against alcohol-induced inflammation may be mediated by decreased TLR-4/MyD88 signaling.
Chao Lin,Yanan Hu,Yanqun Wei,Zhiqin Cai 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.6
As one of the most important components in the micro in-pipe robot, the supporting and locking mechanism determines the working performance of the robot. In this paper, a new supporting and locking mechanism based on the non-circular gear compound transmission (SLM-NGCT) is proposed. According to the advanced mechanisms and differential geometry theory, transmission coordinates of the movement mechanism were established and the movement equations were derived. The influence factors and change rules of the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the movement mechanism were analyzed. Based on gear meshing theory and the cam theory, the mechanical characteristics of the flexible friction block of the movement mechanism were analyzed. A simulation model of SLMNGCT was established and the comparison results between simulation and theoretical model show the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the feasibility of non-circular gear pairs instead of the cam mechanism. The study has guiding significance in the supporting and locking mechanism of micro in-pipe robot.