수직적 치조제 증강술후 발생하는 골흡수량에 관한 연구

전하룡(Ha-Ryong Jeon),김종원(Jong-Won Kim),권호범(Ho-Beom Kwon),이동환(Dong-Hwan Lee),홍종락(Jong-Rak Hong),김창수(Chang-Soo Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2006 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Purpose: This study presents radiographic and laboratory analysis and comparison of bone resorption rate of grafted endochondral bone and intramembranous bone on the aspect of height and volumetric change. Patients and Methods: 18 partially edentulous patients who needed alveolar ridge augmentation for implant placement during the years 2002 to 2004 were selected for this study. Group A consisted of 5 males & 3 females who were treated with intraoral(intramembranous) bone and Group B consisted of 8 males & 2 females who were treated with iliac(endochondral) bone. Non-standard periapical X-ray was taken at day 1, 2 month, 4 months, 8 months after the surgery. Resorption rate of grafted bone were measured on these X-rays and compared. Also we calculated volume of grafted bone with models which was fabricated at 1.5 months, 6 months. Results: There was bone resorption in both groups. Group B showed more bone resorption than Group A. In Group A, the resorption rate according to the radiographic measurements was 9.81 %, and resorption rate according to volumetric measurement was 16.5 %. In group B, the resorption rate according to the radiographic measurements was 15.9 %, and resorption rate according to volumetric measurement was 30.6 %. Significant difference is on radiographic resorption of post-op 2, 4, 8 months on two groups (P < 0.05). Also significant difference is on volume resorption on two groups (P < 0.05) Conclusion: We found that more bone resorption occurred with iliac(endochondral) bone and when we use intraoral bone, that bone can maintain their vitality for alveolar ridge augmentation.

해수열원 캐스케이드 열펌프시스템의 운전 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

김지영(Ji-Young Kim),백영진(Young-Jin Baik),장기창(Ki-Chang Chang),박성룡(Seong-Ryong Park),나호상(Ho-Sang Ra),이재훈(Jea-Hun Lee) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of a sea water heat source cascade heat pump system. R717(Ammonia) is used for a low-stage working fluid while R134a is for a high-stage. In order to gain a high temperature supply water in winter season, the system is designed to perform a cascade cycle. In this study, two experiments were carried out. One is a system starting test from the low load temperature of 10℃. The other is a system performance investigation over the R717 compressor capacity changes. Experimental results show that when it starts from the low load temperature, the suction temperature of the low-stage compressor is higher than that of a high-stage. The system performance increases when a water source temperature or a low-stage compressor rotational frequency goes higher.

흉부 CT 검사에서 Scan Direction이 Automatic Exposure Control을 적용한 선량에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

남태현(Tae Hyun Nam),정용환(Yong Hwan Jeong),김주현(Joo Hyun Kim),권순안(Soon Ahn Gwon),대창민(Chang Min Dae),김성룡(Sung Ryong Kim),민관홍(Kwan Hong Min) 대한CT영상기술학회 2012 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목적 적정한 영상의 질과 합리적인 선량위해 이용되고 있는 Automatic Exposure Control에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있는 가운데 scan direction의 영향에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이기에, 본 논문에서는 AE를 적용한 흉부 CT검사에서 scan direction이 선량에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens Healthcare, 이하 S사), Aquilion 64(Toshiba Medical System, 이하 T사), LightSpeed VCT(General Electric Medical System, 이하 G사), Brilliance iCT(Philips healthcare, 이하 p시)와 인체 등가물질의 whole body phantom을 이용하였다. Phantom position은 supine, feet first로 위치시키고, SPR parameter 중 관전압을 120, 100, 80 kV로 각각 group 1, group 2, group 3으로 분류 후, cranio-caudal scan direction, caudo-cranial scan direction으로 각 5회 반복 scan 하고 선량 비교는 장비에서 제공하는 CTDIvol 값의 평균값을 구하여 scan direction에 따른 변화를 각 제조사별로 비교하였다. 결과 S사의 평균 CTDIvol 값을 비교해 본 결과 cranio-caudal scan direction에 대한 caudo-cranial scan direction의 증감률은 group 1에서 -4.22%, group 2에서 -5.27%, group 3에서 -4.50%로 나타났고, T사의 증감률은 group 1에서 -9.41%, group 2에서 -8.20%, group 3에서 -9.31%로 측정되었다. G사의 증감률은 group 1에서 -1.65%, group 2에서 -3.41%, group 3에서 -3.23%로 나타났으며. P사의 증감률은 group 1에서 +1.21%, group 2에서 -1.58% group 3에서 -2.41%로 나타났다. 결론 AEC를 적용한 흉부 CT검사에서 scan direction이 변화함에 따라 환자에 적용되는 선량에 차이가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 기존에 AEC에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려진 요인 외에 scan direction 또한 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 제조사별 AEC에 대한 심도있는 이해를 바탕으로 그 영향인자에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것이며, 이러한 연구들을 통해 검사부위에 맞는 최적화된 기법을 적용한다면 더욱 합리적인 선량감소를 달성할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. I. Purpose There are many studies about automatic exposure control system. However, there is not enough study between scan direction and ABC. The purpose of this study was to compare radiation exposure dose in chest CT depending on scan direction. II. Meterial and Methods Somatom Definition Flash(Siemens Healthcare), Aquilion 64(Toshiba Medical system), LightSpeed VCT(General Electric Medical System), Brilliance iCT(Philips healthcare) and whole body phantom(KUPBU - 50 Kyoto kagaku Co.Ltd) are used in this study, Phantom position was supine, feet first. Study was devided into 3 groups depending on scan projection radiography tube voltage: group 1(120kV), group 2(100 kV), group 3(80 kV). Average CTDIvol values are compared between cranio-caudal scan direction and caudo-cranial scan direction in each group. III. Result The CTDIvol between cranio-caudal scan direction and caudo-cranial scan direction is changed. Siemens result is -4.22% in group 1, -5.27% in group 2, -4.50% in group 3. Toshiba result is -9.41% in group 1, -8.20% in group 2, -9.31% in group 3. GE result is -1.65% in group 1, -3.41% in group 2, -3.23% in group 3. Philips result is +1.21% in group 1, -1.58% in group 2, -2.41% in group 3. IV. Conclusions Radiation exposure dose was changed between cranio-caudal scan direction and caudo-cranial scan direction in Chest CT with ABC. Therefore, scan direction can affect to AEC. We should consider about many factors of AEC and create suitable protocol for each body part in order to reduce radiation dose.

두개인두종의 감마나이프 치료 후 장기 추적 결과

김윤석,이도희,라동숙,전영일,안재성,전상룡,김정훈,노성우,나영신,김창진,권양,임승철,이정교,권병덕,Kim, Yun Sok,Lee, Do Heui,Ra, Dong Suk,Chun, Young Il,Ahn, Jae Sung,Jeon, Sang Ryong,Kim, Jeong Hoon,Roh, Sung Woo,Ra, Young Shin,Kim, Chang Jin 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.2

Objectives : The optimal treatment of craniopharyngioma is controversial. Despite recent advances in microsurgical management, complete surgical removal of craniopharyngioma remains very difficult. Radiation added to surgery is effective, but radiation therapy resulted in untoward side effect in young patient. Gamma knife radiosurgery offers the theoretical advantage of a reduced radiation dose to surrounding structures during the treatment of residual or recurrent craniopharyngioma compared with fractionated radiotheraphy. We described retrospective analysis of tumor size and clinical symptoms of patients after gamma knife radiosurgery in residual or recurrent craniopharyngioma were performed. Material and Methods : From September 1990 to January 2000, 18 patients of craniopharyngioma were treated by gamma knife radiosurgery. All patient had undergone surgery, but residual or recurrent tumor was found and all of them treated postoperative gamma knife radiosurgery. The mean age was 19(from 6 to 66) and male to female ratio was 10 to 8 and 8 patients were below 15 years old. In young age group(below age 15), the average volume of the tumor was $2904.8mm^3$ and mean maximal gamma knife dose was 34.9Gy. In old age group(older than 15), the average volume of the tumor was $2590.4mm^3$ and mean maximal gamma knife dose was 45.2Gy. The size of the tumor was average $2730.1mm^3$($88-12000mm^3$), mean average radiation dose was 40.7Gy and the mean prescription dose was 17.6 Gy(4-35Gy) delivered to a median prescription 50.7% isodose. Results : The follow up was from 1 year to 9 years(mean 59.1 months) after gamma knife radiosurgery. The tumor was controlled in 13(72.2%) patients. The tumor decreased in 9 patients and not changed in 4 patients. The tumor size increased in 4(22.2%) patients during follow up period. In two cases the tumor size increased because of its cystic portion was increased, but their solid portion of the tumor was not changed. In another two patients, the solid portion of the tumor was increased. So, one patient underwent reoperation and the other patient underwent operation and repeated gamma knife radiosurgery. The tumor recurred in one case(5.6%) that is a outside of irradiated site. The presenting symptoms were improved in 4 patients(improved visual acuity in 1, controlled increased intracranial presure sign in 3 patients). In one case, visual acuity decreased after gamma knife radiosurgery. The endocrine symptoms were not influenced by gamma knife radiosurgery. Conclusion : Craniopharyngioma can be treated successfully by gamma knife radiosurgery. Causes of the tumor regrowth are inadequate dose planning because of postoperatively poor margination of the tumor, close approximation of optic nerve and residual tumors outside the target lesion. Recurrence can develop 4 years after gamma knife radiosurgery. Volume is important, but the accurate targeting is more important to prevent tumor recurrence. If the tumor definition is not clear during planning gamma knife surgery, long-term image follow up is required.

Copper-tetra-tert-butylphthalocyanine LB막의 NO₂가스 탐지 특성

金泰玩,具滋龍,李昌熙 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) technique is one of the ways of manufacturing organic this films. It has an advantage in alignment and orientation of the molecules in the films. It is being used to develop molecular electronic devices, gas sensor and etc. Phthalocyanine(Pc) is especially sensitive to the electron affinitive toxic gases, such as NO₂, NO, O₂, SO₂, and etc. It has chemiresistor properties, such as a change in electrical conductivity when it is exposed to the gases. In this study, CuTBP LB films were manufactured. NO₂ gas detection ability of the above LB films were examined. A chemiresistor device using CuTBP LB films was made and the possibility as a gas sensor was investigated. To increase the current level at constant bias, interdigital electrode was used. A lateral distance d(2, 1, 0.5mm) between fingers and number of finger pairs N were varied. We have observed that a conductance G is proportional to 1/d and N. when we compare the conductance between N = 1 and N = 25, the current where N = 25 is higher than that of N = 1 by 60 times. The sensitivity is about 50 times greater and stable.

Serratia marcescens ATCC 21074로 부터 순수분리한 Metalloprotease의 자가분해성과 안정성

김기석,이창원,이병룡,신용철 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

Serratia marcescens ATCC 21074의 세포 배양액으로 부터 순수분리한 meltalloprotease의 자가분해성 및 안정성과 관련된 몇가지 효소적 특성을 조사하였다. 최적 반응온도와 pH는 각각 37℃, pH8.0이었으며 안정성은 PH 5.0-11.0 범위에서, 온도의 경우 10-37℃에서 비교적 안정한 것으로 나타났다. Differential scanning calorimeter 로 이 효소의 열적 성질을 분석한 결과 변성 시작온도는 37.6℃, endoth ermic peak온도는 43.2℃, enthalpy 변화량은 -8.4mJ/mg이었다. 이 효소는 30℃에서 24 시간 동안 거의 자가분해가 일어나지 않았으나 변성된 단백질의 경우 쉽게 자가분해되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이효소는 trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, elastase에 의해서 분해되지 않았으나 thrmolysin에 의해서는 쉽게 분해되었다. A 50 KD metalloprotease of Serratia marcescens ATCC 21074 was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation. DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. and sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Optimal pH and temperature of enzyme were pH 8.0 and 37℃, respectively. This enzyme was stable in the ranges of 10-37℃ and pH 5.0-11.0. Thermal denaturation was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Onset temperature of denaturation and endothermic peak temperature were 37.6℃ and 43.2℃. respectively. The denaturation enthalpy was -8.4mJ/㎎. The purified metalloprotease was resistant to autodigestion for 24hr at 30℃. Metalloprotease in culture supernatant was also resistant to auto digestion in this conditions. Heat-denatured enzyme, however, was rapidly digested by the native enzyme. The metalloprotease was stable to proteolytic digestion by mammalian proteases such as trypsin. α-chymotrypsin, and elastase. But the enzyme was easily digested by bacterial protease. thermolysin.

기재 신광한과 문학적 소통 : 『기재기이』의 「서재야회록」을 중심으로

김창룡 한성대학교 인문과학연구원 2012 소통과 인문학 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study was to reilluminate literary communication in Seojaeyahoirok of Gijaegii by Shin Gwang-han(1484~1555), who was a literary figure during middle Joseon. Today Shin is known as one of the utmost prose-style novelists, but he enjoyed such a solid position as a poet in his days. He especially expressed his remorse for the time that passed. The sheer amounts of Chinese poems contained in his collection, Gijaejip, give some hints about his remarkable energy for creating poetry. At the same time, his talent for creating prose was extraordinary, as well. One good example is Gijaegii, which is the collection of his romantic works and presents Anbinmongyurok, Seojaeyahoirok, Choisaengwoojingi, and Hasaenggiwoojeon in the order. In the entire history of classic Korean novels, his Gijaegii serves as a unique bridge between Kim Si-seup, Chae Su, and Shim Ui and Im Je, Gwon Pil and Heo Gyun. In particular, it seems to have secured a broader group of readers than any other novels during Joseon. Seojaeyahoirok is his first romantic novel that personified the four precious things of the study. There is a big possibility that he created the work while living as an marginal figure after being pushed out of the royal court. The Ganji Sa clues he intentionally put in the work set the time of the work in the year of Gyesa(1533), which was the tenth year of his stay in Wonhyeong-ri of Yeoju after his Gyeolbok in 1524 at the age of 41. Considering all the contexts, the estimation seems to be the most valid. In the year, he was 50 years old. In Seojaeyahoirok, there are particularly many Chileon poems of Chinese poetry, which is, in fact, common among the four novels of Gijaegii and also shows his profound love for poetic literature. There have been some discussions about the lack of dramatic tension throughout Gijaegii, but Seojaeyahoirok was not an event-centric novel in the first place. The most ultimate thing is the thesis of “conflicts and oppositions" and “confrontations," which are the massive principles of novels. It will be more valid to assess the dynamics of Seojaeyahoirok according to the thesis.

악하부에 발생한 결핵성 경부 임파선염

김영운,정숭룡,이승호,이종호,김창룡,박문성,류선열 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1995 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.17 No.4

Tuberculosis, a chronic infectious granulomatous disease, is preumed to be quite a rare entity. Because of the development of chemotherapy and the improvement of nutritional conditions, incidence of tuberculosis have reduced. For these reasons, tuberculosis may be overlooked in the differential diagnosis whenever dealing with a submandibular swelling. Diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis consists of historical data, physical findings, laboratory tests and histologic examination. The treatment of choice seems to be surgical excision and long term antituberculosis chemotherapy. Surgery provides a rapid tissue diagnosis, because the histological examination of the excisional biopsy is the most reliable diagnostic test. This is the report of a case of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis on left submandibular area with no evidence of the involvement of lung.

장기 트랜잭션을 지원하는 데이타베이스 시스템의 동시성 제어에 대한 연구

김창룡,임웅택 부천대학 1997 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Long-duration transaction hold database resourses for relatively long periods of time, significantly delaying the completion of shorter and more usual transactions. If we use two phase locking approach for long-duration transaction, there is the degeneration of system utilization and throughput because of the resourse monopolization by long-duration transaction. In Optiministic concurrency control scheme, we have another problems such as the starvation of long-duration transaction by cascading rollback. To alleviate these problems, we make survey a concurrency control scheme using snapshot validation scheme with substitute transaction [Prad86]. Finally, we propose a new concurrency control scheme, which is refinement for snapshot validation scheme with substitute transaction, in order to improve the degree of concurrency. In this scheme, transactions are allowed to read and write the data items which have been an element of read-set for substitute transaction if they are not the data items of read-set of restarted long-duration transaction.

Comparative Analysis of Human Epidermal and Peripheral Blood γδ T Cell Cytokine Profiles

( Kwangmi Kim1 ),( Jiyeon Han ),( Tae Ryong Lee ),( Dong Wook Shin ),( Hak Chang ),( A Ri Cho ),( Soon Jin Choi ),( Seong Jin Jo ),( Ohsang Kwon ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.3

Background: Human epidermal γδ T cells are known to play crucial roles in the defense and homeostasis of the skin. However, their precise mechanism of action in skin inflammation remains less clear. Objective: In this study, we analyzed the cytokine expression profile of human epidermal γδ T cells and compared it to that of peripheral blood γδ T cells to investigate the specific activity of epidermal γδ T cells in modulating skin inflammation. Methods: We isolated γδ T cells from epidermal tissue or peripheral blood obtained from healthy volunteers. Isolated γδ T cells were stimulated using immobilized anti-CD3 antibody and interleukin-2 plus phytohaemagglutinin, and were then analyzed using a cytokine array kit. Results: Both epidermal and peripheral blood γδ T cells produced comparable levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, I-309, interferon-γ, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, and chemokine (C-C) ligand 5. The epidermal γδ T cells produced significantly higher levels of interleukin-4, -8, -13, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β than the peripheral blood γδ T cells did. Notably, the epidermal γδ T cells produced several hundred-fold higher levels of interleukin- 13 than interleukin-4. Conclusion: These results suggest that the epidermal γδ T cells have a stronger potential to participate in the Th2-type response than the peripheral blood γδ T cells do. Furthermore, epidermal γδ T cells might play an important role in the pathogenesis of Th2-dominant skin diseases because of their active production of interleukin-13. (Ann Dermatol 26(3) 308∼313, 2014)