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C.K. Ng,S. Ramesh,C.Y. Tan,C.Y. Ching,N. Lwin,A. Muchtar 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.5
In the present work, the effect of manganese oxide (MnO2) additions (0, 0.5, 1 and 5 wt%) on the properties of ceria-dopedscandia stabilized zirconia (10Sc1CeSZ) was investigated over the temperature range of 1400 oC to 1550 oC. The results showedthat the addition up to 1 wt% had negligible effect on the mechanical properties of the ceramic. The samples containing upto 1 wt% MnO2 attained above 97.5% relative density, Vickers hardness of 13-14 GPa and fracture toughness of about3 MPam1/2. In addition, it was revealed that the 0.5 wt% MnO2 addition was beneficial in suppressing the cubic zirconia graingrowth i.e. the highest average grain size was measured at 4.9 µm when sintered at 1550 oC as compared to 9.9 µm measuredfor the undoped zirconia when sintered at the same temperature. On the other hand, the addition of 5 wt% MnO2 was foundto be detrimental to the densification and properties of the zirconia, particularly when sintered at higher temperatures. Thiswas attributed to the accelerated grain growth of the doped samples, i.e. the grain size increased by 2 fold, to 18.6 µm whensintered at 1550 oC.
New Pixel Circuit Compensating Poly-si TFT Threshold-voltage Shift for a Driving AMOLED
Ching-Lin Fan,Y. Y. Lin,B. S. Lin,J. Y. Chang,C. L. Fan,H. C. Chang 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.4
This study presents a novel pixel circuit that uses only n-type low-temperature polycrystallinesilicon (poly-Si) thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs) to simplify the fabrication process of activematrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays. The proposed pixel circuit consists of five switching TFTs, one driving TFT (DTFT), and two capacitors. The output current and the OLED anode voltage error rates are about 3% and 0.7%, respectively. Thus, the pixel circuit can realize uniform output current with high immunity to the poly-Si TFT threshold voltage deviation. The proposed novel pixel design has great potential for use in large-size, high-resolution AMOLED displays.
Kim, Sun J.,Yune, Tae Y.,Han, Ching T.,Kim, Young C.,Oh, Young J.,Markelonis, George J.,Oh, Tae H. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH - Vol.85 No.1
<P>The neuroprotective effect of mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDPm), an enzyme involved in the reduction of NADP<SUP>+</SUP> to NADPH and the supply of glutathione (GSH) in mitochondria, was examined using SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing IDPm (S1). S1 cells showed higher NADPH and GSH levels than vector transfectant (V) cells and were more resistant to staurosporine-induced cell death than controls. Staurosporine-induced cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly attenuated in S1 cells as compared to V cells and reduced by antioxidants, trolox and GSH-ethyl ester (GSH-EE). Staurosporine-induced the release of Mcl-1 from mitochondria that formed a complex with Bim. Mcl-1 was then cleaved to a shortened form in a caspase-3 dependent manner; its release was attenuated far more in S1 than in V cells after staurosporine treatment. Finally, the staurosporine-induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ<SUB>m</SUB>) was correlated with the time of mitochondrial Mcl-1 release; the loss of Δψ<SUB>m</SUB> was attenuated significantly in S1 cells as compared to that in V cells. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of IDPm may result from increases in NADPH and GSH levels in the mitochondria. This, in turn, inhibits mitochondrial ROS production after cytochrome c release, which seems to be mediated through Mcl-1 release. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Osteoporosis in East Asia: Current issues in assessment and management
Elaine Y.N. Cheung,Kathryn C.B. Tan,Ching-Lung Cheung,Annie W.C. Kung 대한골다공증학회 2016 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.2 No.3
The greatest burden of hip fractures around the world is expected to occur in East Asia, especially China. However, there is a relative paucity of information on the epidemiology and burden of fractures in East Asia. Osteoporosis is greatly under-diagnosed and under-treated, even among the highest-risk subjects who have already suffered fractures. The accessibility to bone densitometry, the awareness of the disease by professionals and the public, and the use and reimbursement of drugs are some of the areas which need improvement especially. Cost-effective analysis on screening strategy and intervention thresholds based on local epidemiology data and economic status are available only in Japan. In addition, clinical risk factor models for the assessment of fracture probability may be ethnic specific. Further research is needed to develop a cost-effective risk assessment strategy to identify high-risk individuals for screening and treatment based on local data. Moreover, inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake is still an issue faced by this region.
An Investigation of Mild Steel with Nitrogen-containing Inhibitor in Hydrochloric Acid
Horng, Y.T.,Tsai, Yi-Liang,Tu, Ching-Fang,Lee, Chien-Ming,Wei, F.I.,Shih, H.C. 한국부식방식학회 2003 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.2 No.5
Pickling inhibitors can be used to form an adsorbed layer on the metal surface to hinder the discharge of H^+ and dissolution of metal ions. Nitrogen-containing inhibitors were selected as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel (MS) in pickling acid process. In this study, the addition of inhibitor, the pickling temperatures and the pickling times were the parameters to investigate the effects on the inhibition eficiency (IE) for MS by using weight loss measurement. Preliminary results show that the IE increased with the increase in pickling time from 10 minutes to 60 minutes, and the IE also increased with the increase in temperature at room temperature and 40℃. At the higher temperature, the IE values are higher and almost independent with the pickling time. Furthermore, the potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit corrosion potential-time and corrosion current-time studies show that nitorgen-containing inhibitor behaves predominantly as cathodic polarization. The roughness test and SEM investigation are also studied in this papcr.
Wind vibration control of stay cables using an evolutionary algorithm
Tim Chen,Yu-Ching Huang,Zhao-Wang Xu,J.C.Y. Chen 한국풍공학회 2021 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.32 No.1
In steel cable bridges, the use of magnetorheological (MR) dampers between butt cables is constantly increasing to dampen vibrations caused by rain and wind. The biggest problem in the actual applications of those devices is to launch a kind of appropriate algorithm that can effectively and efficiently suppress the perturbation of the tie through basic calculations and optimal solutions. This article discusses the optimal evolutionary design based on a linear and quadratic regulator (hereafter LQR) to lessen the perturbation of the bridges with cables. The control numerical algorithms are expected to effectively and efficiently decrease the possible risks of the structural response in amplification owing to the feedback force in the direction of the MR attenuator. In addition, these numerical algorithms approximate those optimal linear quadratic regulator control forces through the corresponding damping and stiffness, which significantly lessens the work of calculating the significant and optimal control forces. Therefore, it has been shown that it plays an important and significant role in the practical application design of semiactive MR control power systems. In the present proposed novel evolutionary parallel distributed compensator scheme, the vibrational control problem with a simulated demonstration is used to evaluate the numerical algorithmic performance and effectiveness. The results show that these semiactive MR control numerical algorithms which are present proposed in the present paper has better performance than the optimal and the passive control, which is almost reaching the levels of linear quadratic regulator controls with minimal feedback requirements.
Pollack, Samuela,Igo Jr., Robert P.,Jensen, Richard A.,Christiansen, Mark,Li, Xiaohui,Cheng, Ching-Yu,Ng, Maggie C.Y.,Smith, Albert V.,Rossin, Elizabeth J.,Segrè,, Ayellet V.,Davoudi, Samaneh,Ta American Diabetes Association 2019 Diabetes Vol.68 No.2
<P>To identify genetic variants associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR), we performed a large multiethnic genome-wide association study. Discovery included eight European cohorts (<I>n</I> = 3,246) and seven African American cohorts (<I>n</I> = 2,611). We meta-analyzed across cohorts using inverse-variance weighting, with and without liability threshold modeling of glycemic control and duration of diabetes. Variants with a <I>P</I> value <1 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP> were investigated in replication cohorts that included 18,545 European, 16,453 Asian, and 2,710 Hispanic subjects. After correction for multiple testing, the C allele of rs142293996 in an intron of nuclear VCP-like (<I>NVL</I>) was associated with DR in European discovery cohorts (<I>P</I> = 2.1 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP>), but did not reach genome-wide significance after meta-analysis with replication cohorts. We applied the Disease Association Protein-Protein Link Evaluator (DAPPLE) to our discovery results to test for evidence of risk being spread across underlying molecular pathways. One protein–protein interaction network built from genes in regions associated with proliferative DR was found to have significant connectivity (<I>P</I> = 0.0009) and corroborated with gene set enrichment analyses. These findings suggest that genetic variation in <I>NVL,</I> as well as variation within a protein–protein interaction network that includes genes implicated in inflammation, may influence risk for DR.</P>