Differential Effects of Pioglitazone in the Hippocampal CA1 Region Following Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Low- and High-Fat Diet-Fed Gerbils.

Moon, Seung Myung,Choi, Goang-Min,Yoo, Dae Young,Jung, Hyo Young,Yim, Hee Sun,Kim, Dae Won,Hwang, In Koo,Cho, Byung Moon,Chang, In Bok,Cho, Sung-Min,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2015 Neurochem Res Vol.40 No.5

<P>In the present study, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone (PGZ) in the hippocampal CA1 region of low- or high-fat diet (LFD or HFD) fed gerbils after transient forebrain ischemia. After 8 weeks of LFD or HFD feeding, PGZ (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to the gerbils, following which ischemia was induced by occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries for 5 min. Administration of PGZ significantly reduced the ischemia-induced hyperactivity 1 day after ischemia/reperfusion in both LFD- and HFD-fed gerbils. At 4 days after ischemia/reperfusion, the neurons were significantly reduced and microglial activation was observed in the hippocampal CA1 region in LFD- and HFD-fed gerbils. The microglial activation was more prominent in the HFD-fed gerbils compared to the LFD-fed gerbils. Administration of PGZ ameliorated ischemia-induced neuronal death and microglial activation in the hippocampal CA1 region 4 days after ischemia/reperfusion in the LFD-fed gerbils, but not in the HFD-gerbils. At 6 h after ischemia/reperfusion, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were significantly increased in the hippocampal homogenates of LFD-fed group compared to control group, and HFD feeding further increased TNF-α and IL-1β levels. PGZ treatment significantly ameliorated the increase of TNF-α and IL-1β levels in LFD-fed gerbils, not in the HFD-fed gerbils. At 12 h after ischemia/reperfusion, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in hippocampal homogenates were significantly increased in the LFD-fed group compared to the control group, and HFD feeding significantly showed relatively reduction in SOD activity and increase in MDA level. PGZ administration significantly reduced the increase in MDA levels 12 h after ischemia/reperfusion in the LFD-fed gerbils, but not in the HFD-fed gerbils. These results suggest that PGZ ameliorates the neuronal damage induced by ischemia by maintaining the TNF-α, IL-1β, SOD and MDA levels in LFD-fed gerbils. In addition, HFD feeding affects the modulation of these parameters in the hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia.</P>

The effects of secondary task on the control of vehicle under driving simulator: a study among 50s taxi drivers

Han Soo Kim,Jin Seung Choi,Dong Won Kang,Hong Won Yeon,Mi Hyun Choi,Doo Hwan Ji,Byung Chan Min,Soon Cheol Chung,Gye Rae Tack 대한인간공학회 2011 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

Objective: The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the effects of the secondary task during simulated driving using the variable indicating control of vehicle. Background: There are so many researches for simulated driving and performance. For instance, some researches show that the effects of cell phone conversations on simulated driving. Cell phone conversations impaired explicit recognition memory. Method: Participants included 50s taxi drivers; 15 males and 15 females. All subjects were instructed to keep a distance (30m) from the car ahead and a constant speed (80km/hr or 100km/hr). Sending text message (STM) and Searching navigation (SN) were selected as the secondary task. Experiment consisted of rest for 3min., driving alone for 1min. and driving with secondary task for 1 min.. We were analyzed anterior-posterior coefficient of variation (APCV) and medial-lateral coefficient of variation (MLCV). Results: APCV was increased by 175.4% in STM and 223.8% in SN at 80km/hr. MLCV was increased by 242.3% in STM and 323.4% in SN at 100km/hr. There was no significant difference between genders. Conclusion: Consequently, performing secondary task during driving impaired the control of vehicle.

온도 유지시간 제어를 적용한 하이브리드 분말 압출 공정을 통한 요구 특성의 스퍼기어 제조

이경훈(Kyung Hun Lee),황대원(Dae Won Hwang),김병민(Byung Min Kim) 대한기계학회 2011 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.35 No.8

본 연구는 압출 시 성형온도를 유지하여 Zn-22Al 합금분말의 성형성을 향상시키는 하이브리드 분말 압출 공정의 개발 및 온도 유지시간이 압출된 스퍼기어의 기계적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 피치원 지름 1.8mm 의 소형 스퍼기어는 압출온도 290, 300, 310℃에서 성형되었다. 볼밀시간 32h 의 Zn-22Al 합금분말을 압출온도 310℃에서 압출 시 표면 결함이 없는 소형 기어가 제조되었다. 경도분포는 기어 중심부와 치형부에서 불균일하였고 소결공정 후 내부 변형에너지의 차이로 인해 내부균열이 발생하였다. 위와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 온도 유지시간 제어를 이용한 하이브리드 압출 연구를 수행하였다. 압출된 스퍼기어의 평가는 압출하중, 비커스 경도 및 치수정밀도 측정을 통해 이루어졌다. 온도 유지시간 15min 에서 압출된 스퍼기어의 기계적 성질이 가장 우수하였다. In this study, a hybrid powder-extrusion process involving the control of temperature dwelling time for improving the formability of Zn-22Al powder was developed and the effect of dwelling time on the mechanical properties of a spur gear with a pitch circle having a diameter of 1.8 mm was investigated. General extrusion experiments were carried out at different temperatures such as 290, 300, and 310°C. Spur gears with good qualities and without any surface defects were obtained in the case of extrusion temperature of 310°C and ball-milling duration of 32 h. The Vickers hardness distribution was non-uniform, and after the sintering process, an internal crack was generated because of the different deformation energy between gear central part and teeth. To overcome the abovementioned problems, research on controlling the dwelling time of the extrusion temperature in the powder-extrusion process was carried out. Good-quality spur gears were obtained when the dwelling time was 15 min.

Improvement and Application for Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) of Nationwide Land in Korea

Moung Jin Lee,Seong Woo Jeon,Min Jeong Jo,Won Kyong Song,Byung Jin Kang 大韓遠隔探査學會 2007 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

This study is aiming at improving the Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) of National Land in Korea. The ECVAM items are composed of legal and environmental/ecological assessments. A popular method applied to ECVAM is an overlay environmental/ecological assessment items. The purpose of this study is to offer complementary items of the ECVAM by examining assessment items. In this study we assessed the ECVAM by five methods. Method 1 is Grade 1 areas of each administrative district; Method 2 is comparing overlapped areas of each assessment items Grade 1, 2 and permission of each assessment items duplication; Method 3 is Grade 1, 2 areas by only singular assessment items; Method 4 is Grade 1 areas only of Method 2; and Method 5 is Grade 2 areas only of Method 2. Method 1 showed Seoul and other metropolitan cities revealed a large proportion of Grade I regions by the legal assessment items. Gang won-Do, showed a large proportion of Grade I regions by the environmental/ecological assessment item. Method 2 showed 93.4 % of diameter Grade II (standard for stability); forest diameter item accounted for 99.9 % by Method 3, Method 4 showed 95.7 % of forest diameter, and forest density accounted for 66.4 % by Method 5. This study contributes to reduce the complexity in the process of manufacturing ECVAM of National Land, and to raise the flexibility in the process of managing and updating this map.

Improvement and Application for Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map(ECVAM) of Nationwide Land in Korea

Lee, Moung-Jin,Jeon, Seong-Woo,Jo, Min-Jeong,Song, Won-Kyong,Kang, Byung-Jin The Korean Society of Remote Sensing 2007 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

This study is aiming at improving the Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map(ECVAM) of National Land in Korea. The ECVAM items are composed of legal and environmental/ecological assessments. A popular method applied to ECVAM is an overlay environmental/ecological assessment items. The purpose of this study is to offer complementary items of the ECVAM by examining assessment items. In this study we assessed the ECVAM by five methods. Method 1 is Grade 1 areas of each administrative district; Method 2 is comparing overlapped areas of each assessment items Grade 1, 2 and permission of each assessment items duplication; Method 3 is Grade 1, 2 areas by only singular assessment items; Method 4 is Grade 1 areas only of Method 2; and Method 5 is Grade 2 areas only of Method 2. Method 1 showed Seoul and other metropolitan cities revealed a large proportion of Grade I regions by the legal assessment items. Gang won-Do, showed a large proportion of Grade I regions by the environmental/ecological assessment item. Method 2 showed 93.4% of diameter Grade II(standard for stability); forest diameter item accounted for 99.9% by Method 3, Method 4 showed 95.7% of forest diameter, and forest density accounted for 66.4% by Method 5. This study contributes to reduce the complexity in the process of manufacturing ECVAM of National Land, and to raise the flexibility in the process of managing and updating this map.

재사용이 가능한 나노복합재료 Fe₃O₄-ACCS-Ag의 제조 및 항균 특성 평가

심재홍,김해원,김진원,서영석,오세강,조민,박정희,오병택,Shim, Jaehong,Kim, Hea-Won,Kim, Jin-Won,Seo, Young-Seok,Oh, Sae-Gang,Cho, Min,Park, Junghee,Oh, Byung-Taek 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.3

In this study, Fe₃O₄-ACCS-Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized using silica extracted from corn cob ash. The synthesized Fe₃O₄-ACCS-Ag NPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopyenergy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the potential application of Fe₃O₄-ACCS-Ag NPs as an antibacterial material in water disinfection was investigated using Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 as model bacteria. The antibacterial activity of synthesized composite material showed 99.9% antibacterial effect within 20 min for the tested bacteria. From this experiment, the synthesized Fe₃O₄-ACCS-Ag nanocomposites also hold magnetic properties and could be easily recovered from the water solution for its reuse. The reused nanocomposites presented the decreasing antibacterial efficiencies with the reuse cycle but the composite used three times still killed 90% of bacteria in 20 min.

In Vitro Development of Mouse Parthenogenetic Embryos: Effect of Temperature before Oocyte Activation

Roh Sangho,Won Cheolhee,Min Byung-Moo 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2005 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.29 No.2s

This study was conducted to establish the optimal temperature condition before oocyte activation in B6D2 F1 mouse. In experiment 1, two embryo culture media (CZB vs KSOM) were evaluated for the development of activated mouse oocytes. Parthenogenetic embryos cultured in KSOM showed better blastocyst development than ones cultured in CZB(56.2% vs 81.0%, p<0.01). Two-hour of pre-incubation before activation significantly reduced the number of hatched blastocysts in KSOM (22.0% versus 8.8%, p<0.05). In experiment 2, recovered oocytes were pre-incubated at different temperature conditions before activation. The experimental groups were divided by 5 as follows. Group A: pre-incubation for 120 min at 37℃, Group B: pre-incubation at 37℃ for 90 min then at 25℃ for 30 min, Group C: pre-incubation at 37℃ for 60 min then at 25℃ for 60 min, Group D: pre-incubation at 37℃ for 30 min then at 25℃ for 90 min, and Group E: pre-incubation at 25℃ for 120 min before activation. Group A (67.6%) and B (66.7%) showed better development to the blastocyst stage than other groups (Group C: 50.0%, Group D: 49.2%, Group E: 33.3%, p<0.05). The present study indicates that the temperature before activation affects the development of B6D2 F1 mouse parthenogenetic oocytes and exposure to room temperature should be limited to 30-min when the oocytes are left in HEPES-buffered medium for micromanipulation.

Effects of NASHA(non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid) for facial skin rejuvenation: a randomized clinical trial, a split-face study

( Byung Gon Choi ),( Song Hee Han ),( Min Jung Kim ),( Hae Jeong Youn ),( Soo Young Kim ),( Nam Kyung Roh ),( Ho Jung Jung ),( Yu Ri Kim ),( Yang Won Lee ),( Yong Beom Choe ),( Kyu Joong Ahn ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: The mid-dermal injection of NASHA has been shown to be an effective method for skin rejuvenation. The previous manual technique made it difficult to precisely control the injection into themid-dermal layers and to achieve an even distribution of gel across the area. Objectives: This single-center, evaluator-blinded, prospective, split-face randomized clinical trial investigated the efficacy and safety of NASHA using a stamp-type electronic multi-needle injector, and analyzed the earlier skin physiological changes than previous trials.Methods: Twenty-five patients were recruited to this study. Each participant submitted to a single treatment with a NASHA injection to one side of the lower cheek. The skin hydration, melanin content, erythema, and elasticity of both cheeks were evaluated at each follow-up visit. Results: Stratum corneum hydration was significantlyimproved after NASHA injection. The corneometer readings for the treated side were significantly higher than for untreated side after the 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week treatment visits. Skin elasticity was also significantly improved during the course of the study. There is no significant effect on the melanin and erythema. Conclusion: NASHA treatment resulted in an improvement in the hydration and elasticity of the facial skin. The specialized stamp-type electronic multineedle injector enables the HA filler to rejuvenate the skin effectively and safely.

Mobility Improvement of Amorphous Indium-gallium-zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistor by Roll-to-roll Compatible Plasma Treatment

Byung-Jun Jeong,Jun-Kyo Jeong,Yu-Min Song,Hi-Deok Lee,Ho-Suk Choi,Ga-Won Lee 대한전자공학회 2020 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.20 No.2

For the mobility enhancement of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide thin film transistor (a-IGZO TFT), Ar plasma treatment was proposed at room temperature under air as an economic and continuous process. Through the suggested method, the field effect mobility (μFE) improves significantly from 1.69 cm²/V·s to 4.20 cm²/V·s. The increase of oxygen vacancy (VO) and decrease of metal-oxide bonding are observed in the plasma treated device by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The increased VO is thought to enhance the carrier concentration and mobility. Some of VO, however, will be an inactive and deep state in the forbidden energy gap of IGZO and deteriorate the electrical stability. To avoid this side effect, the selective Ar plasma treatment was also adapted on source/drain (S/D) contact region and threshold voltage shift under the constant positive gate bias stress was measured to decrease from 6.2 V to 4.8 V, which is similar with the untreated device of 4.4 V. In the contract region plasma device, the μFE improves also by 39.6 % to 2.35 cm²/V·s mainly due to the reduction of S/D contact resistance extracted by the transmission line method (TLM).

Characteristics of absorption/regeneration of CO2–SO2 binary systems into aqueous AMP + ammonia solutions

Won-Joon Choi,Byoung-Moo Min,Byung-Hyun Shon,Jong-Beom Seo,오광중 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.5

To examine the characteristics of absorption and regeneration, the simultaneous removal efficiency of carbon dioxide/sulfur dioxide (CO2/SO2), the CO2 absorption amount, and the CO2 loading value of an ammonia (NH3) solution added to 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) were investigated using the continuous absorption and regeneration process. The performances of this system, such as the removal efficiency of CO2 and SO2, absorption amount, and CO2 loading, were evaluated under various operating conditions. Based on the experimental study, the optimum conditions were a liquid circulation rate of 90 mL/min and gas flow rate of 7.5 L/min. The addition of NH3 into aqueous AMP solution increased the absorption rate and loading ratio of CO2 and raised the removal efficiencies of CO2 and SO2 to over 90% and over 98%, respectively.