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Lee, Bongju,Yun, Yong Sik Chungcheong Mathematical Society 2014 충청수학회지 Vol.27 No.2
We define the pentagonal fuzzy sets and generalize the results of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division based on the Zadeh's extension principle for two pentagonal fuzzy sets. In addtion, we find the condition that the result of addition or subtraction for two pentagonal fuzzy sets becomes a triangular fuzzy number and give some example.
Trajectory Generation for an Automated Excavator
Bongju Lee,H.Jin Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
For autonomous excavating, the trajectories should be generated for specific tasks for an excavator. We generate the trajectory using virtual motion camouflage (VMC). For trajectory generation, kinematics of the target excavator are derived and VMC method is formulated. Two simulations are conducted. One is trajectory generation for a manipulator of the excavator to avoid obstacles, and the other is to excavate. From the results of simulations, we can obtain sub-optimized trajectories and show that VMC can be used to generate the trajectory for an excavator.
REMOVAL OF HYPERSINGULARITY IN A DIRECT BEM FORMULATION
Lee, BongJu The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2010 한국수학논문집 Vol.18 No.4
Using Green's theorem, elliptic boundary value problems can be converted to boundary integral equations. A numerical methods for boundary integral equations are boundary elementary method(BEM). BEM has advantages over finite element method(FEM) whenever the fundamental solutions are known. Helmholtz type equations arise naturally in many physical applications. In a boundary integral formulation for the exterior Neumann there occurs a hypersingular operator which exhibits a strong singularity like $\frac{1}{|x-y|^3}$ and hence is not an integrable function. In this paper we are going to remove this hypersingularity by reducing the regularity of test functions.
Ternary nanofiber matrices composed of PCL/black phosphorus/collagen to enhance osteodifferentiation
Lee, Yu Bin,Song, Su-Jin,Shin, Yong Cheol,Jung, Yu Jin,Kim, Bongju,Kang, Moon Sung,Kwon, Il Keun,Hyon, Suong-Hyu,Lee, Hyun Uk,Jung, Seo-Hyun,Lim, Dohyung,Han, Dong-Wook Elsevier 2019 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.80 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, considerable research has been made on the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE) scaffolds to support cellular behaviors. Here, black phosphorus-incorporated poly(ε-caprolactone) and collagen (PCL/BP/Col) nanofiber matrices were designed and their potential as BTE scaffolds were explored. The PCL/BP/Col nanofiber matrices were fabricated successfully by electrospinning, showing that they were suitable for supporting cell growth. The PCL/BP/Col nanofiber matrices could promote not only initial attachment and proliferation, but also osteodifferentiation of preosteoblasts. In conclusion, PCL/BP/Col nanofiber matrices possess excellent biocompatibility and improve osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the PCL/BP/Col nanofiber matrices can be a promising candidate as a scaffold for BTE.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Black phosphorus (BP)-incorporated PCL and collagen nanofiber matrix is designed. </LI> <LI> PCL/BP/Col nanofiber matrix favorably supports cell growth. </LI> <LI> Biocompatibility and biofunctionality of PCL/BP/Col matrix is demonstrated. </LI> <LI> PCL/BP/Col matrix can stimulate spontaneous osteodifferentiation. </LI> <LI> PCL/BP/Col matrix can be employed as a bone tissue engineering scaffold. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Multi-dimensional histone methylations for coordinated regulation of gene expression under hypoxia
Lee, Seongyeol,Lee, Jieon,Chae, Sehyun,Moon, Yunwon,Lee, Ho-Youl,Park, Bongju,Yang, Eun Gyeong,Hwang, Daehee,Park, Hyunsung Oxford University Press 2017 Nucleic acids research Vol.45 No.20
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Hypoxia increases both active and repressive histone methylation levels via decreased activity of histone demethylases. However, how such increases coordinately regulate induction or repression of hypoxia-responsive genes is largely unknown. Here, we profiled active and repressive histone tri-methylations (H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3) and analyzed gene expression profiles in human adipocyte-derived stem cells under hypoxia. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated genes (DMGs) by hypoxia and clustered the DEGs and DMGs into four major groups. We found that each group of DEGs was predominantly associated with alterations in only one type among the three histone tri-methylations. Moreover, the four groups of DEGs were associated with different TFs and localization patterns of their predominant types of H3K4me3, H3K9me3 and H3K27me3. Our results suggest that the association of altered gene expression with prominent single-type histone tri-methylations characterized by different localization patterns and with different sets of TFs contributes to regulation of particular sets of genes, which can serve as a model for coordinated epigenetic regulation of gene expression under hypoxia.</P>
Lee, Sung Ho,Jin, Wei-Peng,Seo, Na Ri,Pang, Kang-Mi,Kim, Bongju,Kim, Soung-Min,Lee, Jong-Ho Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2017 Neural regeneration research Vol.12 No.4
<P>Several studies have shown that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) can directly affect axon regeneration after peripheral nerve damage. In this study, we performed sensory tests and histological analyses to study the effect of recombinant human FGF-2 (rhFGF2) treatment on damaged mental nerves. The mental nerves of 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were crush-injured for 1 minute and then treated with 10 or 50 μg/mL rhFGF2 or PBS in crush injury area with a mini Osmotic pump. Sensory test using von Frey filaments at 1 week revealed the presence of sensory degeneration based on decreased gap score and increased difference score. However, at 2 weeks, the gap score and difference score were significantly rebounded in the mental nerve crush group treated with 10 μg/mL rhFGF2. Interestingly, treatment with 10 μg/mL rhFGF had a more obviously positive effect on the gap score than treatment with 50 μg/mL rhFGF2. In addition, retrograde neuronal tracing with Dil revealed a significant increase in nerve regeneration in the trigeminal ganglion at 2 and 4 weeks in the rhFGF2 groups (10 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL) than in the PBS group. The 10 μg/mL rhFGF2 group also showed an obviously robust regeneration in axon density in the mental nerve at 4 weeks. Our results demonstrate that 10 μg/mL rhFGF induces mental nerve regeneration and sensory recovery after mental nerve crush injury.</P>
New ethanol extraction improves the anti-obesity effects of black tea
Bongju Park,박현성,Sang-Jin Lee,Bonggyeong Lee,Ingyum Kim,Namjoon Baek,Tae Ho Lee,이석용,Miwon Son 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.3
Black tea has been reported to have anti-obesity effects in both rodents and humans. Gallic acid, an active component of black tea, decomposes quickly into pyrogallol in high-temperature solutions. This study introduced a new, aqueous ethanol extraction of black tea, which resulted in extracts with higher concentrations of gallic acid than conventional black tea extracts prepared by hot-water extraction or hot-ethanol extraction. We confirmed that, compared with the hot-water extract of black tea, the cold-ethanol extract of black tea (CE-BTE) had greater effects on reducing body weight and body fat, improving fatty liver, regulating blood glucose, and reducing blood cholesterol in the high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Nonetheless, although CE-BTE significantly reduced fat content, it did not reduce peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARc) protein in epididymal fat tissue of HFD mice. We also showed that CEBTE did not inhibit the function of PPARc protein to drive adipogenesis of mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Considering that PPARc is a master transcription factor not only for adipocyte differentiation, but also for adipose tissue function, such as glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, these results suggest that CE-BTE reduced fat mass and body weight without dampening fat cell homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.