Predictions of Bending Modal Properties of the 3D Braided Composites with the Homogeneous Theoretical Model

Tao Liu,Jingjing Dong,Chaonan Ye,Xianyan Wu,Wei Fan,Linlin Lu,Jingyu Kang,Xingzhong Gao,Baozhong Sun,Honglei Yi 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.12

In this work, the bending modal properties of three-dimensional (3D) braided composites were investigated withthe experimental and numerical methods. Three braided angles were selected to study the braided angle effect on the modalbehavior of 3D braided composites. According to the experimental parameters, a homogeneous model containing the interior,surface and corner representative unit cells of the braided composites were proposed to compute the elastic constants of eachcomposite. Besides, the fiber breakage defects were introduced to the homogeneous model to improve the accuracy ofpredicting the modal behavior of the braided composite. The results indicate that the increase of the braided angle and thefiber breakage defects could apparently reduce the natural frequency of the braided composite. The modal propertiessimulated by the homogeneous models containing some fiber breakage defects could fit well with the correspondingexperimental results. The proposed method to create the homogenous model can be used to predict the modal behavior of the3D braided composites.

The Breed and Sex Effect on the Carcass Size Performance and Meat Quality of Yak in Different Muscles

Li Zhang,Baozhong Sun,Qun-li Yu,Qiumei Ji,Peng Xie,Haipeng Li,Li Wang,Yuchun Zhou,Yongpeng Li,Caixia Huang,Xuan Liu 한국축산식품학회 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.2

The carcass size performances and the meat quality of Gannan and Sibu yak were determined using M. supraspinatus (SU), M. longissimus thoracis (LT) and M.quadriceps femoris (QF). It is found that Sibu yak had significantly higher carcass weight (CW) than Gannan yak with difference of nearly 40 kg, as well as significantly higher eye muscle area (EMA), carcass thorax depth (CTD), round perimeter (RP), etc. The carcass performances of steer yak were significantly higher than heifer yak except meat thickness at round (MTR) (p<0.05). The results show that both yak breed and gender had significant effects on carcass performances. It could be seen that the variation of carcass size performances from breeds is as large as from gender (50.22% and 46.25% of total variation, respectively) through principal component analysis (PCA). Sibu yak had significantly higher L*, b*, WBSF, cooking loss and Fat content, while Gannan yak had significantly higher a*, press loss, protein content and moisture (p<0.05). Yak gender and muscle had insignificant effects on meat colour and water holding capacity (p>0.05). The variation of meat quality of yak from breed is up to 59.46% of total variation according to PCA. It is shown that the difference between breeds, for Gannan yak and Sibu yak, plays an important role in carcass size performance and meat quality.

The Breed and Sex Effect on the Carcass Size Performance and Meat Quality of Yak in Different Muscles

Zhang, Li,Sun, Baozhong,Yu, Qunli,Ji, Qiumei,Xie, Peng,Li, Haipeng,Wang, Li,Zhou, Yuchun,Li, Yongpeng,Huang, Caixia,Liu, Xuan Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.2

The carcass size performances and the meat quality of Gannan and Sibu yak were determined using M. supraspinatus (SU), M. longissimus thoracis (LT) and M.quadriceps femoris (QF). It is found that Sibu yak had significantly higher carcass weight (CW) than Gannan yak with difference of nearly 40 kg, as well as significantly higher eye muscle area (EMA), carcass thorax depth (CTD), round perimeter (RP), etc. The carcass performances of steer yak were significantly higher than heifer yak except meat thickness at round (MTR) (p<0.05). The results show that both yak breed and gender had significant effects on carcass performances. It could be seen that the variation of carcass size performances from breeds is as large as from gender (50.22% and 46.25% of total variation, respectively) through principal component analysis (PCA). Sibu yak had significantly higher L*, b*, WBSF, cooking loss and Fat content, while Gannan yak had significantly higher a*, press loss, protein content and moisture (p<0.05). Yak gender and muscle had insignificant effects on meat colour and water holding capacity (p>0.05). The variation of meat quality of yak from breed is up to 59.46% of total variation according to PCA. It is shown that the difference between breeds, for Gannan yak and Sibu yak, plays an important role in carcass size performance and meat quality.

Phase transformation and roasting kinetics of cobalt-rich copper sulfide ore in oxygen atmosphere assisted by sodium sulfate

Xiang Li,Yubo Liu,Weijiao Yang,Baozhong Ma,Yongqiang Chen,Chengyan Wang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.116 No.-

The recovery rates of copper (99 %) and cobalt (93 %) could be significantly increased by adding sodiumsulfate in activated roasting of Cobalt-rich copper sulfide (CRCS). The mechanism and kinetic parametersof CRCS roasting with sodium sulfate addition were not clear. Thus, in this study, the thermal roastingkinetics of carrollite (the predominant cobalt occurrence mineral) in CRCS adding Na2SO4 with an airatmosphere was studied in detail by TG-DTG method. The apparent activation energy (E) and preexponentialfactor (A) were obtained via Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose method (KAS) methods, where E values were 113.89 kJmol1 (KAS) and 120.87 kJmol1(FWO). The thermodynamic parameters of the roasting process were evaluated. The model function forthe carrollite reaction was determined via Malek analysis. The mechanism of sodium sulfate additionin CRCS roasting was studied. Results showed that the addition of sodium sulfate in activated roastingcan promote the transformation of carrollite mineral phase. The activation energy value of the oxidationprocess of carrollite decreases. From the kinetic point of view, the addition of sodium sulfate can promotethe activation roasting.

Strengthening extraction of lithium and rubidium from activated α-spodumene concentrate via sodium carbonate roasting

Huidong Zhou,Yubo Liu,Baozhong Ma,Chengyan Wang,Yongqiang Chen 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.123 No.-

As a critical resource, lithium is necessary for the flourishing of clean energy as an upstream raw material. With the global popularity of lithium batteries and strict requirements for environmental protection, ashort, cost-effective lithium extraction process from a-spodumene was critical. In this paper, a novel processfor efficient and direct extraction of lithium from a-spodumene was proposed. The main contents ofthe process were sodium roasting, water quenching and strengthening leaching. Firstly, the thermodynamicbehavior of the roasting products was analyzed using Factsage 7.0 software. Subsequently, the factorsof lithium extraction were investigated by single-factor condition experiments. And the responsesurface methodology (RSM) was used to carry out the three-factor and three-level Box-Behnken experiments. The investigation revealed that a-spodumene reacted directly with Na2CO3 at high temperature toform Li2SiO3, NaAlSiO4, and Na2SiO3. The stable aluminosilicate structure in a-spodumene was destroyedby the combined effect of sodium roasting and water quenching, which played a significant role in therelease of lithium. In addition, the Na2CO3 dosage dominated the effect of lithium extraction, followedby roasting temperature and roasting time. Based on the model optimization results, the optimal roastingconditions were determined to be roasting at 1100 C for 30 min with the addition of 45% Na2CO3. Theextraction rates of Li and Rb were 95.9% and 90.3%, respectively, whereas those of Al was only 1.5%. This process provides a technological solution for the high-efficiency and synergistic extraction of valuableelements in a-spodumene.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Ti3C2Tx with Hydrothermal Process

Libo Wang,Heng Zhang,Bo Wang,Changjie Shen,Chuanxiang Zhang,Qianku Hu,Aiguo Zhou,Baozhong Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2016 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.12 No.5

In this study, a simple hydrothermal method has been developedto prepare Ti3C2Tx from Ti3AlC2 as a high-performance electrodematerial for supercapacitors. This method is environmentallyfriendly and has a low level of danger. The morphology andstructure of the Ti3C2Tx can be controlled by hydrothermalreaction time, temperature and NH4F amounts. The preparedTi3C2Tx was characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emissionscanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller. Theresults show that the prepared Ti3C2Tx is terminated by O, OH,and F groups. The electrochemical properties of the Ti3C2Txsample exhibit specific capacitance up to 141 Fcm−3 in 3 MKOH aqueous electrolyte, and even after 1000 cycles, nosignificant degradation of the volumetric capacitance wasobserved. These results indicate that the Ti3C2Tx materialprepared by this hydrothermal method can be used in highperformance supercapacitors.

The determination of epidermal growth factor in Edible bird's nest by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Bai Weijuan,Deng Fenghong,Zhang Xiaojiang,Zhang Xiaojiang,Xiao Yue’e,Wang Nan,Liu Xuncai,Fan Qunyan,Guo Baozhong 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.66 No.-

Edible bird's nest (EBN) is a traditional food which was nourishing and functional. Particularly, there is the epidermal growth factor (EGF) in EBN, which is thought to play an important role in promoting skin repair. However, the type and content of EGF in EBN were not determined yet. In this study, the type of EGF in EBN was identified as bird EGF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and this method was validated to be accurate and precise. Moreover, it was found that the content of EGF in raw-unclean EBN, raw-clean EBN and stewed EBN was 3000 pg/g–4000 pg/g and there were no significant differences, which suggested that the batches, origins, forms, stewing temperatures and stewing times of EBN had no effect on the content of EGF in EBN. However, it was due to that enzyme destroyed the primary structure of EGF, the EGF content of neutral protease and trypsin hydrolysates of EBN was lower than that of flavor enzymes, alkaline protease and pepsin hydrolysates of EGF. This study was the first to determine the type and content of EGF in EBN, and provided a theoretical basis for the selection and processing of EBN and using EBN as a source of EGF.