Competition Responses of Populus alba Clone ‘Bolleana’ to red:far-red light

Bae,Han-hong,Kang,Ho-duck,Richard B,Hall 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

The reduced ratio of red:far-red (R:FR) light acts as a measure of the proximity of competitors and plants can detect the potentially competing neighbor plants by perceiving reflected R:FR signals and initiate the response of “shade avoidance” before actual shading occurs. The phytochrome system is responsible for monitoring the changes in the R:FR and initiating the shade avoidance response. The response to low R:FR ratio was studied in a white aspen Populus alba clone ‘Bolleana’ using two filter systems: a clear plastic filter system that allows a R:FR ratio less than 1.0 to pass from adjacent border plant reflection; and a special commercial plastic that blocks FR light and creates a R:FR ratio above 3.0. The reduced R:FR signals enhanced the stem elongation in response to competition at the expense of relative stem diameter growth. Trees grown inside clear chambers were 27 % taller than trees grown inside the FR-blocking filter chambers. Stem taper of clear chamber trees was 16% less than the FR-blocking filter trees. Low R:FR also induced 22% more stem dry weight and 13% greater petiole length per leaf compared to the FR-blocking filter trees. There were no statistically significant differences in leaf area, leaf number increment, and total dry weight between the two light filter treatments.

EXPERIMENTS ON THE INTERACTION OF WATER SPRAYS WITH POOL FIRES

Han,Yong-Shik,Kim,Myung-Bae,Shin,Hyun-Dong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

A series of measurements and visualization to investigate the interaction of water sprays with pool fires is presented. Fire source is a small-scale pool burner with methanol, ethanol and gasoline. Measurements of temperatures, <TEX>$O_2$</TEX>, <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>, and CO concentrations along the plume centerline are carried out to observe pool fire structures without water sprays. Visualization by the Ar-ion laser sheet shows flow pattern of droplets of the sprays above the pool fires. It is observed that in the case of methanol and ethanol, water sprays continuously penetrate into the center of fuel surfaces. The gasoline pool fire allows intermittent penetration of water sprays because of pulsating characteristics of the gasoline flame. To evaluate the cooling effect of the fuel surface by the sprays, the temperature was measured at the fuel surface. As soon as the mists reach the fuel surface of methanol and ethanol, the temperatures of the fuel surface decrease rapidly below the boiling point, and then the fires are extinguished. Due to the application of mist upon the gasoline fire, though the fuel temperature decrease abruptly at the time of the injection, such a rapid decrease do not continue till the extinction point.

Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Effects of PHBV/Collagen (PHCP) on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Skin Inflammation

Jin-Yi Han3*, Xu Zi Guang, Jyung-Sik Kwak, Ki-Wan Oh, Han-Ik Bae 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1

The anti-inflammatory effect of PHBV/Collagen (PHCP) was examined in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced skin inflammation. Vascular permeability on the back skin was measured by the local accumulation of Evan’s blue dye after subcutaneous injection of LPS (30 μg site-1). Dye leakage in the skin showed a significant increase at 2 h after injection of LPS. This LPS-induced dye leakage was also completely inhibited by HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP, and antioxidants, including methyl gallate, trolox, and mannitol. To study the possible mechanisms underlying the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of PHCP against LPS-induced inflammation, we also examined the effects of PHCP on malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione levels in skin tissues and found that pretreatment with PHCP resulted in inhibited MDA elevation and a remarkable reduction of glutathione level. In addition, similar results were obtained after pretreatment with antioxidants, including trolox and mannitol, and HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP. Histopathologically, an influx of neutrophils into the skin dermis was detected between 24 h and 72 h after LPS injection (30, 100 μg site-1), compared to control animals after injection of saline. This increase was greater in mice treated with 100 μg of LPS than in those treated with 30 μg of LPS and was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with PHCP, antioxidants, and HO-1 inhibitor. These results collectively suggest that PHCP has an anti-inflammatory effect against LPS-induced inflammation model in vivo and may be a good candidate for the skin tissue engineering biomedical application primarily through manipulation of the redox state.

택견과 태권도의 역사적 연관성 탐색

김명배(Kim, Myoung-Bae),한창효(Han, Chang-Hyo) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This study explored the correlation between Taekkyon and Taekwondo. This study is summarized as the contents based on the interviews of study participants and the analysis of literatures as follows: First, the investigation of the interviews and the transitions of literatures revealed that Taekkyon is not the matrix of Taewondo. They are different in principles. Second, Taekkyon and Taekwondo have a lot of similar motions. Their major motion is kicking, which has resemblance to each other. However, Taekwondo does not have the throwing technique which can be found in Taekkyon. Nonetheless, the whole body movement of Taekkyon and Taekwondo are alike. Third, the beginning of Taekkyon was from Song, Duk-Ki, and it was established by Shin, Han-Seung. The first generation of Taekwondo learned Taekkyon from Song, Deok-Ki in the late 1950s. And, the name of Taekwondo was derived from Taekkyon. A lot of Taekkyon leaders who are leading current Taekkyon have had the experience of learning Taekwondo for several yeats in the past. In this sense, it is estimated that the circle of Taekwondo might have approached Taekkyon strategically to secure the history what we call ‘tradition’ in view of the circumstances of times and environmental structure. Fourth, study participants seek to maintain the mutually complementary relationship between Taekkyon and Taekwondo which have been developed in the separate ways. Taekkyon in the past tended to go together with Taekwondo through the multiple channels. Now, Taewondo should accept Taekkyon as needs of the times. If so, it is the right time for Taekwondo to accept Taekkyon in any way. That is, it is a time to make official, technical, and organizational exchange. Taekkyon is seen to be prepared to go together with Taekwondo. It is a time that Taekwondo Associations, which are institutionalized such as Korea Taekwondo Association, Kukkiwon, WTF, and Taekwondowon, should give their genuine answer.

한강 하류의 남조류 및 환경요인의 연간 (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003) 변화에 대하여

서미연,김백호,배경석,한명수,Suh, Mi-Yeon,Kim, Baik-Ho,Bae, Kyung-Seok,Han, Myung-Soo 한국하천호수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.2

한강 중하류의 남조류 및 환경요인의 연간변화 (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003)를 파악하기 위하여, 2000년 4월부터 2003년 10월까지 4년간 성수대교에서 성산대교까지 총 5개 지점을 선정하여, 수계의 기초환경요인 및 식물플랑크톤 현존량 변화를 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안, 남조류의 현존량은 점차적으로 감소하여 장기간 강우가 가장 많았던 2003년에는 거의 관찰되지 않았으며, 총 식물플랑크톤 현존량에 대한 남조류의 기여도는 약 10%범위내였다. 이러한 현상은 매년 강우집중기 동안 팔당댐으로부터 많은 방류수가 유입됨으로서 수온감소는 물론 광량감소, 영양염류 희석 등에 의한 남조류의 성장이 제한된 것으로판단되며, 동일시기에 다른 조류 (녹조, 규조 등)의 높은 성장으로 엽록소 a와 식물플랑크톤 현존량이 뚜렷하게 증가하였다. 따라서 한강 하류의 고온기 동안 남조류 성장은 잦은 강우와 방류에 의해 제한을 받지만 규조나 녹조와 같은 다른 조류들의 높은 성장으로 대치되는 천이현상을 보였으며, 기후영향을 크게 받는 전형적인 하천생태계의 특성을 나타냈다. For 4 years (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003), annual fluctuations of standing crops of cyanobacteria and physicochemical factors were examined at five sites from Bridge of Seungsoo to Bridge of Seungsan in the lower part of Han River. The cyanobacterial abundance (ND to 4,167 cells $mL^{-1}$) was strongly decreased during the heavy rains in every year. During the similar periods in 2003, cyanobacteria hardly observed, and comprised below of 10 percentage of total phytoplankton. In the period of little cyanobacteria, some green algae and diatom dominated the phytoplankton community, while the concentration of chlorophyll a has not largely change. These results indicate that heavy frequent precipitation strongly limited the growth of cyanobacteria, and lead an algal succession by the appearance of new algal groups.

이데올로기論의 體系的 分析

裵漢東 慶北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

It is often said that the twentieth century is an age of ideology. This is to say that all people in the world are to be placed inevitably under the restrain of certain ideology in their lives, consciously and unconsciously. People want to live free from any kind of ideological burden, but they often become the victims of ideology they have believed in. Needless to say, it is important to study systematically the origin and nature of ideology, and various theories of ideology. However, not many studies in the subject have been endeavoured, and even the few achievements have not been accepted as systematic studies of it. With this perspective, this study investigates, first, various meangings of "ideology" which have appeared in the writings of great thinkers, such as Desttue de Tracy, Karl Marx, and Karl Mannheim: second, categorzing those concepts into the positive and negative ones, and again into the common and extreme ones, it tries to answer the question of "what is ideology": third, it analyzes the origins and sources of various concepts of ideology: fourth, it discusses some arguments about the theory of the "End of Ideology", and the relationship between technology and ideology; fifth and lastly, it tries to single out functions and disfunctions of ideology in psychological and sociopolitical aspects, and raises some questions that should be answered for the future study of ideology.

中蘇 接近의 基本變數

裵漢東 경북대학교 환태평양연구소 1988 環太平洋硏究 Vol.1 No.-

China and Soviet opened the way in the 1980's to extensive reconciliation after a 30-years break in relations. This article has written to understand the current status and problems of the Sino-Soviet relationship. In chapter Ⅱ, on has to examine the stage of transformation in the major area of a 30-years history of Sino-Soviet relation. The stage of transformation can be classified by the 4 period. It is the period of friendship and alliance in the late 1950's, the controversary and distrust in the 1960's, the switching period of conflict and reconciliation in the 1970's, reconciliation and cooperation in the 1980's. In chapterⅢ, Sino-Soviet relations are structured by a complex and changing mix of pilitical-Ideoligical foreign policy, and economic consideration. It's attention is to analyze the variables of causes which can foster either firction between the two states or greater cooperation. First, the Ideological factor can play and have played a major role, but as recent trends suggest, friction and conflict are possible even in the absense of significant difference. Secon, The foreign and security policy of the USSR and the PRC are another major factor of Sino-soviet conflict-today as in the past. Especially, Soviet military deployment in Northeast Asia and Afghanistan, Indochina issues including Cambodian problems, and the difference of their Third World policy were and continue to be an important source of friction affection the Sino-Soviet relations. Third, The factor of economic interests can also influence the friction and cooperation between Sino-Soviet relation. In general, it would appear that the trend both of Soviet and Chinese economic policy and economic development is conducive to expanded economic ties in the future. In Chapter Ⅳ, as the conclusion of this article, the prospects for reconciliation and cooperation would be much expanded, although the three obstacle that Chinese see as impending full normalization of relation have not been removed, because the aim of two state policy is to work steadily to broaden the base of contacts and cooperation with each other.

뉴우잉글랜드 淸敎主義에 있어서 言約神學의 性格

裵漢極 대구교육대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In American intellectual history. New England Puritanism was one of the most important historical determinants along with te frontier spirit and Pragmatism. In New England Puritanism, the so-called covenant or federal teology was the most important theory along with Augustinian piety. The covenant theology originated from the Bible, espeicaly from Genesis. As a religious theory, it was developed in England. Holland and New England. It was analyzed by many writers like fthe following category; (1) the covenant of grace (2) the covenant of church (3) the covenant of society. The significance of the covenant was 'an agreement or a contract' between God and man. The covenant theory provided Massachusetts Bay Colony with the basic principles for the clegrymen, magistrates and freemen who could build the Independent Non-Separatist Congregational Church and 'a due form of goveremnt'. The convenated Puritans found their special commision to build 'the city upon a hill' in the New World which was an ideal laboratory of thought. They regulated the dissenters such as Anabaptists, Antinomians and made teir morality, standing order and integrated intellectual tradition. For sure it was an interlocking social contract theory reminiscing Locke and Hobbes' social contract. The theory was democratic in the sense that it provided the regular election of the magistrates and church officers by all members, and in that sense it championed equality and representative government but in other sense it was not democratic since it denied that elected officers are responsible to the people and asserted that law and authority come from God.

북한 개방변수에 따른 남북한 관계의 전망

裵漢東 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1994 평화연구 Vol.19 No.-

부산시의 SO_2와 NO_2의 농도 변화 특성에 관한 연구

한영옥,배혜진 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 1998 科學敎育硏究 Vol.23 No.-

The characteristic of SO_2 and NO_2 concentration changes - the change of annual mean, the change of monthly mean, the daily change, the episode days of SO_2 and NO_2 concentration higher than 0.04ppm, the characteristic of the episode day and the meteorological condition of the episode day - were studied by using the data measured at air-quality-continuous-monitoring - stations from January 1995 through March 1998, in Pusan, Korea. The annual mean of SO_2 concentration is on the decrease, the monthly mean is maximum in Novemver∼February. And it is peak in A.M. 7∼10 during a day. The annual mean of NO_2 concentration is gradually increased till 1996, after then it is on the decrease. The monthly mean is maximum in October∼December but exceptionally in May∼June. And it is peak in P.M. 7∼10 during a day. The frequency of SO_2 episode day is annually decreasing. The frequency of episode day is the highest at Gamjeondong. Daily mean temperature(5∼10℃), humidity(45∼60%), low cloud amount and low wind speed were meteological parameters accompanying the episode days. The frequency of NO_2 episode day is the highest at Gamjeondong, in December and lowest in August. Humidity(40∼70%), low cloud amount and low wind speed were meteological parameters accompanying the episode days.