Advances in biotechnological applications in three important food legumes

Alok Das,Swarup K. Parida 한국식물생명공학회 2014 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.8 No.2

Legumes are the third largest family of floweringplants, known for their unique capacity of symbioticnitrogen fixation. The draft genome sequences of threeimportant food legumes [soybean (Glycine max), pigeonpea(Cajanus cajan) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum)] havebeen completed. Coupled with a deluge of information ontranscriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, they presenta huge amount of genomic resources for the geneticimprovement of legume crops. Developed molecularmarkers, structurally and functionally annotated genes/quantitative trait loci/alleles and regulatory sequences canbe utilized in improvement breeding programmes. Further,the genetic transformation of two valuable pulses (chickpeaand pigeonpea) has now taken centre stage, realizing thepotential of genetically modified soybean, for enhancedprospects of food production. Together, the advances inbiotechnological tools and the research community’scapacity to develop imaginative strategies will help inframing a legume development programme for ensuringthe nutritional security of the world.

Genetic Transformation of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) and Screening Transgenic Progenies Based on Lateral Root Inhibition

Alok Das,Manoj Kumar,Arvind Kumar Singh,Alok Shukla,Jamal Ansari,Subhojit Datta,Narendra Pratap Singh 한국작물학회 2016 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.19 No.4

Production of transgenic pigeonpea is becoming increasingly important, but the methods currently employed in production and subsequent screening still requires improvement. Here, we describe Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of pigeonpea with reporter uidA (gus) gene and selectable marker, neomycin phospho-transferase (nptII) gene. Histochemical assay demonstrate localization of gus activity in cells and transformed plants. Overall, a transformation frequency of 0.33% was achieved using the protocol. Grafting of in vitro-regenerated healthy shoots indicates higher survival percent (72.6%), when stock and scion are of the same variety. Seeds harvested from primary transgenic plants can be screened based on lateral root inhibition strategy. Approximately 87% of the screened T1 plants were found to be PCR positive. In conclusion, in vitro grafting of transgenic pigeonpea shoots leads to better plant establishment and screening based on lateral root inhibition leads to quick identification of positive segregants.

Calculation of fuel temperature profile for heavy water moderated natural uranium oxide fuel using two gas mixture conductance model for noble gas Helium and Xenon

Jha, Alok,Gupta, Anurag,Das, Rajarshi,Paraswar, Shantanu D. Korean Nuclear Society 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.12

A model for calculation of fuel temperature profile using binary gas mixture of Helium and Xenon for gap gas conductance is proposed here. In this model, the temperature profile of a fuel pencil from fuel centreline to fuel surface has been calculated by taking into account the dilution of Helium gas filled during fuel manufacturing due to accumulation of fission gas Xenon. In this model an explicit calculation of gap gas conductance of binary gas mixture of Helium and Xenon has been carried out. A computer code Fuel Characteristics Calculator (FCCAL) is developed for the model. The phenomena modelled by FCCAL takes into account heat conduction through the fuel pellet, heat transfer from pellet surface to the cladding through the gap gas and heat transfer from cladding to coolant. The binary noble gas mixture model used in FCCAL is an improvement over the parametric model of Lassmann and Pazdera. The results obtained from the code FCCAL is used for fuel temperature calculation in 3-D neutron diffusion solver for the coolant outlet temperature of the core at steady operation at full power. It is found that there is an improvement in calculation time without compromising accuracy with FCCAL.

A Regression Equation for the Estimation of Maximum Oxygen Uptake in Indian Male University Students

( Pinaki Chatterjee ),( Alok K. Banerjee ),( Parimal Debnath ),( Paulomi Das ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2008 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of the study was to validate the applicability of 20-meter multi stage shuttle run test in Indian male university students. 31 Indian male university students (age range 20.42 ~ 24.92 years) from three different universities of West Bengal, India were recruited for the study. Direct estimation of cardiorespiratory endurance (VO2max) comprised treadmill exercise followed by expired gas analysis by scholander micro-gas analyzer whereas VO2max was indirectly predicted by the 20-meter multistage shuttle run test. The difference between the mean (standard deviation) VO2max values of direct measurement (VO2max = 39.60+/-1.86 ml/kg/min) and 20-meter multi stage shuttle run test (SPVO2max = 39.20+/-2.28 ml/kg/min) was statistically insignificant (p = 0.1, confidence level p ≤0.05). Limits of agreement analysis also suggest that the 20-m multistage shuttle run test can be applied for use with the studied population. The results suggest that the application of the present form of 20-meter multistage shuttle run test be justified in the studied population. For better prediction of VO2max a new equation has been developed based on present data for male university students of India.

Ontogeny of in vitro Shoot Organogenesis from Axillary Meristem Explants in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Jaya Srivastava,Alok Das,Khela Ram Soren,Sushil Kumar Chaturvedi,Nagaswamy Nadarajan,Subhojit Datta 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major food legume crops for the tropics and sub-tropical regions and is the main dietary protein source for vegetarians in developing countries. Besides several abiotic factors, its production is constrained by insect pests, as well as many fungal diseases. The success of any attempt to produce resistant varieties through genetic engineering to a large extent depends on the availability of efficient and reproducible regeneration and transformation procedures. Further, the transformation techniques can be more successfully applied if the ontogeny of shoot development is well understood. Ontogeny of shoot development from axillary meristem explants (AME) in chickpea has been studied with the optimization of conditions for high-frequency multiple shoot induction. Preculture of seeds in TDZ significantly enhances the frequency of multiple shoot induction from the explants. Ontogeny and early events of multiple shoot induction revealed direct adventitious origin of the shoots. The understanding of the regeneration process could be further utilized in the designing of efficient transformation methods. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major food legume crops for the tropics and sub-tropical regions and is the main dietary protein source for vegetarians in developing countries. Besides several abiotic factors, its production is constrained by insect pests, as well as many fungal diseases. The success of any attempt to produce resistant varieties through genetic engineering to a large extent depends on the availability of efficient and reproducible regeneration and transformation procedures. Further, the transformation techniques can be more successfully applied if the ontogeny of shoot development is well understood. Ontogeny of shoot development from axillary meristem explants (AME) in chickpea has been studied with the optimization of conditions for high-frequency multiple shoot induction. Preculture of seeds in TDZ significantly enhances the frequency of multiple shoot induction from the explants. Ontogeny and early events of multiple shoot induction revealed direct adventitious origin of the shoots. The understanding of the regeneration process could be further utilized in the designing of efficient transformation methods.

A Regression Equation to Predict VO2 Max of Young Football Players of Nepal

Pinaki Chatterjee,Alok K. Banerjee,Paulomi Das,Parimal Debnath 체육과학연구원 2009 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of the study was to validate the applicability of the 20-m Multi Stage Shuttle Run Test (20-m MST) in young football players of Banke district, Nepal. For application of direct method "cross-over design" (random sequencing) was followed. For validity of the results, repeatability was investigated where 22 subjects performed the test (20-m MST) twice. Thirty five young football players (age range 14~16 years, sex- male) from different sports academies of Banke district, Nepal were recruited for the study. Direct estimation of Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) comprised of treadmill exercise followed by expired gas analysis by scholander micro-gas analyzer, whereas VO2 max was indirectly predicted by 20-m MST. The difference between the mean (± standard deviation) VO2 max values of direct measurement (VO2 max=51.68±5.25 ml/kg/min) and the 20-m MST [Shuttle predicted VO2 max (SPVO2 max)=51.36±5.36 ml/kg/min] was statistically insignificant. The results suggest that the application of the present form of 20-m MST may be justified in the studied population. However, to better predict VO2 max, a new equation has been developed based on present data. The new equation is recommended to be used for the studied population.

Ontogeny of in vitro Shoot Organogenesis from Axillary Meristem Explants in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Srivastava, Jaya,Das, Alok,Soren, Khela Ram,Chaturvedi, Sushil Kumar,Nadarajan, Nagaswamy,Datta, Subhojit 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major food legume crops for the tropics and sub-tropical regions and is the main dietary protein source for vegetarians in developing countries. Besides several abiotic factors, its production is constrained by insect pests, as well as many fungal diseases. The success of any attempt to produce resistant varieties through genetic engineering to a large extent depends on the availability of efficient and reproducible regeneration and transformation procedures. Further, the transformation techniques can be more successfully applied if the ontogeny of shoot development is well understood. Ontogeny of shoot development from axillary meristem explants (AME) in chickpea has been studied with the optimization of conditions for high-frequency multiple shoot induction. Preculture of seeds in TDZ significantly enhances the frequency of multiple shoot induction from the explants. Ontogeny and early events of multiple shoot induction revealed direct adventitious origin of the shoots. The understanding of the regeneration process could be further utilized in the designing of efficient transformation methods.

Experimental and simulation study of magnetorheological miniature gear-profile polishing (MRMGPP) method using flow restrictor

Manjesh Kumar,Anupam Alok,Manas Das 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.11

In this article, a new flow restrictor is utilized in the magnetorheological miniature gear-profile polishing (MRMGPP) method to ensure a consistent and precise polishing of gear profiles. The effectiveness of flow restrictor is analyzed using a finite element-based software COMSOL ® Multiphysics, where shear stress and axial velocity distributions are studied along gear profiles. Later, the experiments are performed without and with using a novel flow restrictor on the SS316L miniature gear teeth profile to examine the finishing performance and results are compared with each other. After finishing the gear, the minimum surface roughness of 24.1 nm at involute profile is achieved, and also all manufacturing defects are completely removed. Concurrently, the teeth geometry profiles are not affected. The uniform finishing of miniature gear with a continuous smooth surface may improve its work performance, transmitting power ability, reliability, fatigue life and form accuracy.

A Novel Additive Texturing of Stainless Steel 316 L Through Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing

Suryank Dwivedi,Amit Rai Dixit,Alok Kumar Das,Akash Nag 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.6

The current study introduces the novel additive micro-texturing through the binder jetting additive manufacturing technique to fabricate circular micro-textured stainless steel 316L parts. The topographical analysis shows that the sample is manufactured with periodic feature sizes less than 250 μm and within an error limit of 7.62% with high metallographic purity. The wettability study indicates hydrophilic wetting behavior with contact angles in the ranges of 85.7°–82.5° for deionized water and 50.2°–36.7° for Hank’s balanced salt solution. The surface free energy for the textured part (53.484 mN/m) is improved by 72% compared to the untextured part (31.054 mN/m), leading to enhanced hydrophilicity. Further, in the scratch analysis, the textured sample shows better features intactness.

Hybrid wind-solar power deployment in India: Green Energy Open Access (GEOA) and Renewable Energy Certificates (REC)

Hardik K. Jani,Surendra Singh Kachhwaha,Garlapati Nagababu,Alok Das Techno-Press 2022 Advances in energy research Vol.8 No.4

The hybrid wind-solar energy concept has a big influence on the spread of wind and solar power projects in India since it combines the benefits of both industries while also providing extra benefits such as resource sharing such as land, infrastructure, and power evacuation systems. Furthermore, while the hybrid policy may reduce certain barriers to the installation of wind and solar energy in India, there are still some issues that must be resolved rapidly in order to ensure a sustainable installation. According to the study's findings, the installation of wind and solar power plants is significantly influenced by energy policy. The wind-solar hybrid energy strategy will also be crucial in the near future for growing the usage of renewable energy sources. Aside from that, the establishment of Green Energy Open Access (GEOA) and the restart of the trading of Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) would promote the quick deployment of standalone and hybrid renewable power projects throughout the nation, enabling it to reach 500 GW of installed non-fossil energy capacity by 2030.