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Condensation of Nano-Size Polymer Aggregates by Spin Drying
Ishikawa, Atsushi,Kawai, Akira The Society of Adhesion and Interface 2005 접착 및 계면 Vol.6 No.1
Condensation control of nano-particles has become important in order to fabricate minute condensed structures. In this study, we focus our attention on condensation mechanism of polymer aggregates in a resist film. The polymer aggregate is structural component of a resist material which is used in lithography process. The condensation nature of polymer aggregates in the resist film surface is observed by using atomic force microscope (AFM). By using the AFM, the condensation of polymer aggregates can be observed clearly. The condensation of polymer aggregate strongly affects to precise fabrication of resist pattern below 100nm size. The interaction force among polymer aggregates can be analyzed based on Derjaguin approximation. We also discuss about condensation nature of polymer aggregates in the resist film surface with the help of micro sphere model.
Tetsuo Sonomura,Nobuyuki Kawai,Kazushi Kishi,Akira Ikoma,Hiroki Sanda,Kouhei Nakata,Hiroki Minamiguchi,Motoki Nakai,Seiki Hosokawa,Hideyuki Tamai,Morio Sato 대한영상의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.15 No.2
We present a case of a patient with rapid deterioration of esophageal varices caused by portal hypertension accompanied by a large arterioportal shunt that developed after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. We used n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) as an embolic material to achieve pinpoint embolization of the shunt, because the microcatheter tip was 2 cm away from the shunt site. Under hepatic arterial flow control using a balloon catheter, the arterioportal shunt was successfully embolized with NBCA, which caused an improvement in the esophageal varices.
( Satoshi Hiyama ),( Hideki Iijima ),( Syoichiro Kawai ),( Akira Mukai ),( Eri Shiraishi ),( Shuko Iwatani ),( Toshio Yamaguchi ),( Manabu Araki ),( Yoshito Hayashi ),( Shinichiro Shinzaki ),( Tsuneka 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.4
Background/Aims: Peyer`s patches (PPs) are aggregates of lymphoid follicles that are mainly located in the distal ileum; they play a major role in mucosal immunity. We recently reported that patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have alterations in PPs that can be detected using narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME). However, the usefulness of NBI-ME in UC treatment as a whole is still unknown. Methods: We collected NBI-ME images of PPs from 67 UC patients who had undergone ileocolonoscopy. We evaluated changes in the villi using the “villi index,” which is based on three categories: irregular formation, hyperemia, and altered vascular network pattern. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of villi index: low (L)- and high (H)-types. We then determined the correlation between morphological alteration of the PPs and various clinical characteristics. In 52 patients who were in clinical remission, we also analyzed the correlation between NBI-ME findings of PPs and clinical recurrence. Results: The time to clinical recurrence was significantly shorter in remissive UC patients with Htype PPs than in those with L-type PPs (P <0.01). Moreover, PP alterations were not correlated with age, sex, disease duration, clinical activity, endoscopic score, or extent of disease involvement. Multivariate analysis revealed that the existence of H-type PPs was an independent risk factor for clinical recurrence (hazard ratio, 3.3; P <0.01). Conclusions: UC patients with morphological alterations in PPs were at high risk of clinical relapse. Therefore, to predict the clinical course of UC, it may be useful to evaluate NBI-ME images of PPs. (Intest Res 2016;14:314-321)
Significance of rescue hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection in difficult colorectal cases
Hayato Yamaguchi,Masakatsu Fukuzawa,Takashi Kawai,Takahiro Muramatsu,Taisuke Matsumoto,Kumiko Uchida,Yohei Koyama,Akira Madarame,Takashi Morise,Shin Kono,Sakiko Naito,Naoyoshi Nagata,Mitsushige Sugimo 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.6
Background/Aims: Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), in which an incision is made around a lesion and snaring is per-formed after submucosal dissection, has some advantages in colorectal surgery, including shorter procedure time and preventing per-foration. However, its value for rescue resection in difficult colorectal ESD cases remains unclear. This study evaluated the utility of res-cue hybrid ESD (RH-ESD). Methods: We divided 364 colorectal ESD procedures into the conventional ESD group (C-ESD, n=260), scheduled hybrid ESD group(SH-ESD, n=69), and RH-ESD group (n=35) and compared their clinical outcomes. Results: Resection time was significantly shorter in the following order: RH-ESD (149 [90–197] minutes) >C-ESD (90 [60–140] min-utes) >SH-ESD (52 [29–80] minutes). The en bloc resection rate increased significantly in the following order: RH-ESD (48.6%), SH-ESD (78.3%), and C-ESD (97.7%). An analysis of factors related to piecemeal resection of RH-ESD revealed that the submucosal dis-section rate was significantly lower in the piecemeal resection group (25% [20%–30%]) than in the en bloc resection group (40% [20%–60%]). Conclusions: RH-ESD was ineffective in terms of curative resection because of the low en bloc resection rate, but was useful for avoid-ing surgery.
Review : EUS-Guided Biliary Drainage
( Kenji Yamao ),( Kazuo Hara ),( Nobumasa Mizuno ),( Akira Sawaki ),( Susumu Hijioka ),( Yasumasa Niwa ),( Masahiro Tajika ),( Hiroki Kawai ),( Shinya Kondo ),( Yasuhiro Shimizu ),( Vikram Bhatia ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2010 Gut and Liver Vol.4 No.s1
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) combines endoscopy and intraluminal ultrasonography, and allows imaging with a high-frequency transducer over a short distance to generate high-resolution ultrasonographic images. EUS is now a widely accepted modality for diagnosing pancreatobiliary diseases. EUS-guided fineneedle aspiration (EUS-FNA) using a curved linear- array echoendoscope was initially described more than 20 years ago, and since then many researchers have expanded its indications to sample diverse lesions and have also used it for various therapeutic purposes. EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is one of the therapeutic procedures that has been developed using a curved linear-array echoendoscope. Technically, EUS-BD includes rendezvous techniques via transesophageal, transgastric, and transduodenal routes, EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS), and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS). Published data have demonstrated a high success rate, albeit with a comparatively high rate of nonfatal complications for EUS-CDS and EUS-HGS, and a comparatively low success rate with a low complication rate for the rendezvous technique. At present, these procedures represent an alternative to surgery or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) for patients with obstructive jaundice when endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) has failed. However, these procedures should be performed in centers with extensive experience in linear EUS and therapeutic biliary ERCP. Large prospective studies are needed in the near future to establish standardized EUS-BD procedures as well as to perform controlled comparative trials between EUS-BD and PTBD, between rendezvous techniques and direct-access techniques (EUS-CDS and EUS-HGS), and between EBD and EUS-BD. (Gut Liver 2010;4(Suppl. 1):S67-75)
Alkoxysilane Compound Coating on Mortar Surfaces and Evaluation of Its Anti-biofilm Properties
Hideyuki Kanematsu,Dana M. Barry,Akiko Ogawa,Takeshi Kogo,Risa Kawai,Hidekazu Miura,Nobumitsu Hirai,Akihiro Maegawa,Yuki Murakami,Kaori Omata,Katsuhiko Tsunasima,Katsuhiko Sano,Akira Suzuki,Yoshiaki S 한국표면공학회 2023 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2023 No.11-1