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Aisha Aminu,Hauwa Onozasi Umar,Wusa Makena,Zakaria Alhaji Isa,Zainab Muhammad Goni,Onyinoyi Bethel Onimisi,Barka Ishaku 환경독성보건학회 2023 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.38 No.4
Lead (Pb) poisoning is an environmental substance that accumulates in the hepato-renal tissue, which is hazardous to health, while Anacardium occidentale L. is a tropical herb used to treat oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the antagonistic effect of Anacardium occidentale leaf extract on lead acetate exposure-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Thirty-six adult Wistar rats were split into six equal groups (n = 6). Group I served as a control, and groups II and III were administered lead acetate (50 mg/kg) and Anacardium occidentale leaf extract (400 mg/kg), respectively, while rats in groups IV–VI were administered Anacardium occidentale (L) extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) and 10 mg/kg of Succimer, respectively, and were then administered lead acetate (50 mg/kg). When compared to the group I, rats administered lead acetate showed an increase in hepatic enzymes, urea, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1β (p < 0.001) levels and decreased levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH, whereas Anacardium occidentale prevented the increase in hepatorenal function parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) induced by lead acetate. Rats administered only lead acetate had a marked increase in hepatic Pb concentration, severe hepatic steatosis, and renal glomerulus degeneration. However, treatment with Anacardium occidentale extract and succimer decreases the Pb concentration, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and also reduces histological liver steatosis and glomerular cytoarchitecture deterioration in the kidney. The results of this study revealed that Anacardium occidentale extract protects against lead acetate-induced liver and kidney toxicity by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Aisha Abdullah,Ashfaq Ahmed,Parveen Akhter,Abdul Razzaq,Muhammad Zafar,Murid Hussain,Nasir Shahzad,Khaliq Majeed,Shahzad Khurrum,Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar,박영권 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.11
We evaluated the thermochemical properties and suitability of a variety of lignocellulosic biomass residues in Pakistan for energy production. Proximate, ultimate and calorific value analyses were performed to know the energy perspective, whereas thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the decomposition behavior of biomass samples under pyrolysis conditions. The moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and ash content in the biomass samples were found within the range of 4.38-5.69%, 63.25-80.53%, 7.97-23.13%, and 7.12-14.35%, respectively. The range of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen content was reported as 35.83-47.23%, 5.2-6.56%, and 45.6-58.55%, respectively. Lower values of sulfur and nitrogen content amongst the samples indicated that the biomass was environmentally friendly in terms of energy production. The heating value of the biomass was reported in the range of 15.20-18.44 MJ/kg. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the existence of hydroxyl, aldehydes, ketones, aromatic compounds, carbonyl compounds, ether, and halogen groups. Orange leaf biomass indicated a greater potential in producing bio-oil, whereas the horticulture biomass and mango leaves may have greater potential for biochar
THE DISAPPEARANCE OF THE MIDDLE VOICE IN ADAMAWA FULFULDE
AISHA IYA AHMED 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 아프리카연구소 2011 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.29 No.-
This paper discusses the disappearance of one of the conspicuous features of Fulfulde- the middle voice in one of its dialects ie the Adamawa Fulfulde which is spoken in Adamawa state. Fulfulde is known for its three voices viz active, middle and passive. From all indication, the middle voice is on its way out of the dialect spoken in Adamawa. With time, at the rate things are going, the dialect will loss the middle voice completely hence changing the dialect from a 3-voice dialect to a 2-voice dialect. The paper is descriptive in nature. It discusses the function of each of the grammatical voices as well as the cause(s) of the disappearance of the middle voice. The cause(s) of the disappearance of the middle voice is discussed from two perspectives: Social and Linguistics.
Hybrid Technique of using ANN in Semi-Star Schema Generation
Aisha Latif,Ayesha Altaf,M. Younus Javed 보안공학연구지원센터 2009 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.2 No.2
Data warehousing is gaining importance day by day in enterprises, as it helps them to improve their business intelligence. The process of creating a data warehouse needs to be automated so that the transactional sources are generated in least time, with maximum accuracy and with minimum dependability on users. This automation proves its worth particularly when working with small and medium enterprises, where hiring of new people just for creating data warehouses can be unaffordable. The technique presented in this paper automates entity relationship model into data warehouse logical model to generate semi-star schema by using artificial neural networks. More precisely, the step of differentiating dynamic behavior dimensions from static behavior dimensions has been automated by using feedforward back-propagation neural networks. This network ascertains dimensions which are sensitive to changes. The network is trained for all the possible values of inputs and has been tested for actual results. The performance of proposed technique is evaluated by comparing certain metrics like simplicity and minimality with existing data warehouse creation techniques.
( Aisha Busife ),( Hesham Ziglam ),( Abdulaziz Zorgani ),( Muhammed Elhadi ),( Hazem Ahmed ),( Ahmed Elhadi ),( Najib Sufya ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: The Single-nucleotide polymorphism in interleukin genes have been reported to be associated with clearance of HCV and sustained virologic response (SVR). Interleukin 28B (IL28B) gene polymorphism is responsible for immune protection against viruses. IL28B gene polymorphism in HCV infection determines the fate of infection toward spontaneous clearance or chronic infection. This study aims to determine that IL28B gene polymorphism is associated with HCV clearance as well as response to interferon treatment in Libyan patient. Methods: Total of 72 patients with chronic HCV infection who received interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy were enrolled in the study. Viral RNA was checked at one, the third and sixth month of treatment. Genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12979860 of IL-28B gene was performed using DNA isolated from blood plasma. Detection was performed using Applied Biosystem® Real-Time PCR. Results: Twenty-four patients (33%) had CC genotype, 36 (50%) had CT, and 12 (17%) had TT. CC patients obviously had achieved the SVR (91%) more than that of CT/TT (58% and 50%) respectively (P<0.005). This had reported with HCV genotype 1 and HCV genotype 4 infected patients similar to other findings reported by several studies. The studied patients who have infected with HCV genotype 3 had achieved RVR and succeeded to achieve the SVR irrespective of their IL28B genotypes where the relapse there after had reported only with the CC patients. On the other hand, CC/TT (haplotype) patients infected with HCV genotype 2 significantly achieved the RVR that eventually translate to SVR achievement. However, the rate of the RVR for CT patients was indeed lower that consequently translated into a lower SVR rate and higher of the thereafter relapse. IL28B CC genotype was the independent predictive factor for SVR with an (odds ratio [OR] 10.59; (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-76.43; P=0.019). These findings were indeed consistent with several studies using the IL28B with various genotypes as predictive factors for the SVR. Conclusions: The CC patients showed a trend toward higher viral decline more than the CT and TT patients. Therefore, IL28B genotyping may be used as a predictor of IFN-based therapy outcomes, and a strategy for developing personalized treatment of hepatitis C patients in Libya.
Aisha Bleyhesh, Al-Amri,Khaloud, Zainaddin,Abdulrahman Ahmed, Zahid,Jehan, Sulaimani International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.12
The study aimed to build an electronic strategy in innovative learning situations for the role of education in combating intellectual currents. A total of 525 Saudi university faculty members and general education teachers were surveyed using two electronic questionnaires. Arithmetic averages and standard deviations, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's alpha stability coefficient were used as statistical methods. The study statistically identifies the differences between the study sample at the level of significance (0.05). and the design of a digital application for individual learning to combat deviant intellectual currents to activate them in light of Saudi Vision 2030 by combining the theoretical academic material and turning it into a learning e-game called (crosswords). The game is equipped with hyper media that supports education with entertainment to direct ideas towards the promotion of identity, the development of values towards moderation and the consolidation of intellectual security. Additionally, the learning e-game represents awareness messages in three short films to activate the role of curricula and intellectual awareness centers to apply realistically, innovatively, and effectively.
Impact and Comparison of Programming Constructs on JAVA and C# Source Code Readability
Aisha Batool,Muhammad Habib ur Rehman,Aihab Khan,Amsa Azeem 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.11
Software readability is a property that manipulates how easily a given piece of code can be read and understood. Since readability can affect maintainability, quality, reusability, understandability etc. Programmers are very concerned about the readability of code. For the good decision of selecting languages, it is necessary to know about the readability of languages. Many software constructs may affect readability of code. In this paper we have selected some constructs that affect readability property and we calculated their readability in C# and java PL. At the end we have also compared results for both languages to make decision easy for programmers to choose best one from both. Short snippets are taken from c# and java and for their readability; five readability indexes are used to get results.
THE DISAPPEARANCE OF THE MIDDLE VOICE IN ADAMAWA FULFULDE
AISHA IYA AHMED 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2011 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.29 No.-
This paper discusses the disappearance of one of the conspicuous features of Fulfulde- the middle voice in one of its dialects ie the Adamawa Fulfulde which is spoken in Adamawa state. Fulfulde is known for its three voices viz active, middle and passive. From all indication, the middle voice is on its way out of the dialect spoken in Adamawa. With time, at the rate things are going, the dialect will loss the middle voice completely hence changing the dialect from a 3-voice dialect to a 2-voice dialect. The paper is descriptive in nature. It discusses the function of each of the grammatical voices as well as the cause(s) of the disappearance of the middle voice. The cause(s) of the disappearance of the middle voice is discussed from two perspectives: Social and Linguistics.