Novel osmotin inhibits SREBP2 via the AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway to improve Alzheimer's disease neuropathological deficits

Shah, S A,Yoon, G H,Chung, S S,Abid, M N,Kim, T H,Lee, H Y,Kim, M O Nature Publishing Group 2017 Molecular psychiatry Vol.22 No.3

<P>Extensive evidence has indicated that a high rate of cholesterol biogenesis and abnormal neuronal energy metabolism play key roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Here, for we believe the first time, we used osmotin, a plant protein homolog of mammalian adiponectin, to determine its therapeutic efficacy in different AD models. Our results reveal that osmotin treatment modulated adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), significantly induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation and reduced SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2) expression in both <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> AD models and in Adipo<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Via the AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1/SREBP2 signaling pathway, osmotin significantly diminished amyloidogenic Aβ production, abundance and aggregation, accompanied by improved pre- and post-synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, memory deficits and, most importantly, reversed the suppression of long-term potentiation in AD mice. Interestingly, AdipoR1, AMPK and SIRT1 silencing not only abolished osmotin capability but also further enhanced AD pathology by increasing SREBP2, amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-secretase (BACE1) expression and the levels of toxic Aβ production. However, the opposite was true for SREBP2 when silenced using small interfering RNA in APPswe/ind-transfected SH-SY5Y cells. Similarly, osmotin treatment also enhanced the non-amyloidogenic pathway by activating the α-secretase gene that is, <I>ADAM10</I>, in an AMPK/SIRT1-dependent manner. These results suggest that osmotin or osmotin-based therapeutic agents might be potential candidates for AD treatment.</P>

SCORE SEQUENCES IN ORIENTED GRAPHS

Pirzada, S.,Naikoo, T.A.,Shah, N.A. 한국전산응용수학회 2007 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.23 No.1

An oriented graph is a digraph with no symmetric pairs of directed arcs and without loops. The score of a vertex $v_i$ in an oriented graph D is $a_{v_i}\;(or\;simply\;a_i)=n-1+d_{v_i}^+-d_{v_i}^-,\;where\; d_{v_i}^+\;and\;d_{v_i}^-$ are the outdegree and indegree, respectively, of $v_i$ and n is the number of vertices in D. In this paper, we give a new proof of Avery's theorem and obtain some stronger inequalities for scores in oriented graphs. We also characterize strongly transitive oriented graphs.

Surface analysis of GeC prepared by reactive pulsed laser deposition technique

Arshad Mahmood,A. Shah,F.F. Castillon,L. Cota Araiza,J. Heiras,M. Yasin Akhtar Raja,M. Khizar 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

Amorphous germanium carbide (a-Ge_(1-x)C_x) thin films were prepared by reactive pulsed laser deposition technique using several methane pressures. Surface analysis was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the composition and elemental bonding at the surface of the material. Optical analysis was carried out by spectroscopic ellipsometry to study the optical constants (n and k) and other parameters of the film. Results indicate that the carbon atoms to be incorporated in the germanium lattice, forming a-Ge_(1-x)C_x alloy, for concentrations below about 10 atomic % where the Ge atoms are uniformly distributed. There is formation of graphitic agglomerates for higher carbon concentrations.

Lack of Association of a Common Polymorphism in the 3'-UTR of Interleukin 8 with Non Small Cell Lung Cancer in Kashmir

Bhat, Imtiyaz Ahmad,Pandith, Arshid A.,Bhat, Bashir A.,Naykoo, Niyaz A.,Qasim, Iqbal,Rasool, Roohi,Aziz, Sheik Aejaz,Shah, Zafar Amin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Background: Chronic inflammation is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The presence of inflammatory cells and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment and their surrounding tissues is gaining much importance in research. Materials and Methods: One hundred ninety NSCLC cases and 200 age, smoking and sex matched controls were evaluated for association of IL-8 -251 (rs4073) and IL-8 -845 (rs2227532) in our population. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used followed by direct sequencing for the detection of SNPs. Results: The IL-8 -845 polymorphism was not found in our population. No significant association was observed between the IL-8 -251 AT genotypes and IL-8 -25 AA genotypes and NSCLC (p=0.05) in our population. The IL-8 -251 A allele was also non-significant (p=0.05) in NSCLC patients. Conclusions: In conclusion, this report reveals lack of association between IL-8 - 251 A/T polymorphism and NSCLC in our Kashmir Valley population.

Detection of Bartonella species from ticks, mites and small mammals in Korea

채준석,김철민,김지영,Ying-Hua Yi,이미진,조매림,Devendra H. Shah,Terry A. Klein,김형철,송진원,정성태,Monica L. O'Guinn,John S. Lee,이인용,박진호 대한수의학회 2005 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.6 No.4

We investigated the prevalence of Bartonella infections in ticks, mites and small mammals (rodents, insectivores and weasels) collected during 2001 through 2004, from various military installations and training sites in Korea, using PCR and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA and groEL heat shock protein genes. The prevalence of Bartonella spp. was 5.2% (n = 1,305 sample pools) in ticks,19.1% (n = 21) in mesostigmatid mites and 13.7% (n = 424 individuals) in small mammals. The prevalence within the family Ixodidae was, 4.4% (n = 1,173) in Haemaphysalis longicornis (scrub tick), 2.7% (n = 74) in H. flava, 5.0% (n = 20) in Ixodes nipponensis, 11.1% (n = 9) in I. turdus, 33.3% (n = 3) in I. persulcatus and 42.3% (n = 26) in Ixodes spp. ticks. In rodents, the prevalence rate was, 6.7% (n = 373) in Apodemus agrarius (striped field mouse) and 11.1% (n = 9) in Eothenomys regulus (Korean red-backedvole) and in an insectivore,Crocidura lasiura, 12.1% (n = 33). Neither of the two weasels were positive for Bartonella spp. Phylogenetic analysis based on amino acidsequence of a portion of the groEL gene amplified from one A. agrarius spleen was identical to B. elizabethae species. We demonstrated the presence of Bartonella DNAin H. longicornis, H. flava and I. nipponensis ticks, indicating that these ticks should be added to the growing list of potential tick vectors and warrants further detailedinvestigations to disclose their possible roles in Bartonella infection cycles.

Psychiatric Co-morbidity in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India

( Yuman Kawoos ),( Zaid A Wani ),( Showkat A Kadla ),( Irfan A Shah ),( Arshad Hussain ),( M Maqbool Dar ),( Mushtaq A Margoob ),( Kouser Sideeq ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.4

Background/Aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic psycho-physiological disorder. It is considered to be the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder, and about 50-90% of IBS patients have associated psychiatric co-morbidity. We aimed to study psychiatric co-morbidities in patients with IBS visiting a tertiary care center. Methods This was a cross-sectional case-control study conducted over a duration of one and a half years from January 2014 to July 2015. Patients were selected from the out-patient department of gastroenterology. About 160 patients with IBS who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and who gave written informed consent were selected as study cases. The healthy attendants of cases were selected as controls. A total of 200 controls were selected. Rome-III criteria were used to diagnose IBS. For diagnosing psychiatric disorders, we used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Schedule Plus. Results Mean age of our cases and controls was 39.7 ± 11.4 and 37.7 ± 9.6 years, respectively. Females outnumbered males in our cases as well as their controls by a ratio of 2:1 approximately. Psychiatric disorders were seen in 84.4% of IBS patients as compared to 41.5% in controls. Major psychiatric disorders seen in our patients were generalized anxiety disorders (30.0%) and depression (28.0%). Conclusions The majority of patients with IBS who present to a tertiary care center have co-morbid psychiatric disorders. We need to screen these patients for such co-morbidities and develop a holistic approach for better outcome in such cases. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:555-560)

Low-Power Voltage Converter Using Energy Recycling Capacitor Array

Shah, Syed Asmat Ali,Ragheb, A.N.,Kim, HyungWon The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2017 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.15 No.1

This paper presents a low-power voltage converter based on a reconfigurable capacitor array. Its energy recycling capacitor array stores the energy during a charge stage and supplies the voltage during an energy recycle stage even after the power source is disconnected. The converter reconfigures the capacitor array step-wise to boost the lost voltage level during the energy recycle stage. Its energy saving is particularly effective when most of the energy remaining in the charge capacitors is wasted by the leakage current during a longer sleep period. Simulations have been conducted using a voltage source of 500 mV to supply a $V_{DD}$ of around 800 mV to a load circuit consisting of four 32-bit adders in a 65-nm CMOS process. Results demonstrate energy recycling efficiency of 85.86% and overall energy saving of 40.14% compared to a conventional converter, when the load circuit is shortly active followed by a long sleep period.

In Vitro Inhibitory Potential of Decursin and Decursinol Angelate on the Catalytic Activity of Cytochrome P-450 1A1/2, 2D15, and 3A12 Isoforms in Canine Hepatic Microsomes

A. M. Abd El-Aty,Syed Sher Shah,김보미,최정휘,조희정,Hee-Yi,장병준,신호철,이강봉,Minoru Shimoda,심재한 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.11

Danggui is one of the most popular herbal medicines consumed by patients in different clinical settings in Asian countries. In this study, the two major pyranocoumarin compounds extracted from the Korean Angelica gigas root decursin (DC) and decursinol angelate (DA) were examined in vitro with regard to their abilities to inhibit hepatic CYP1A1/2, CYP2D15, and CYP3A12 catalytic activities in canine liver microsomes. The two components were capable of inhibiting CYP1A1/2, CYP2D15, and CYP3A12 catalytic activities, but the potencies varied. DC and DA selectively and noncompetitively inhibited CYP1A1/2 activity, with Ki values of 90.176 and 67.560 μM, respectively. On the other hand, they exhibited slight inhibitory effects on CYP2D15 and CYP3A12 with Ki values of 666.180 and 872.502 μM, 990.500 and 909.120 μM (1’hydroxymidazolam, MDZ1’H), and 802.800 and 853.920 μM (4- hydroxymidazolam, MDZ4H), respectively. Additionally, they showed increased inhibition after preincubation, which suggests the involvement of a mechanism-based inhibition. In sum, this in vitro data should be heeded as a signal of possible in vivo interactions. The use of human liver preparations would considerably strengthen the practical impact of the data generated from this study.

Si/Co-CoSi₂/reduced graphene oxide ternary nanocomposite anodes for Li-Ion batteries with enhanced capacity and cycling stability

Park, A Reum,Nam, Myeong Gyun,Kim, A-Young,Kim, Kwang Su,Sher Shah, Md. Selim Arif,Lee, Jun Young,Kim, Woo-Jae,Lee, Joong Kee,Yoo, Pil J. Elsevier 2017 Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.724 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Silicon (Si) is a promising anode material for high-performance Li-ion batteries (LIBs), but it undergoes rapid capacity fading through severe volumetric expansion during Li insertion/extraction. Although alloying Si with various metal sources has been pursued to mitigate the structural deterioration, the resulting materials have shown the intrinsic problem of low electrical conductivity. To address this conflicting issue, here we describe a novel ternary nanocomposite of Si/Co-CoSi<SUB>2</SUB>/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) made using a facile process of mechanical mixing of Si nanoparticles, Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> microparticles, and rGO nanosheets, followed by carbothermal reduction. Specifically, rGO, which has high electrical conductivity and structural integrity, could work as both a conductive matrix and a reducing agent in forming the Co-CoSi<SUB>2</SUB> phase inside the Si domains during thermal treatment. The proposed ternary nanocomposites exhibited a noteworthy specific capacity of 952 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP> with 79.3% capacity retention after 80 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP>. We attribute the improved electrochemical performance to the increased structural stability offered by the Co-CoSi<SUB>2</SUB> phase and the interconnected conductive framework of the rGO nanosheets. Therefore, we expect our design process for Si/Co-CoSi<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO ternary nanocomposites to be applicable to other materials that can eventually be used as high-performance anodes for the next generation LIBs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new Si/Co-CoSi<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO ternary nanocomposite is suggested as Li-ion battery anodes. </LI> <LI> An electroconductive yet Li-inactive phase of Co-CoSi<SUB>2</SUB> is incorporated into a Si matrix. </LI> <LI> Encompassing rGO nanosheets provide mechanical stability and conductivity during cycles. </LI> <LI> Ternary nanocomposite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

In Vitro Inhibitory Potential of Decursin and Decursinol Angelate on the Catalytic Activity of Cytochrome P.450 1A1/2, 2D15, and 3A12 Isoforms in Canine Hepatic Microsomes

EI-Aty, A.M. Abd,Shah, Syed Sher,Kim, Bo-Mee,Choi, Jeong-Heui,Cho, Hee-Jung,Yi, Hee,Chang, Byung-Joon,Shin, Ho-Chul,Lee, Kang-Bong,Shimoda, Minoru,Shim, Jae-Han 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.11

Danggui is one of the most popular herbal medicines consumed by patients in different clinical settings in Asian countries. In this study, the two major pyranocoumarin compounds extracted from the Korean Angelica gigas root decursin (DC) and decursinol angelate (DA) were examined in vitro with regard to their abilities to inhibit hepatic CYP1A1/2, CYP2D15, and CYP3A12 catalytic activities in canine liver microsomes. The two components were capable of inhibiting CYP1A1/2, CYP2D15, and CYP3A12 catalytic activities, but the potencies varied. DC and DA selectively and noncompetitively inhibited CYP1A1/2 activity, with $K_i$ values of 90.176 and $67.560{\mu}M$, respectively. On the other hand, they exhibited slight inhibitory effects on CYP2D15 and CYP3A12 with Ki values of 666.180 and $872.502{\mu}M$, 990.500 and $909.120{\mu}M$ (1'hydroxymidazolam, MDZ1'H), and 802.800 and $853.920{\mu}M$ (4-hydroxymidazolam, MDZ4H), respectively. Additionally, they showed increased inhibition after preincubation, which suggests the involvement of a mechanism-based inhibition. In sum, this in vitro data should be heeded as a signal of possible in vivo interactions. The use of human liver preparations would considerably strengthen the practical impact of the data generated from this study.